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August 12, 2017 18:06

How to make the ceiling in a wooden house

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design of the ceiling in a wooden house often is a kind of "pie" of the two outer layers plating, fixed on the beams of the attic ceiling, which is laid between one type of insulation.Meanwhile least , there are others besides ceiling design of this system.

How to make the ceiling in a wooden house

How to make the ceiling in a wooden house

How to make the ceiling in a wooden house properly to avoid heat loss from the premises and to prevent the penetration of cold air from the attic?This question arises to each owner of such buildings.In addition, no less important point is the interior decoration of the ceiling, because of its appearance will depend on the appearance of the interior.Therefore , you need to consider whether the surface is sheathed with an additional decorative material.

But first, you need to consider in detail the basic structure, its installation, as well as all the necessary her materials.

design attic floor and ceiling

Article Contents

  • 1 design attic floor and ceiling
    • 1.1 boarded ceiling
    • 1.2 grazing ceiling
    • 1.3 Panel ceiling
  • 2 Thermal insulation materials for thermal insulation of the ceiling
    • 2.1 selection Criteria
    • 2.2 types of mineral wool
    • 2.3 Types polystyrene
    • 2.4 Keramzit
    • 2.5 Video: how to insulate ceilings in the home
  • 3 Decorative ceiling
    • 3.1 Sheathing sheeting
      • 3.1.1 Video: how is sheathed with plasterboard ceiling wooden
    • 3.2 Facing ceiling tiles
      • 3.2.1 Videoceiling tile trim EPS

Any wooden structure is covered beams, which are the basis for covering the ceiling and the floor of the attic or second floor of the building.There are three basic design of the ceiling - is podshivnoy, panel and grass.

boarded ceiling

scheme podshivnoy structure is as follows:

The approximate scheme ceiling

approximate scheme suspended ceiling

1 - suspended ceiling boards;

2 - joists;

3 - rolling trim;

4 - heating material;

5 - vapor barrier film.

Boarded ceiling during installation

boarded ceiling during installation

  • preferred to carry out the installation , since fixing vapor barrier film on the floor joists from the premises.Her stretched and nailed to the joists using staples from the stapler.Fabrics vapor barrier overlap overlapping 100 ÷ 150 mm and, after fixing on the beams, glued together by a water resistant adhesive tape construction.

can lay a vapor barrier, and after the completion of the lower binder, then film closes not only fixed bottom boards, but and floor beams.This is especially useful in the event that as a heater will be used small fraction expanded clay.If this option is selected flooring insulation, it is carried out from the attic.

  • Top film mounted suspended ceiling board.Often, instead of boards used particle board (chipboard or better - OSB) or plywood having a thickness of not less than 10 mm.
If you intend to decorative trim , the trim fit for the board and not the best quality

If you intend to decorative trim, the trim fit for the board and not the highest quality

Filing is selected depending on what the ceiling decorative coating is fixed on top of her .It should be noted that when choosing decorative finishes in the form of a wooden lining, it and Binder used for ceiling mounting without sheeting or boards.

  • Further, work is carried out from the attic, but before they are carried out, you need to take care of security.Since the attack on the filing of the board in any case can not be perpendicular to the joists need to put a temporary boardwalk and walking while working can be solely on him, periodically shifting it to the desired distance.
  • between the beams overlap on the vapor barrier film fit or poured insulation.On the choice of this material will be described below.
Layer vapor barrier and hydro insulation mats are laid

layer and stacked mats Hydro insulation

  • If you select roll insulation manufactured in mats or the filling material is dry, it is recommended to cover the top and waterproofing film , in which you can use as a dense polyethylene or roofing material.His fix brackets to the joists.
  • Top insulation and waterproofing rolling plank siding, which will serve as the floor of the attic.
Work on the part of the attic might require the utmost caution and acrobatic dexterity

Work from the attic might require the utmost caution and acrobatic dexterity

Another way of mounting all components is to carry out the entire process from the attic, but it is not only nekomforten, but also extremely dangerous, so the spacecraft to to repezh filing must be carried out in an awkward position. If this method works, it is also sure to fit a temporary boardwalk planks of durable, able to withstand the weight of the master.

grazing ceiling

grazing the ceiling is different from the boarded absence during installation room ceiling beams.If a small space, a width not greater than 2500 mm, and each of them will overlap separately, the design is quite similar to the ceiling suitable for his device.

Grazing the ceiling applies to the small area premises

grazing the ceiling applied to small areas premises

  • ceiling boards in this case fixed to the bearing structure of the wall or on a bar, nailed to the walls around the perimeter of the room at a distance of 120 ÷ 150 mm from the top of them.
  • boards grazing the ceiling should be chosen thick enough - not less than 50 mm, as they will be installed and insulation parts, forming floor attic .

Thus it is necessary to consider that, if the board will be installed in the timber, it is recommended to put on driven into the wall brackets made of reinforcing rods, and additionally to fix nails or screws.

desirable to choose flooring battens, which is connected by means of special grooves.

  • Further, from the attic planks covered with a vapor barrier.
  • Top film keeps heating material, which closed waterproofing film , attached to the wall brackets.
  • Then, still par fixed beams or bearing walls fit boardwalk - attic floor.

Panel ceiling

This ceiling consists of individual panels, combined into a single structure.Most often made on the floor panel are raised and laid on supporting beams, and then interconnected.

