Build Daily

Walls And Ceiling

August 12, 2017 18:06

Thermal insulation inside the walls of mineral wool plus plasterboard

click fraud protection

comfortable living in any house or apartment is in a direct relationship on and well-planned, efficiently running the heating system, and from degree Insulated building designs.It is pointless to spend a lot of money for energy if inadequate or poor-quality thermal insulation does not provide the minimization of heat loss and heaters large part of its power is wasted in anyone desired "Street heating."

One of the "main ways" leakage of heat from the premises are not having sufficient thermal insulation exterior walls.Well owners of private homes - they is able to mount external insulation.But not all free with the best choice, and we have to look for other approaches.It would seem, nothing particularly difficult - it is possible to organize the inside wall insulation mineral wool plus plasterboard layer which will form the basis for a decorative finish.This method of insulation, as they say, "has a right to exist," however, is not so simple as seems at first glance.

Thermal insulation inside the walls of mineral wool plus plasterboard

Wall insulation from inside the mineral wool plus plasterboard

Wall insulation from inside the mineral wool - event quite controversial, many tayaschee «pitfalls» .And it should be resorted to only in extreme circumstances, when there is absolutely no opportunity to perform insulation from the outside.Try to understand, in what disadvantages of this approach, and how to minimize them.

few words about the insulation - mineral wool

Article Contents

  • 1 few words about the insulation - mineral wool
  • 2 Referring to the theory - the "pitfalls" insulating walls inside
    • 2.1 Is significantly decrease floor space?
    • 2.2 balance between quality insulation and condensation
  • 3 How to calculate the need for internal mineral wool insulation thickness?
    • 3.1 Calculator thickness of mineral wool for insulating walls inside
  • 4 How to minimize the negative qualities of the internal insulation?
    • 4.1 Video: hidden dangers of internal mineral wool insulation walls
  • 5 Features Technology mineral wool insulation inside the walls

First of all, consider the property of insulating material, rendered in the article title.

Mineral wool as a heating material in the construction industry has been used for a long time.With the advent of new technologies of production of mineral wool , which led to an increase in product quality, reduce the degree of hazard to humans and the environment, the scope has expanded considerably, and her actively used for thermal insulation work in homes.

should be a good idea of ​​what the term mineral wool is hidden a few its types that have significant differences, and not all species are applicable in a residential building.The main parameters are summarized in the table, but a few words should be said yet on each species.

Parameter Stone wool Slag Fiberglass
Thumbnail stone - wool 2446_261s217_68f6535384111ek3029bd5a424f7fkzd 04_uteplitel_poliline_730_450_60_s_s1
average diameter of the fiber, micron from 4 to 12 from 4 to 12 from 5 to 15
hygroscopic material for 24 hours. (max)% 0,95 1.9 1.7
Twit no yes yes
Thermal conductivity, W / (mK) 0,035-0,042 0,46-0,48 0,038 -0,046
sound absorption coefficient from 0.75 to 0,95 from 0.75 to 0,82 0.8 to 0,92
presence of a binder,% from 2.5 to 10 from 2.5 to 10 2,5 to 10
sintering temperature, ° C 600 250-300 450-500
Maximum operating temperature, ° C 1000 to 250-300 From -60to +450
Flammability material NG - incombustible NG - incombustible NG - incombustible
releasing hazardous emissions when burning slightly yes slightly
Heat Capacity, J /kg * K 1050 1000 1050
Vibration moderate weak weak

There are three main types of mineral wool.

  • known to all wool - it is produced by melting silica sand or cullet.From mass rasslavlennoy drawn fiber thickness of about 5 ÷ 15 mm and a length of 15 to 50 mm, which then using a binder in compressed light and elastic mats.Typically, glass wool can be easily distinguished from other species by the color - for her characteristic yellow shades.

material - chemically inert, not defeated rot, does not become a breeding ground for any form of biological life.Disadvantage - fiber glass is very fragile, caustic and can cause serious skin irritation during the laying of the material.It also determines the quality and undesirable use of glass in residential areas - microparticles fibers can be transported with dust being inhaled, cause allergic reactions or asthma attacks in people stradayuschi x x ronicheskimi diseases.

Thus, the use of glass wool for insulating the inner surface of the walls in the living areas still not worth it.

  • Slag - the second representative of this class of heaters.About her many will not speak - for thermal insulation of residential premises it will not work.The reasons for this - a lot.In addition to the disadvantages of glass wool - brittle, taunt, dusting, slag very hygroscopic, gives largest shrinkage with the loss of insulating qualities.In addition, a lot of questions to her and from the point of view of environmental cleanliness .Needless raw materials for its manufacture - blast furnace slag, sometimes have very mixed composition and even the background radiation and acidity paired with soaking moisture create a very hostile environment, especially destructive effect on metal parts.
  • If you already take a mineral wool insulation for interior - it is exclusively basalt (rock).It is compared with the other - the most durable, resilient, its fibers less brittle, and do not cause skin irritation of mucous.At the same time - all with absolutely no loss of insulating qualities - coefficients reflux eploprovodnosti no worse than that of glass.

Stone wool is also able to absorb the moisture, but the index of hygroscopicity at her lowest.The binder in the process of manufacturing a mineral wool completely polymerized , and substantial risk to the human body can not imagine (of course, if it goes of quality, certified products well-known manufacturers).

Blocks ( Plate ) basalt wool is very easy to work

blocks (plates) basalt wool is very easy to work

Basalt wool is extremely useful in laying - mats or plate it well keep their shape, are easy to cut, some of them can be fixed on the walls, if necessary, withhelp construction adhesive (this is very important for high-quality thermal insulation).

