Build Daily

Windows And Glazing

August 12, 2017 18:06

Laying window openings

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Windows - a mandatory attribute of each construction for both commercial and domestic purposes.For the construction of these structures should be treated with extreme delicacy.The window opening of brick must be made according to specific requirements.This will help keep the operational characteristics of the building, such as insulation and thermal conductivity.In this article we will look at all the subtleties of work on the masonry openings.

Content

  • Features and appointment designs
  • Features process step
  • masonry window opening brick
  • Installation of window openings in the walling
  • method expansion
  • opening How to lay the opening
  • Conclusion

Features and appointment designs

Status window openings directly affects the room lighting, aspoor quality masonry will cause a lack of light.To properly cut the window opening must have an idea of ​​its standard features.

In the traditional version of the opening has a rectangular shape.Strengthening design ensures located in the upper part of the bridge.This supporting member, the task of which is to transfer the load from adjacent overlap portions at the support.

Nadokonnaya jumper must have the same insulation capacity as the wall.To this element took his installation load evenly should be implemented taking into account the width of the opening, the type of masonry, the width of the walls, the distance between adjacent walls and openings, the distance between the opening and the upper ceiling.

For stronger fastening design the space between the frame and the wall must be filled with foam.This material also provides additional insulation.But the foam has a definite drawback - it is not resistant to UV rays.To prevent the destruction of the material within two weeks after the completion of the foam to be processed decorative material.

window openings.Photo:

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Features process step

Installation of window openings in the wall of the brick should be made subject to certain rules.The main aspects should include the following:

  1. Slopes (elements connecting the frame to the wall) should be covered with a layer of plaster or plastic sheathing panels, siding or plasterboard material.
  2. slopes Inside the room will be enough to handle the plaster composition, and outside they should be warm.This can be done with the help of foam, which is placed between the outer trim and the wall.
  3. angle clearance openings can be both direct and slightly turned outward.This method allows you to make the room lighter.
  4. Another important point is to install on the outside of the inclined sill, which will divert rainfall.aperture settings should match the dimensions of the glazing.Otherwise it will be impossible to install windows, and would require additional measures.
  5. masonry window openings can be carried out at the stage of construction of the building, and the walls already built.These processes have certain differences in implementation technology.
  6. Installation work requires careful approach and precision, as even minor mistakes can have a negative impact on the result.The opening should be a few centimeters in size than a window unit.At discrepancy of the parameters will have to correct the situation by means of seals.
  7. Along with practical and decorative functions of the task openings perform well, so brickwork must comply also aesthetic requirements.In the process, you need to carefully monitor the horizontal position of the base for the future of the sill and a vertical plane on each side of the opening.To cope with this task will help plumb and level.Plummet can be done independently, using the cord and the weight of it.

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masonry window opening brick

window aperture in most cases is done after two clutches of five series.Under the window sill fit bonder series.Location of the opening, thus corresponding number of clutch 14.The first row must be laid so as to correspond to the opening edge of the vertical seam of the wall.
For the construction of the window opening with your hands need to prepare a toolkit:

  • grinders and disc for stone processing;
  • level;
  • hammer;
  • trowel;
  • unravel;
  • plummet;
  • cord;
  • rule;
  • square;
  • roulette.

worker laying process is performed in a sequence of actions:

  1. first masonry walls on both sides of the opening should be brought to the desired height.
  2. then to connect the opposite parts of the opening in the top of the need to install a jumper.This can be done by means of metal corner or concrete element.
  3. If you have chosen to use a corner, then you should consider the same features:
  • before applying the entire surface of the element to be processed by special anti-corrosion agent which is applied by a conventional brush;
  • when choosing the width of the bracket should be guided by the thickness of the walls, but the figure should not be less than 120 mm;
  • to determine the required length of the element is necessary to proceed from the aperture width.For this indicator, it is necessary to add 200 mm;
  • in the case of correct identification of the corner of the parameters when it is installed on each side formed a spade 100 mm;
  • further area should be put in the window opening.Thus it is formed a base, the presence of which will continue masonry walls.
  1. to produce concrete element should be placed at the opening board, then mount the formwork.Inside is placed reinforcing rail, then into the mold is filled with a concrete structure.The solution is to freeze, and then you can remove the formwork.The advantage of this method is its cost-effectiveness.But in this case the work takes longer than using a corner.
  2. For subsequent laying bricks must be prepared, from which you want to cut the fourth part.This measure is necessary to ensure that the brick does not protrude above the wall.It does not bear any risk for masonry, but it will look rather unattractive.Cutting should be used with the disc grinders in stone.It is also necessary to cut bricks from the bottom corner, which is directed towards the corner.This will facilitate installation.
  3. Once the bricks are prepared they can be laid on top of the bracket.Initially this is done without the use of mortar.
  4. When laying need to comply with a certain distance between the bricks.For this operation to be carried out using metal twig 10 mm in diameter, which will allow the use to control the width of the seam.Brick window openings are made in compliance with this rule will have a more aesthetic appearance.
  5. Next you need on the back of the corner joints is necessary to identify the location of the place, then you can remove the bricks.
  6. In the next step, focusing on the layout, you can start laying the bricks with a solution.At the same time care must be taken to ensure that the location of the bricks in line with the horizontal line.As a guide, you can pull the cord.
  7. After completing laying jointing joints should be treated (special tool).Finally, clean the eggs and remove the remnants of the solution.