The tiles can be collected at the bottom , and then go up and attached to the joists

ceiling panels can be collected at the bottom, and then go up and attached to the joists

Each panel consists of the following elements:

  • box or shield, made of two boards and planks.

beam mounted on a lag type, at a distance from each other that the internal distance of 600 mm was among them.This width is considered to be optimal, as it have the majority of heaters manufactured in mats.

Further, it screwed ready-made boards, the size of which must be 600 mm plus the thickness of two bars -lag .

  • Then, in the resulting box plank vapor barrier film.
  • Top her fit insulation, which is covered from top to waterproofing.Her secured to the side rails.

As such, the panel is raised to floor joists.If the blocks are ready to do the small size, they are easy to raise on high, and there are already combined into a one-piece construction upper wooden facing.

  • When fastening the individual panels from the boards, should pave the heating material between them to close the "bridges" the penetration of cold.

should be noted that some masters prefer to collect the panels at the height, once the entire length or width of the room, as there is no opportunity to raise its entirely due to a sufficiently large weight.

once warm - ceiling , in - bath - 1024x768 Want to know more about the design of the ceiling?

Read about how mounted insulated ceiling in a wooden bath , see detailed diagrams of its devices - all this is possible in the relevant article of our portal.

Thermal insulation materials for thermal insulation of the ceiling

It is very important to choose the right heating material, as this will depend on not only heat in the house, but also the safety of tenants.If wood can be self-impregnation process flame retardants, then, choosing a heater, you need to immediately pay attention to the markings on its flammability class, which should be placed on on packaging.

What insulation choose?

What insulation choose?

Selection Criteria

purchasing heating material, you need to focus on the following criteria:

  • low thermal conductivity.
  • moderate density.
  • Low hygroscopic, ie .material should minimally absorb moisture.
  • minimum flammability, which is indicated in the letters and numbers packaging:

- NG - non-combustible material;

- T 1 - low combustibility;

- T 2 - moderate combustibility;

- T 3 - average flammability;

- T 4 - severe flammability.

  • no less important to pay attention to the ability to smoke production smoldering insulation, as smoke can be as dangerous as fire.This option has the designations from D1 to D3, respectively - low, medium and high smoke generation .
  • More one parameter related to fire safety - is the spread of flames. RP 1 ÷ WP4 .The velocity of propagation of fire is classified in the same way as the first two parameter - from low (1) to high (4).
  • Environmentally friendly insulation - it should not be immediately or eventually released into the environment hazardous to human evaporation.
  • ease and speed of installation.

durable material without loss of performance.

Sound insulation properties - the ability suppress ambient noise (such as heavy rain or hail sounds, banging on the roof), to maintain silence in the house.

The table below shows the basic physical and technical parameters used for the insulation:

Materials Thermal conductivity, W / m × ° C Thickness in mm corresponding .R = 1,2 m² × ° C /W density kg / m³ Operating temperature, ° C Water vapor permeability mg / (m × h × Pa)
Polyurethane 0,025 30 40 ÷ 60 -100 to+150 0,04 ÷ 0,05
Extruded polystyrene 0,07 36 30 ÷ -45 From - 50 to +75 0,14
Polyethylene foam 0,045 56 35 -60 to +90 0,1
foam 0.03 60 40 ÷ 125 -50 to +75 0.23
Stone wool 0,047 56 35 ÷ 150 -60 to +180 0.53
Fiberglass 0,056 67 15 ÷ 100 -60 to +480 0.53

has smy cl cr RATS consider additional features, the most popular of heaters provided in the table.

types of mineral wool

One of the most popular insulation, and I must say that deservedly is mineral wool.This term breaks are several materials that are made from various natural materials, so the specifications are several different:

Table comparative characteristics of varieties of mineral wool.

Parameter Stone wool Slag Glass wool
Maximum operating temperature, ° C 1000 to 250-300 From -60 to +450
average diameter of the fiber, micron from 4 to 12 from 4 to 12 from 5 to 15
hygroscopic material for 24 hours. (max)% 0,95 1.9 1.7
Twit no yes yes
Thermal conductivity, W / (mK) 0,035-0,042 0,46-0,48 0,038 -0,046
sound absorption coefficient from 0.75 to 95 from 0,75 to 0,82 from 0.8 to 92
presence of a binder,% from 2.5 to 10 from 2.5 to 10 from 2.5 to 10
Flammability material NG - incombustible NG - incombustible NG - incombustible
releasing hazardous emissions when burning yes yes yes
Heat Capacity, J / kg * K 1050 1000 1050
Vibration no no no
Elasticity,% 75 nodata unknown
sintering temperature, ° C 600 250-300 450-500
fiber length, mm 16 16 15-50

Stone wool

stone wool made from rocks of gabbro-basalt groups and marl.This material has low thermal conductivity, so perfectly retain heat indoors.Fibrous insulation structure can be heated basically to 1000 ÷ 900 degrees, but at a temperature of 600 degrees sintered material and loses its insulating properties.

Stone ( basalt ) cotton - the most easy to use and

stone (basalt) cotton - the most easy to use and

very important quality for the installation of this type of wool is the absence of caustic brittle fiber - the material is practically harmless to the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and eyes, to the skin.

This type of insulation can be called "breathing", so indoor air is not heavy and stale.

Stone wool does not emit toxic substances, so safe for humans.

It is produced in different forms, suitable for installation work, and recently there was a material having an additional foil coating that helps repel the room heat rising to the ceiling.

Fiberglass

Glass wool is made of glass battlefield and sand by their melting at high temperatures up to 1500 degrees.As a result of this process to obtain fiber length of 50 mm and a thickness of 4 ÷ 15 microns which makes the material durable and resilient.

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