Basalt wool can be mounted on the glue and plaster

basalt wool can be mounted on the glue and plaster

What is extremely important for living quarters - basalt wool refers to a group of non-flammable and does not support combustion materials and its heat resistance - the highest among all heaters produced in the form of panels,plates or mats.

word, basalt rock wool, available at all the same in her certain shortcomings, it is the only correct choice.

Referring to the theory - «pitfalls» wall insulation inside

therefore, subject to certain technological rules basaltic mineral wool can be used for thermal insulation work both outside and inside the premises.Why then are so many opponents of the thermal insulation on the inside?

Probably many they put the "bright spots" on the front walls of high-rise buildings. Hosts apartments, not satisfied with the degree of thermal insulation of walls , go to a lot of costs to use that external insulation.

External wall insulation in apartment buildings require special equipment or specialists in industrial mountaineering

External wall insulation in apartment buildings require special equipment or specialists in industrial mountaineering

Independently perform like insulation - is virtually impossible.We have to use the services of companies in the state where there are specialists in industrial mountaineering.You agree that such work at height, which include preparation of walls for insulation, and installation of insulation, and high-quality finishing - simply can not be cheap . Nevertheless , many go on it.

way to perform such external wall insulation apartments will face even and administrative problems.- It is necessary to obtain a permit.And there's no guarantee that "good" is received.For refusal may be motivated by the breach of appearance of the building or street style design, especially if house attributed to the category of architectural monuments and is a part of a unified urban ensemble.It will not be obtained and if the apartment is adjacent to the technological structure of the strain the seams, to the elevator shaft, the other elements of the building structure.In short, the difficulties in this regard, even if have the required material resources, expected a lot.

So why not an internal insulation, because there is plenty of advantages ?

  • Perform activities not linked to the time year and weather conditions - to carry out, when you want.
  • Work on the internal insulation, at first glance, requires a much lower cost - and in terms of the purchase of materials, and in terms of the possibility of their own, without the involvement of specialists.
  • addition to insulation, the walls are still getting and sound insulation.
  • work can be carried out step by step, from one room to another, as far as possible and necessary.

However, all this "rosy picture» seriously spoils disadvantages this method of insulation:

  • Carrying out work temporarily paralyzes life in a particular room and disturbs the convenience of living in the other - have to move furniture in the apartment is inevitably spreads construction waste.
  • total cost of insulation of external walls may not be quite so small and - it entails for themselves, in addition to thermal insulation measures, even and large-scale works on restoration or even the complete renovation of interior decoration.
  • Internal insulation will oblige owners drastically revise the system of high-quality ventilation.
  • Wall insulation from the inside - it is always a loss of useful space of rooms.
  • And most importantly - spending is warming, the hosts, winning one, get a "time bomb» - high probability of occurrence and spread of in closed walls of moisture, mold, fungus, not only leads to unpleasant odorsbut also presents certain danger to health of residents.
The consequences of dampness external walls

consequences of dampness external walls

In addition, the damp walls much faster emerge and develop processes of degradation, erosion and corrosion of building materials from which they are constructed.

Consider major disadvantages in more detail.

Is significantly decrease floor space?

It would seem - how much area can "steal" wall insulation from the inside?But it - only at first glance seem insignificant.

Take for example, a room measuring 5 × 3,5 m.The area its - 17,5 m².

The loss of usable space , even with a small layer of insulation 50 mm

loss of usable space, even with a small layer of thermal insulation 50 mm

example, in room - two external walls (item 1.) That require insulation.As used insulation layer of mineral wool (pos. 2) 50 mm thick.From above it is closed gypsum sheathing (3 pos.) In a single layer - it is with the installation and putty take still about 15 mm.Total length of the two sides of the room is reduced by an average of 65 mm (even if we do not take the possible curvature of the walls - in this case, the difference will be even more).

Compute area: 3,435 × 4,935 = 16,95 m².Total overall loss of useful space in the room, which is already small in size, was 0.55 m²! And , in calculation undertook, as already mentioned, the theoretical straightness of walls and the minimum thickness of the insulation - just 50 mm.

If we add to this the forced transfer of radiators, expanding the sills, the losses seem to be very significant.The spacious room can somehow optimize space, reducing the impact of such losses to a minimum.But to close the kitchen, where the account, sometimes, happens every centimeter to get out of the situation is already complicated.

But that, as they say, life's problems, which can be dealt with "a little blood."Much more serious is the case with questions which lie in the plane of Thermal Physics.

balance between quality insulation and the formation of condensate

Herein lies the most vulnerable spot of the internal insulation of walls.And the main "enemy" appears the water, passing their vapor into a liquid state (condensate) in certain point the internal heat of the meeting rooms and the cold from the street.Place kondensatoobrazovaniya has its name - «dew point."

dew point varies nonlinearly and depends on many factors - humidity, temperature outside from inside the wall structure and the materials used.

should clearly understood that the level of absolute humidity in residential areas are often higher than outdoors.The reason is simple -. In addition to the general background of humidity, depending on the climatic conditions of the area, season, weather and steady etc , a considerable amount of overhead vapor is added to it, which are formed in the course of everyday human life.This could include the exhaled vapors, cooking or boiling water, reception water treatment, wet cleaning, washing and drying laundry, and in some cases even special air humidifiers are used to improve the comfort of living.

In residential buildings is constantly going on excessive evaporation

in homes constantly being excessive evaporation

excess moisture always requires a certain output to meet the overall balance.Part of the problem is solved ventilation of premises or the work of the ventilation system.But still a very large amount of water vapor find their way through the walls.Most building materials have good water vapor permeability - they say that "breathing wall".Under optimal conditions, the pair cross the fence and go freely into the atmosphere, unless, of course, not "stumble" on the dew point.

One of the main problems in the thermal calculations walling - make the dew point as close as possible to the outer edge of the wall, or even - for its limits in the outer layer of insulation.

instagram viewer