How to make compost - 10 Tips !

Compost - an indispensable component of the fertile soil in your garden and the most affordable fertilizer, obtained literally from waste.Properly prepared compost not only will fill the needs of plants for nutrients, but also improve soil structure, its friability, and ability to absorb and retain moisture.

How to make compost

«correct» compost - it is not just a bunch of preyuschaya in the corner of the garden, where you can dump all that is necessary.To compost was useful and safe, you must observe certain rules.

The composition of the compost may contain:

• mown grass, hay and straw;
• green parts of healthy plants and some weeds;
• twigs, waste wood and sawdust;
• food residues of plant origin;
• herbivore dung and droppings of birds;
• chalk, ash, coal, an eggshell;
• composting accelerators.

Grass which is a compost

Do not use the compost heap as garbage pits, adding a touch of the following components:

• remnants of food of animal origin - they cause rot and persistent unpleasant odor;
• feces of people and carnivorous pets - they may contain tapeworm eggs;
• cloth coated glossy paper, rubber, stones, bones - these components are not degraded in the composting process;
• chemicals and disinfectants;
• weeds with seeds with long germination and creeping roots - in the process of composting, these plants do not lose germination;
• diseased plants affected by pests and fungal diseases such as Phytophthora.They need to burn.

stored components kompostnik.It can be done in the form of pits or fenced compartment, located in a secluded corner of the garden.According to the rules laid compost pile does not emit strong odors and has no adverse effect on the soil.

device kompostnika

correct device compost pile - one of the keys to quickly obtain high-quality compost.Make it is not difficult, it is important to follow the recommendations.

1. prepared site leveled and enclose using planks, boards or sheets of slate.It is better to have it in a lightly shaded place with no direct sunlight.At the bottom of the pit or the drainage layer is poured compartment - sand, gravel, large woody debris.Water, moistened layers of compost should freely flow out of kompostnika.
2. compost on the bottom of the pyramid necessarily laid a layer of mature compost ready - or pozaproshlogodnego last year.This layer provides a sufficient amount of bacterial components, which occurs via fermentation.
   

   principle of forming a compost heap

3. prepared components are ground possible: the grass and straw may be chopped shovel, small branches break.The smaller the particle size of the components is, the faster the mature compost.Remember that fresh sawdust softwood reduces the potassium content in the compost, so the finished compost with plenty of chips necessary to enrich potassium-phosphorus fertilizer.
4. Stack components in layers, each layer thickness of not more than 15 cm. In this case, try to alternate the green mass with wood and food waste.The content of the green component should not exceed one-third of the total, since by themselves grassy remains of poorly fermented and rotting.If the bulk of the waste consists of grass, it is better to podvyalit the sun.
5. between components you can put a thin layer of manure or litter, you can use a commercially available liquid fertilizer or compost accelerators.Dung is better to use a horse or cow, because the litter is considered as the best chicken.In this case, note that the litter - concentrated fertilizer.Its content in the compost heap should not exceed 5.10%.
   

   compost box filling Sample

6. Stack compost pile in the form of a pyramid or cone - so increases its resistance, and improved ventilation conditions.The top of the pyramid is covered spandbond compost, straw, stalks, or boards.The polyethylene film is not suitable to use, beneath compost will start to rot without access of air, leading to occurrence of putrid smell.

Maturation of compost

fermentation and composting process lasts from several months to two or three years, while the compost maturation depends on the size and components of the fermentation mode.It is important to raise the temperature inside the pyramid to 55-60 degrees and above, thus not only accelerates the process of decomposition of the components with the help of bacteria, but also lose their germination the seeds of weeds, pests and insects are killed.The proper mode is important to ensure a good supply of moisture and air kompostnika.This is achieved by means of simple operations.

1. In dry and hot weather, the compost pile should be watered with water to complete wetting of all layers.Do it better with a hose, as the volume of water required is quite large.Watering is best done with the morning on a warm day to wet the compost per day had time to warm up, and it began active processes of decomposition.
2. Periodically can be added to water for watering the composting accelerator or infused in water fresh manure.
3. Once or twice a season you need to shovel the compost with mixing layers.This helps to make the inner already fermented compost pyramid part outwards and the upper layers move inward.
4. Furthermore, digging is useful to saturate the air compost.If your kompostnik began publishing unpleasant putrid smells, try to shovel.
5. kompostnik In the winter you can warm - it will prolong the active fermentation.For this purpose compost pyramid is filled with peat or humus and cover crop tops of root crops, fallen leaves, sunflower stalks, or fresh straw.Plant residues retain heat inside the compost, and the next year they can be used for a new compost pyramid.
   

   Compost pile of leaves and grass

Use compost can be when he will acquire a substantially uniform structure becomes loose and friable.The mature compost smells damp earth and rotting leaves, there should be no traces of mold and mildew.Finished compost is added to the wells at planting shrubs and trees or transplanting, mulch the soil under their perennials or added to the greenhouses and greenhouses.You can also sprinkle it on the garden beds before planting the seeds and lightly proryhlit soil surface.