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Installation of window openings in the wall erected

This method allows you to mount an opening in an existing wall.For the work necessary to prepare the following tools:

  • peak;
  • scrap;
  • hammer;
  • sledgehammer;
  • grinders;
  • jackhammer;
  • triangle;
  • punch;
  • roulette;
  • level;
  • beams of wood;
  • chisel.

process of opening of masonry is carried out in a sequence of actions:

  1. The first thing to strike the markup.This procedure is intended to denote the locations of all the bridges and openings.This kind of work is done with the help of the triangle.The jumper must be positioned so that its upper edge is in the bottom row of masonry.After application
  2. data marks to each edge bridge is necessary to add 15 cm. This distance is required to accommodate the supports by means of which will be fixing jumper.To make a jumper needed beams of reinforced concrete or steel profile elements.
  3. Next set support.At the same time between it and the wall must be observed at a distance of 70-80 cm.
  4. After the support member is installed, it keeps the wood beams, which will distribute the load.
  5. On the outer side of the wall is necessary to make a mark, whereby the beam will be located.
  6. To mark the data transfer to the inner wall surface of the need to drill holes.The resulting holes are inserted rods, which at both sides should prop supports.
  7. now support must be secured.This can be done with nails that are hammered into the studs and the support of the board.
  8. the next step, using a chisel and a hammer must be removed from the wall layer of plaster over the entire area of ​​the future opening.On all sides additionally added to 3 cm.
  9. After removing the plaster, you can proceed to the dismantling of bricks.Work should start in place of the jumper location.Then you need to insert the beam.
  10. all the bricks that act should be correct.
  11. After a jumper by means of grinders is propyl.This action will allow to align the opening edge and facilitate subsequent processing.
  12. This window opening in the brick wall is ready, you can install and run the window trim.

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method expansion

opening often in service of construction it is necessary to increase the size of the window openings.This procedure is quite simple to implement, but the work should begin with providing support for the main bridge.Then the action taking place in the following sequence:

  1. With cement mixture laid new heel.
  2. After solidification structure can begin to expand.
  3. If the wall under the bridge does not have sufficient load-bearing capacity, the jumper should be further prop.Panel under the thumb is placed on the composition of high-strength cement.
  4. If necessary, create one of the two windows opening to eliminate the need to partition between them.To do so, remove the old boxes.
  5. also necessary to prop up the jumper in the openings.
  6. Next create a new web using a steel beam that is placed on both sides.
  7. partition connecting the two windows, you should prop.Support should be placed so that it is consistent with the level of overlap.
  8. reference blocks for installation on the outside wall of the hole made.The distance between the wall of the wooden beams and shelves in these beams need rasklinit.These actions are also held on the inner side.
  9. then partition disassembled, cleaned props and racks.
  10. This main part of the work completed.Now you need to with the help of plaster composition to restore the damaged trim and install the new frame.

Advanced openings need to finish after installation of window units.This step involves sealing the seams, extra insulation, reinforcement of a new window, as well as decoration.All works must be performed from the outside and inside of the building.
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How to lay the opening

In some cases, there is a need in the window opening tab.This need may be due to inconvenient location, so that you can not make optimal use of valuable floor space or arrange a room in a certain style.During the bookmark you need to consider such things as: thermal and acoustic insulation, interior and exterior trim.The best option is to use for this purpose, the material from which built the wall.

to Bookmarks need these materials:

  • cement-sand composition;
  • bricks;
  • capacity for a solution;
  • trowel.

After laying each brick wall surface should be checked with a spirit level.Then you need to adjust the locations of chips.Position tabs must be firmly connected with the wall.To do this, when the applied reinforcements.Heat insulation of housings can be provided with the help of plate or roll insulation and insulating plaster composition.

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Conclusion

From the opening of masonry depends on the quality of the subsequent installation of window units.Therefore, the need to adhere to certain rules and standards.The technological process involves several steps and requires compliance with high accuracy, because a slight deviation from the norm will cause difficulties in the subsequent installation of windows.Also, the appearance of openings significantly affects the aesthetic appearance of the building.Therefore, maximum care must be taken when performing masonry.

Features Installation of window openings in the wooden house shown in the video:

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