SNIP 21-01-97 * - Fire safety of buildings and structures

SNIP 21-01-97 * - Fire safety of buildings and structures

System of normative documents in construction

building regulations
RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FIRE SAFETY OF BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES

SNIP 21-01-97 *

Moscow

Preface 1 developed by the State Central research and design Institute of the experimental complex problems of building structures and structures them.VAKucherenko (CNIISK. Kucherenko), the Center of fire research and thermal protection in the construction CNIISK (JSC "TSPITZS CNIISK"), Central Research and Design Experimental Institute of industrial buildings (JSC "TsNIIpromzdany") and the All-Russian Research Institutefire Protection (fire Prevention), with the participation of territorial bodies of the State fire supervision Russian Interior Ministry

2 INCLUDED Russian Office of the Ministry of Construction tehnormirovaniya

3 adopted and put into effect on January 1, 1998 decision of the Ministry of Construction of Russia from 13.02.97, the № 18-7

4 SUBSTITUTE SNIP 2.01.02-85 *

5 These building codes are the authentic text of the interstate construction standards MCH 2.02-01-97 "Fire safety of buildings and structures»

DECREE of the Ministry of construction of the Russian Federation from
February 13, 1997 № 18-7

adoption of state building codes
«Fire safety of buildings and structures»

1. Adopt and bring into force on 1 January 1998, the state building code SNIP 21-01-97 "Fire safety of buildings and structures" designed CNIISK.Kucherenko SSC "Construction" and "Center for Research of fire and heat protection in the construction CNIISK" and made by the Office of the Ministry of Construction tehnormirovaniya Russia.

2. The following are repealed from 1 January 1998 at the territory of the Russian Federation * SNIP 2.01.02-85 "Fire prevention rules".

Set in mind that those provisions of the SNIP 2.01.02-85 *, which are based on the requirements of building codes and regulations for the design of buildings and structures for various purposes, and systems engineering, continue to apply until the revision of building codes for these buildings.

Minister EVBassin

The SNIP 21-01-97 * Make changes to number 1 and number 2, adopted resolutions Construction Committee of Russia dated June 3, 1999 № 41 and July 19, 2002 № 90 and entered into force from 1 July 1999g and 1 July 2002, respectively.

INTRODUCTION

These rules and regulations are developed in accordance with the requirements of SNIP 10-01, the recommendations of international organizations for standardization and standardization are the fundamental document of the complex 21 "Fire Safety" system of normative documents in construction.

The main differences between this complex and the present rules and regulations of the SNIP 2.01.02-85 * "Fire prevention rules" and related fire safety documents in construction are:

priority of requirements aimed at ensuring the safety of people in case of fire, bycompared to other fire safety requirements;

applicable fire safety requirements to protect objects in the stages of design, construction and operation, including the reconstruction, repair and modification of a functional purpose;

summary of the main requirements for the fire protection of buildings and structures in the form of the objectives of the defense;

the maximum possible reduction of descriptive requirements to means and methods of fire safety;

significant development classification basis firefighting normalization for a more objective and differentiated taking into account the functional purpose of buildings and structures, people's reactions taking place in them, as well as the design and the materials from which they are constructed, the emergence and development of fire and for the expansion of the variance and improve the adequacy of the choice ofmeans and methods of fire protection fire threat.

In these norms are given fire protection requirements to be strictly observed;in those cases, when it is assumed the possibility of departing from a requirement, it is presented with the caveat "as a rule" and the conditions under which derogations are allowed.

tested in practice means and methods of ensuring fire safety requirements contained in these regulations are set out in the currently developed sets of rules in the first place in the SP 21-101 "Ensuring the safety of persons" and SP 21-102 "Preventing the spread of the fire".

Update system of normative documents in construction does not take place simultaneously.Many of the existing SNIP and other normative documents contain fire-fighting requirements and procedures based on the provisions of SNIP 02/01/02.Therefore, in enacting these regulations found that the provisions of SNIP 01/02/02, which are based on the requirements of building codes for specific types of construction products - buildings, structures, engineering systems, structures and materials, continue to apply until the revision of these building codesrules.

