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August 12, 2017 18:08

Wire and cable marking in color

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Content

  • 1 marking wires intended and color
  • 2 Safety Guides.
  • 3 Zero conductor
  • 4 PEN or TN-C system
  • 5 phase conductors
  • 6 wire marking according to GOST R 50462-2009
  • 7 Marking technical characteristics
  • 8 marking cable terminations
  • 9 introduction of a new GOST marking wires pros and cons
  • 10 Definition conductors unmarked at home

For proper connection of electrical panels is important to follow certain rules.The basic document for any electrician in charge of electrical installation is the SAE "Rules for electrical installations".It describes how to perform wiring, how to calculate the cross-section of the wires, which cable or wire is used.

Also SAE needs to know GOST R 50462-2009.The document described in detail which color and letter designations may be used for a variety of wire and cable.This document came into force only in 2011.

This new standard, which is very different from the previous one.The fact that the color-coded wires to the new guest in many ways contrary to the requirements of the SAE.New Standard is designed according to European standards, which differ from the domestic.This often leads to confusion when installing electrical equipment.

marking wires intended and color

Wire and cable marking, which is applied by the manufacturer, the labeling refers to the factory.This shell color and lettering.Phase 220 ​​volt wire

color and lettering possible to obtain all the necessary information.Where and in what capacity you want to use this wire.

color carries information about the appointment of the wire.In most cases, the color coding is applied to the entire length of the wire.If the wire is not insulated, the marking is applied in the joints and at its ends.

According to existing standards are allowed to use the following wire colors:

- black;provoda_po_tsvetam-

- white;

- blue;

- pink;

- purple;

- orange;

- brown;

- red;

- yellow-green;

- turquoise.

- gray;

Knowledge of color and lettering significantly reduces installation time, eliminates errors when connecting the wires.Errors can cause short circuits and electric shock defeat personnel during commissioning.

Safety Guides.

For marking protective conductors used yellow and green.They may be applied across or along the conductor.And even in the GOST is determined the ratio of colors to each other.From 30 to 70 percent of the surface wire of the same color, the remaining surface of the other (for every 15mm of length).The old standard, these requirements are not mentioned.

Under the new state standards apply separately green and yellow colors are not allowed!

If the protective conductor is used bare wire a different color - you need to identify it with the help of sticky yellow - green tape.

Alpha - digital signage - PE.

Zero conductor

When marking the neutral conductor alternating current circuits using blue.He is often referred to as "neutral".The letter designation - N. In no case should not be confused "land" a work of "0".

PEN or TN-C system

This grounding system, which combines the protective conductor and working to "0" along the entire length.They have a yellow-green marking.Places connections and wire ends - blue.Reverse same as permitted Coding: the entire length of - blue, and ends at the joints - yellow-green.

TN-C system used to widely used.Easy installation was in the first place.Who came to the fore the safety of people.Four wire system is increasingly replaced by a five-wire TN-S system.In its "zero" and "protective" wires separated.

In some projects, the division into PE and N performed in substations.For the consumer food served five core cable.But most separation occurs in the central cabinet with the opening machine (or disconnect).

phase conductors

Colour coded phase conductors in three-phase circuit - gray, brown and black.If you have a more complex circuit configuration is used marking other colors allowed by GOST.

Common lettering phase conductors - L. For the three-phase circuit used designations L1, L2, L3.DC Chain designation «L +» and «L-».

marking wire according to GOST R 50462-2009

the wires and phases

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The following table shows the main types of conductors marked.

Marking technical characteristics

Cables and wires, marked not only for its intended purpose.On the cable sheath is usually indicated alpha - numerical designation, for which you can define its characteristics.

letter indications of domestic products:

1 - core material (A - aluminum);

2 - kind of wires (M - mounting, K - control, etc.);

3 - insulation material (R - rubber, P - plastic, etc.);

4 - the protective structure (B - armored metal strips, T - for laying in pipes, etc.).

digital signage domestic products:

1 - number of cores (in the single-core wire is not the first digit);

2 - section;

3 - the maximum voltage.

designations by European standards:

N - VDE standard;

Y - PVC insulation;

M - installation cable;

RG - armored protection;

C - shielded cable;

SL - control cable;

05 - voltage up to 500 V;

07 - voltage up to 750 V.

This is the most common and well-known labeling cables.

Marking cable terminations

In industrial production, in the phone, telecommunications networks used another type of marking - marking of cable lugs.

When using cables with a large number of conductors marking is applied when connecting to the distribution boxes, boards, connectors.Otherwise, find the vein is not possible.This is especially important in the assembly of electrical switchboards.

Marking for cable terminations can be applied in different ways:

  • with a permanent marker (cheap but not durable);
  • using self-laminating marker;
  • using marking elements (not suitable for all types of cable);
  • using marking equipment (used by professional installers).

introduction of the new GOST marking wires pros and cons

introduction of new European standards greatly simplifies the installation of new, modern equipment.But, at the same time, a number of problems with the maintenance of old electrical mounted even under the old rules.Replace all old wiring on electric installations are not possible.New Standard does not require it.It is especially difficult to adjust to the new rules electricians with experience.

Earlier phase conductors can be yellow, green and red colors.Now yellow and green are used only for grounding conductors.In existing installations the potential equalization black tires.Now, this color is used only for marking the phase conductor.Problems in determining the destination of the conductor can result in an accident.To avoid the problem, it is necessary to pay paramount alphanumerical marking and tire location.It is also necessary to closely monitor changes in the regulatory documents.

Definition conductors unmarked at home

In everyday life is most often faced with a situation where labeling household electric absent.All conductors in the panel may be of the same color.

All older homes two-wire network, ie,without protective conductor.Define a "zero", which is a "phase" can display a screwdriver.This tool is there in every home.Upon contact with the neutral conductor of the indicator light on the screwdriver does not burn.When you touch in the phase conductor - lights.

If there is a ground wire, you will need a meter on the network.It can help you determine the type of wire - ground or zero.It is necessary to set voltage over 220 V. A pin to phase conductor.The second stage are putting the remaining two wires.Ground wire will show the value of 220, ground will be below this value.

main thing in any job related to electricity, with extreme care and caution.

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