How to make and how to strengthen the wooden steps to the ladder ?

Wooden stairs for stairs in the house are always in high demand.

There are several reasons:

• steps can be fastened with his own, without resorting to the services of the masters;
• steps made of wood just as all the details are based on the calculation of the size;
• Tree - eco-friendly material;
• wooden steps lifetime of decades, even in the street;
• stairs Restoration is done very quickly - changed the stage and ready.

But the question is: how to make and strengthen the wooden stairs with their hands?In this text we will reveal absolutely all nuances that are worth to know and describe the instructions for the manufacture of their own hands.

Types steps

Before we start production of their own hands, you need to understand all the nuances of technology, the requirements for steps, perform the calculation (dimensions and mounting points), to learn about the species.

In total there are 3 types:

1. Direct: the name implies that this form is a rectangle from a variety of solid wood.What you should pay attention to: the riser height and width of the stage.They must be chosen so that the stage was not low and it was comfortable to rise and fall;
2. Corner: The second type is needed, if the staircase in the house has a twist.This step is performed in the form of a wide web, and a large area - it also serves as a platform for turning;
3. winder: only necessary for the spiral staircase.In shape it is wrong trapezoid, the inner side is less than the outside.What you should pay attention to: the inside of the calculation must be such that the ladder track was uniform, without slope, the distance between the steps should be the same.The calculation is wrong, if the overhanging edges of the board on the riser exceeds 5 cm.

Wooden stairs for ladders easy to make your own hands, whatever form under the stairs on any frame, even on the second floor and above.

It should take into account the general, the recommended requirements regarding geometry and settings that should not be ignored, as well as the recommended calculation - the size of the board, the place for fastening.

Requirements for stairs made of wood

demands of the masses and the need to consider all of them that eventually, in the manufacture of their own hands, give exemplary ladder.

Let's look at them in detail:

• most important requirement - the choice of a suitable ratio of "width-height steps / tread depth."The average, the figure commonly used is in the range of 16 to 25 cm If you underestimate the step width, then lift up the board is laid, the staircase will be steeper.;
• Dimensions: width between 80 and 100 cm, width of 35 to 50 cm, height risers - 15-20 cm;
• Steps should be either solid wood or of laminated wooden slats;
• riser thickness is generally between 15 and 20 mm;
• Speaking of a winder, note the recommended dimensions: length from 80 to 120 cm, width of 18 to 20 cm, thickness - 2 cm;
• board must be perfectly dry and covered with antiseptic, be hydrophobic protection, otherwise it will creak, one has only to soak it with water;
• lacquer painting - a sure way to fall.You can paste a special anti-slip adhesive tape that will look presentable.To prevent falls board better cover: carpet, linoleum, non-slip, polyurethane, rubber / rubber.

Practical guide

The turn produce wooden stairs with his hands.We go through 3 phases: performing the calculations, produce stage, after assemble.

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Step 1 - calculation

calculation is performed based on two variables - level height (between 15 and 22 cm) and depth (distance from the riser to the edge of the tread - 25-40 cm).

Using projecting stage, you can increase the depth of the tread and the stair length will remain the same.

Dimensions may be different, but they must fit into the formula: the sum of the values ​​of the tread and riser, multiplied by two, should be between 60-65 cm

width varies from 80 to 100 cm width increased to 150 cm..if its traffic is intense.The thickness of the tread typically has a ratio of the width of the stage 1:20.

If the width of 100 cm, the thickness should be not less than 5 cm if you apply the finished base board, it is possible to reduce a thickness of 1 cm thickness riser -.. In the range from 18 to 25 mm.

Now we need to calculate the number of steps on the ladder All:

• height "Floor 1 - Floor 2" divide it by the height of one step;
• During the height of the stands distance from floor to floor (second floor - especially the thickness overlap);
• Alternatively, you can scale an existing staircase, each floor on graph paper, then define the width of the tread.

Step 2 - do stairs wood

We buy planed board made of beech, oak, ash, maple - choice (choose from the number of conditions 1 square meter boards on 2 stages).The board must already be dried.

If wet mount board, then over time it will be deformed, besides the stairs with wet board always creak.

For manufacturing steps with his hands need tools:

• circular saw for boards;
• grinding machine;
• router for edging.

Made stage with his own hands is quite simple:

1. perform the calculated size templates (see photo);
2. Scrollsaw risers and treads (the number of count on all levels);
3. All received blank cover parquet lacquer.

«And what is the difficulty?" - You ask.A difficulty lies in the installation.

Step 3 - Installation

mounting board on the stairs can be made by one of the following 3 ways:

• By stringers;
• By bowstring;
• By Bolza.

Each of the methods has its own peculiarities (see photo):

stringers:

• Connection to the slots (where willriser, cut the desired groove depth);
• with screws flush with the surface with no protruding caps;
• With the installation of the triangular rail-supports, which is planted on the screws.

Bowstring:

- Mix in the groove: groove runs deep grooves necessarily glued;
- Metal Corner on the screws - acts as a backup;
- Installation on the bars - the same corner of the metal version is also on the screws.

great importance and type of ladder.

If you have a metal ladder:

• mounted by means of holes with 15 cm increments and indented from the edge of 2 cm;
• welding metal parts stairs can be rough, because in places distortions adhesive is used to fill effect.Also, place between pieces of plywood substrate ladder adjusting height difference.A metal staircase with wooden steps must be perfectly level in all planes;
• clamp mount treads with plywood, fix screws;
• tree should hide all the metal - the stairs are beautiful, concealing a metal base;
• On top of the spanning tree parquet lacquer.

metal staircase with wooden steps looks solid, beautiful, and its foundation can not be seen.

last rung of the ladder to the second floor is mounted so that it stands alone or instead acts as the canvas floor.

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second floor, ends his paintings need to drill, paste them into one big backup, put it on the screws and then fastened.

If you have a concrete staircase

Stairway of concrete is rare, though not always beautiful in appearance, but good - the stairs to the second floor of the concrete do not.

Wooden stairs - the only sensible way to give concrete stairs divine form.

Concrete stairs should not have a height difference because Align the surface with a punch or a grinder with a diamond disc.

Video:

Mounting on a concrete staircase runs so:

• works only conducted on an absolutely flat and dry surface;
• Sticking sheets of plywood - it will serve as a moisture-proofing layer.Plywood glued with mastic and fixed with dowels (see photo);
• Put the board: for proper joint is cut grooves in the two parts to be secure.
• Installation is performed from the first riser, there is a bottom-up;
• riser fixed bolts: it is screwed into the rear surface (the amount - 4-8 pieces), cut off their hats, and in places of prospective fastening drill holes.We fill them with epoxy resin, put the riser;
• On top riser fasten plywood, track tread with pre-fixed riser and so on .;
• All boards put loads and wait until it receives the glue.Making stairs completed.

Installation of street stairs going the same way.After all the work on the street, it is desirable to cover the board with paint / enamel / varnish reliable.

Street stairs should also cover non-slip material.