During the transition period in the technical documentation for these kinds of construction products can be given simultaneously fire-cal characteristics of the governed as the SNIP 01/02/02, and these regulations.

not prevent the use of complex and 21 of this code of documents for those products for which standards were put in place earlier.It should be borne in mind that the system of fire protection of buildings and structures, based on the provisions of these regulations, as well as a system based on the provisions of SNIP 02/01/02, must be used for complex object as a whole, rather than its individual parts or individual assets andmethods of protection.

should also be noted that the introduction of new standards on methods for determining fire-technical performance of construction products, in most cases, allows the competent (accredited in the GOST R Certification System) organizations to set these parameters according to the classification adopted in the SNIP 01/02/02.

These limits are designed CNIISK.Kucherenko (responsible contractor, the head of the theme candidate. Tehn. Sciences VN Zigern Corn) VNIIPO (executive in charge Dr. Sc. Sciences IS Molchadsky) TsNIIpromzdany (responsible executor candidate. Tehn. Sciences TE. Storozhenko) TSPITZS CNIISK (responsible executor candidate. tehn. Sciences MJ Roitman) led by the Office of standardization, technical regulation and certification of Russian Ministry of Construction (GM Chorin, Polyakov NN) and the Chief state fire service managementRussian Ministry of Internal Affairs (EE Kiryukhantsev, YM Kondrashin, VE Tatars).

building regulations of the Russian Federation

fire safety of buildings and structures

FIRE SAFETY OF BUILDINGS AND WORKS

Date of introduction 1998-01-01

1 SCOPE

1.1These regulations establish general requirements for fire protection of premises, buildings and other building structures (hereinafter - buildings) at all stages of their creation and operation, as well as fire-technical classification of buildings, their components and parts, buildings, structures and materials.

1.2 Sections 6, 7 and 8 do not apply to special purpose buildings (for the production and storage of explosives and explosives, military, underground construction of subways, mining).

1.3 Normative and technical documentation of building constructions, products and materials must keep their fire-technical characteristics, which are covered by these regulations.

1.4 * Fire rules and regulations of the system requirements in the construction should be based on the requirements of these standards.

Along with these rules must comply with fire requirements set out in other regulatory documents, duly approved.These regulations may include additions, refinements and changes in the provisions of these regulations, taking into account the features of functionality and specificity of certain types of fire protection of buildings, premises and engineering systems.

1.5 * For buildings, for which there are no fire regulations, as well as for a class of functional fire danger F1.3 buildings taller than 75 m *, of buildings other classes of functional fire hazard height of over 50 meters and buildings with a number of underground floors more than one, andalso for extreme and unique buildings, in addition to compliance with the requirements of these standards, technical specifications, reflecting the specificity of their fire protection should be developed, including a range of additional engineering and technical and organizational measures.These specifications shall be agreed upon with the governing body of the State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia and Russian State Construction Committee and approved by the customer.

________________

* Here and below, unless otherwise stated, the height of the building is determined by the top floor location in height, not including the upper technical floor, and floor location of the height is determined by the difference between the marks passage surface for the fire engines and the lower boundary of an opening of the opening (window) inthe outer wall.

1.6 * Permission to retreat from the fire protection requirements of building codes for specific objects in justified cases made Gosstroy Russia if measures to compensate these deviations agreed governing body of the State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia.

1.7 * If you change the functionality of existing buildings or individual rooms in them, as well as a change of space-planning and design solutions should be applied existing regulations under the new designation of these buildings or premises.

necessity of bringing existing buildings into line with these standards is determined 8.5 SNiP 10-01.

