Making the ground in the country with their own hands

Grounding - One of the ways to increase the safety of electrical appliances.While electrical appliance properly, grounding is not necessary.But each of us is faced with the breakdown of devices, even produced by well-known companies.Failures can be very diverse.Including damage to the insulation, and as a consequence of entering phase onto the enclosure.In the event of such a failure, a confluence of a number of other, very real circumstances can be fatal.For example, a woman can unload the washing machine damaged, leaning against a water pipe or radiator.

Many modern appliances are fitted with safety systems.But also do not be amiss to equip the power supply system of the RCD (residual current device).

device operating principle is - current conductivity portion of the device, which can touch a person attached to the contour of the ground.Thus, when the phase of contact with such areas, there is a short circuit, and turns off the power supply RCD.Of course, the equipment is activated only when the instrument ground.Even if the appliance is not fitted with a fuse or RCD, grounding will save up life of a man, as the current will pass directly from phase to ground, bypassing the human body due to the resistance because the resistance of the human body of about 1000 ohms, and the ground is much lower.Convinced of the undoubted benefits of the earth, move on to its assembly.

Mounting grounding system

cottage Earthing device - conductive rods system embedded in the ground and connected to each other.lower than it is better there - the resistance is an important property of the ground.If grounding will only be used for household appliances, the resistance should be less than 30 ohms, and if you use it together with molniepriёmnikom, the resistance must not exceed 10 ohms.This can be achieved in several ways: increase the depth of immersion rods, increasing the distance between the rods, increasing the number of cores, flooding the ground brine.

rods must be a minimum of 3, 4, and can be more.Depending on the number of cores, conditional on the perimeter of a triangle or a square with sides not less than 1.2 m (the more, the better) scoop groove to a depth of 0.5m.

On the tops of the excavated pieces hammer into the ground rods.The core can be a square, armature, trumpet.In general, what is at hand.Is hammered to a depth of at least 2 m. The more, the better.Experience has shown that doubling the depth of immersion of the rod by 40% reduces the resistance.Use a heavy hammer or you can elektromolot.Do not forget to pre-sharpen the rod.You can simply cut off the end of the grinder at a sharp angle.This will more likely not to get to the stone.If the land is rocky and not succeed greatly deepen rods, increase the distance between themselves and the number of rods.In this case the connecting channels do not dig and first hammer rods.And so, the rods are clogged.Connect them together by welding the metal strip 40x4 or something thereabouts.If for any reason you can not use welding, circuit parts can be joined together and bolted, but in this case, try to achieve the most reliable contact.The same band or wire rod 12-15 mm swipe ground to the house.Assume that the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor, which connects the terminals and fail the ground to the house, should be about 150 mm2dlya steel or 50 mm2 for copper.After connecting all the parts make a measurement of loop impedance.(Independently measure the resistance you are unlikely to succeed. Need Spetspribor and some skills. Therefore, pre-invite a specialist).If the resistance is too high, add more pin and connect it with the rest.

Before backfilling underground photograph contour with reference to the building.In the future, it might be useful.And in general, all the wiring in the house, as well as other communications before plastering or other tiling take photos with a ruler.

ground contour does not need to be in the form of a triangle or a square.It will fit that option.

circuit Or this - When the pins are hammered into the ground, and the current goes into the ground due to the large area of ​​the frame.

Additional loop system electrical potential equalization system at home (PAF).

Its essence is to interconnect all potentially dangerous surfaces.As you know this is the voltage potential difference.Thus, if a person touches the surface with a high surface potential and at the same time a low, current will pass through the human body from the first into the second.If all the indoor surface are interconnected, and the potential is all Buda.In the case of such a system, you need to connect with each other all the metal pipes communications (water, gas, heating), the metal part of the frame of the building, ventilation systems, and ground loop neutral conductor of power supply system.

Video - protective earthing of the lightning in the country

Video - deep grounding in the country