Plaster ceiling with his hands

repair of any room, whether it is residential or office, starting from the ceiling.No matter what a finish provided the design project: whitewashing, painting or pasting decorative panels, machined surfaces must be prepared by all the rules.

How to align the flow?

comparing different methods of leveling the ceiling, you should find out what is the fundamental difference between the plaster and putty?Both variants eliminate nervousness related to "wet" method, which is based on the use of various mixes and compositions.By "dry" rank as the alignment of the ceiling gypsum boards, but resorted to such a radical solution of the problem in the extreme case.

surface Putty runs as finishing prior to painting or gluing wallpaper.The layer of material may not exceed 4.3 mm.The peculiarity of this coating is that it is permissible to use virtually flat surfaces with minor defects, hardly noticeable cracks and small irregularities, as the fine putty mixture is not able to tighten and hide more serious problems.

Screed plaster produced on surfaces with height differences up to 45-50 mm.Through a mixture of coarse particles it is easy to cope with deep cracks and joints between the slabs and beams.However, if the difference exceeds 5 cm, used plasters are not recommended - too thick layer of material is not only aesthetically unattractive but also dangerous because of the likelihood of cracking and peeling plaster from the ceiling, which can be a potential threat to the health and result in personal injury.In such situations, the best solution is to install ceiling frame structures using slabs of drywall or ceilings made of modern materials.

Pros and cons of plaster

choosing one or the other way to finish, should take into account all the advantages and disadvantages of the material.

plaster Pros are in the following aspects:

• is completely safe and environmentally friendly material, which provides a strong and durable coating;
• made their own work will be less costly than installing a suspended ceiling, or tension;
• «naturalness" of the material makes it possible to use it for finishing the housing of people suffering from diseases of the respiratory tract and various allergies;
• surface treatment plaster slightly reduce the height of the room.
  

  mixture of plaster

Disadvantages plaster mixtures are as follows:

• there is a limit to the maximum thickness of the plaster layer - experts do not recommend to exceed the threshold of 5 cm - high differential aligns this material is inappropriate andcharacterized by a large flow of the mixture;
• if you do the work yourself is not possible, professional service will cost a considerable sum, plus consider the cost of the material itself;
• alignment of the ceiling plaster mixes requires certain skills to work with materials and tools, but the process may take a very long time, since the main task is to make the surface smooth and even.

Tools and materials

For plastering of the ceiling in the home will need the following materials:

• square container large capacity (15 to 19 liters).It is recommended to choose a container with high sides to prevent splashing during mixing and straight walls for a better set of tools to the mix;
• metal and rubber spatulas of various sizes.For convenience, preference should be given instrument with rubberized handles;
• building trowel;
• rule;
• paint brush;
• roller and cell priming;
• building level;
• grit sandpaper to remove various defects of the coating in the initial stage of processing and final grinding, the holder;
• drill with appropriate blender attachment or construction;
• serpyanka;
• stable stepladder;
• personal protective equipment (rubber seals, plastic mask and a respirator).
  

  tools, fixtures, tools for plastering

Step 1. Surface preparation

preparatory phase is of utmost importance, even if it is a new building.Ideally, the ceiling must be cleared before the concrete slab.

Traces of mold, fungus and rust stains should be removed with a wet sponge, then zamyt area ceiling by special trains.Old and peeling layer of plaster and other building materials must be removed.

Even if the coating looks robust and without noticeable wear, experts recommend to remove it.Firstly, sooner or later may be formed on the ceiling of a crack, and secondly, this layering steal centimeters extra space.

most appropriate tool for the work is a narrow spatula.If the layer of finishing materials is difficult to remove, you can try "obstuchal" treatment area with a rubber hammer or use a drill with a special motorized brush attachment.It is important not to forget to protect your eyes, head and respiratory tract from construction dust.

Rinse away various solutions plaster is useless, because the surface of the ceiling after such treatment is slim, sleek and hard release layer, which will impede the quality of work due to the low adhesion, which may cause detachments and cracksdeposited layer of plaster.

ceiling cracks and joints is recommended to embroider.Exemption from the layers of the old pavement surface should be explored coarse sandpaper P80 to remove the irregularities and the remaining pieces of plaster.In addition, sandpaper the best way possible to prepare the ceiling to the priming.

Step 2. Priming

When selecting a primer should be preferred solutions for smooth surfaces.They contain in their composition of fine granules, after drying, forming on the surface "roughness" conducive to the best adhesion layer plaster primed concrete slab, and antiseptic substances that are part of, hinder the development of extraneous microflora solution.

primer layer before the subsequent step is to thoroughly dry, on average, it takes at least 12 hours.

Step 3. Preparation of a mixture of plaster

plasters are available in two versions: dry and ready.Differences in consumer properties between them, but the price differs in several times.Although easy to prepare the mixture yourself:

• into the prepared container is filled with manufacturer recommended amount of water;
• is poured slowly dry mixture;
• building solution is stirred with a mixer until smooth and left with the lid closed for 15-25 minutes, and then the remixing mixers.

plaster is recommended to apply plastic or rubber spatula, but to carry out more effective leveling metal tools.Dries each layer of plaster is not less than 16 hours in the absence of temperature jumps and drafts.

Step 4. Apply the plaster surface

Depending on the material of the ceiling and its curvature, there are several plastering technologies.

relatively flat ceilings

ceiling plastered with two, at least three layers of the mixture.With minor surface defects may be applied to selective areas of plaster, with subsequent leveling of material applied but masters recommend at least one solid layer on the whole surface.If irregularities are numerous and intended layer of plaster will be more than 10 mm, before starting work on the ceiling is necessary to fix the masking grid - this will prevent the coating from cracking and give greater strength.

ceilings with large irregularities

If the surface differences are significant and amount to more than 2 cm, it is better to perform the alignment using the beacons.Their installation - a responsible and important step.

Using the laser level leveling is done and determined "zero" mark.To do this, it determined the lowest corner of the ceiling and on the wall of a relevant note.

Then using paint cord calculated the lowest point on the ceiling, where it will begin the installation of beacons along the ceiling.

Lighthouses are fixed parallel to each other on the plaster blotches with the distance between rows 15-20 cm less than the width of the rule.Short rule is easier to work, and ensures the best results long.

Once the beacons will be installed, you can start plastering.The mixture was distributed between beacons a spatula, and the excess removed the rule.Each layer of plaster is applied paint mesh overlap a neighboring range of 10-12 cm. It is important not to go beyond the boundaries of lighthouses.

wood and ceilings of steel

wooden ceiling before applying the plaster mixture to the ceiling mounted metal mesh having a mesh size of 100x100 mm, or a stuffed two-layer shingleso that the nail heads did not go beyond the rails.This is done in order to avoid cracking and shedding plaster, especially if the house has a living attic or second floor.The plaster is applied in two layers, each spread with a spatula thoroughly and dried.

Ceilings plasterboard

process sheets of drywall plastering is to fill dents, joints mortars.In the case where the gaps between the blocks drywall significant, experts advise to use serpyanku on necessary areas.However, remember that the maximum thickness of the layer on the uncovered areas of the grid shall not exceed 15 mm.

Decorative plaster

There is also a so-called decorative trim ceilings, in which the treated surface of the plaster is not further puttied.This way of finishes allows you to get an interesting texture and unusual design solutions, especially at a combination of various application techniques.

Plastered and treated with sandpaper grit R150-170 ceiling is ready for further work.As a rule, level the surface "by zero" is impossible without the use of fillers.

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