2 * Normative references

In these rules references to the following normative documents:

SNIP 10/01/94 System of normative documents in construction.General

SNIP 2.01.02-85 * Fire regulations

SNIP 2.04.05-91 * Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

SNIP 23-05-95 Natural and artificial lighting

SNIP 2.07.01-89 * City.Planning and construction of urban and rural settlements

SNIP II-89-80 * Master plans of industrial enterprises

SNIP II-97-76 master plans of agricultural enterprises

GOST 12.1.033-81 Occupational Safety Standards System.Fire safety.Terms and definitions

GOST 12.1.044-89 Occupational Safety Standards System.Pozharovzryvoopasnost substances and materials.Nomenclature of indices and methods of their determination

GOST 25772-83 Fences of stairways, balconies and steel roofs.General specifications GOST 30244-94

building materials.Methods of test for flammability

GOST 30247.0-94 building constructions.Test methods for fire resistance.General requirements of GOST 30247.1-94

building constructions.Test methods for fire resistance.Bearing and enclosing structures

GOST 30247.2-97 building constructions.Test methods for fire resistance.Doors and gates

GOST 30247.3-99 building constructions.Test methods for fire resistance.Valves fire-prevention ventilation systems (NPB 241-97. Valves fire ventilation systems. Test method for fire resistance)

GOST 30247.4-99 building constructions.Test methods for fire resistance.Ducts (NPB 239-97. Air. Fire Test Method)

GOST 30402-96 Building materials.Test method for flammability

GOST 30403-96 Building structures.Method for determination of fire hazard

GOST 30444-97 (GOST 51032-97) building materials.Test method for flame spread

ST SEV 383-87 Fire safety in construction.Terms and definitions

PPB 01-93 ** Fire Safety Regulations in the Russian Federation

NPB 101-95 Norms of design objects

NPB 104-95 Design of fire protection systems, warning people about the fire in buildings

NPB 105-95Definition of categories of rooms and buildings by explosion and fire hazard

NPB 110-99 list of buildings, structures, premises and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing and automatic fire alarm

NPB 233-96 buildings and fragments of buildings.Methods of natural fire tests.General requirements

NPB 250-97 Elevators for transporting fire units in buildings.General technical requirements.

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

In these regulations, unless specifically indicated otherwise, accepted the terms and definitions given in ST SEV 383 and GOST 12.1.033.

4 KEY PROVISIONS

4.1 The building design shall be provided, space-planning and engineering solutions that provide in the event of fire:

the possibility of evacuation of people regardless of their age and physical condition of the outside on the adjacent to the buildingterritory (hereinafter - out) before the threat to their life and health due to exposure to fire hazards;

opportunity to save people;

access personnel fire departments and fire-fighting equipment supply to the fire, as well as carrying out activities to rescue people and property;

fire on nonproliferation located near the building, including the collapse of a burning building;

limitation of direct and indirect damage to property, including the contents of the building and the building itself, with an economically reasonable ratio of the amount of damages and the costs of fire prevention, fire protection and its technical equipment.

4.2 Under construction is necessary to provide:

priority to the implementation of fire protection measures stipulated by the project, developed in accordance with applicable regulations and approved in the prescribed manner;

compliance with fire safety regulations stipulated by PPB 01, and protection against fire and auxiliary facilities under construction, fire safety for construction and installation works;

availability and proper maintenance funds for fire fighting;

opportunity for safe evacuation and rescue, as well as protection of wealth in a fire at a construction site and the construction site.

4.3 During the operation should be:

provide building maintenance and operation means of fire protection in accordance with the requirements of design and technical documentation to them;

ensure compliance with fire safety regulations, duly approved, including 01 PPB;

avoid structural change, space-planning and engineering decisions without the project, developed in accordance with the applicable regulations and approved in the prescribed manner;

during repair works to prevent the use of designs and materials that do not meet the requirements of existing standards.

If a building permit building obtained under the condition that the number of people in a building or any part thereof or fire load is limited inside the building in a prominent place should be placed notice of these limitations and building administration must develop special arrangements for the prevention of fireand the evacuation of people in case of fire.

4.4 Measures for fire protection of buildings are provided with regard to technical equipment of fire brigades and their location.

4.5 When fire risk analysis of buildings can be used in the design scenarios based on the ratio of the time parameters of the development and spread of fire hazards, evacuation and fire fighting.