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August 12, 2017 18:06

Insulation for balcony

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good host would certainly try to turn balcony in her apartment in the most functional, room.It is understood that since balcony in direct contact with the street, the main problem, in addition to the glazing, becomes its insulation.If you like this issue seriously , the planning of such events should begin with a study of the characteristics, and then the correct choice of insulating materials.

Insulation for balcony

Insulation for balcony

Choosing insulation for balcony, must first take into account the average winter temperature of the region of residence.But apart from this, before you buy be sure to compare several different options, comparing their performance capabilities and safety for humans.

The proposed table summarizes the main characteristics of most of the building and insulating materials that can be used when converting a balcony in additional usable area of ​​the apartment.

Materials Thermal conductivity, W / m × ° C Density kg / m³. Operating temperature range, ° C Water vapor permeability mg / (m × h × Pa)
Polyurethane 0,025 40-60 -100 to +150 0,04-0,05
Extruded polystyrene 0,05 30-45 From - 50 to +75 0,015
Polyethylene foam 0,045 35 -60 to +90 0,001
foam 0,03 40-125 -50 to +75 0,23
Stone wool 0,047 35-150 -60 to+180 0,53
Fiberglass 0,056 15-100 -60 to +480 0,53
Reinforced 2,04 2500 0,03
Hollow brick 0,58 1400 0,16
wood (across the grain) 0,18 40-50 0,06

«dry» figures can already say a lot, but still need a closer look at the most commonly used insulation.And to begin with will be useful to deal with the criteria to be met by thermal insulation material for balcony ..

Criteria for selecting a heater

Article Contents

  • 1 Criteria for selecting a heater
  • 2 Styrofoam
    • 2.1 Extruded polystyrene
      • 2.1.1 Video: example of the balcony insulation extruded polystyrene
    • 2.2 usual foam
  • 3 Mineral wool
    • 3.1 Fiberglass
    • 3.2 Basalt(stone) wool
    • 3.3 Slag
  • 4 Keramzit
  • 5 Sprayable polyurethane
  • 6 Video: an integrated approach to the warming of the standard balcony flats

Since be warmed to be quite an unheated roomnot having thick walls, the following qualities of thermal insulation material must be provided:

  • it should have a low thermal conductivity - it will help keep the heat coming from the balcony or from the heated space heaters, not allowing him to leave the room quickly.

Naturally, the lower the thermal conductivity ratio, the more effective the insulation.

  • thermal conductivity index depends on the density - if it is high, then, means , can only dream of the good performance of thermal insulation.If the heater has a porous structure of the structure, the low thermal conductivity is achieved.
  • You must choose a heater with low water vapor permeability or, if in a different way to say, susceptibility to water absorption, since any moisture soaked material loses its insulating quality.
  • Insulation should be nonflammable or at least self-extinguishing.The packaging of flammability of a heater affixed symbols from T1 to T4.The number "1" is the minimum, and "4» - strong flammability of the material.

addition important to pay attention to emit smoke of burning insulation.This figure is marked by symbols D1 to D3.

Another important parameter from the category of fire is the speed of propagation of the flame chamber.On the package of insulation, this characteristic may be indicated by letters and numbers, from RP 1 to WP4 . RP1 means that the material does not become a carrier of the fire, and WP4 says the rapid spread of flame after ignition.

properly selected according to these criteria material may preserve the life and health of tenants of apartment, by any chance happen to fire.

  • ecological purity of the material is no less important for the health of people living in the apartment.Many modern insulation over time, begin to release hazardous substances to humans, which can cause various diseases.
  • durability of the material will affect the operating time insulated balconies without decoration.Keep in mind that some of the heaters tend to degrade over time.
  • necessary to take into account the complexity of installation material - of insulation technology can vary significantly.It is advisable to choose an option that will be easier to implement, especially if installation will be scheduled independently.

Sound insulation quality insulation will also be superfluous , as it will help to protect the apartment from the street or courtyard noise.

most commonly used materials for thermal insulation of different parts of the balcony - is mineral wool, expanded polystyrene in varying modifications, penofleks , expanded clay and others.

Styrofoam

Probably the most popular thermal insulation material in recent decades is a polystyrene, or as often it is called in common parlance - foam.They are insulated balconies and flat roofs and walls of houses as outside and inside.However, if it is so good for such purposes?To find out, you need to consider its characteristics more closely, so ka material, in addition to numerous positive qualities, has its significant "cons."

Polystyrene foam - one of the most popular insulation

Styrofoam - one of the most popular insulation

polystyrene may be a conventional foam and extruded.The characteristics of these types differ from each other, so do not think that it's practically the same thing.

Extruded polystyrene

Extruded styrofoam letters denote Epps and HRS .It differs from conventional foam manufacturing technology, which largely determines the quality of some of it.

Extruded polystyrene panels are usually attached to a particular shade

Panels extruded polystyrene is usually attached to a particular shade

Its positive characteristic features include:

  • Low water absorption, which allows the material to be almost always dry, and means , this quality would not lose him his basicpurpose - retain heat in the room.
  • Low thermal conductivity properly mounted extruded polystyrene give room balcony good protection from the cold.Even if the temperature of the walls of houses in - 25 degrees, the thermal conductivity of only 0.05 W / m × ° C .
Warming of the balcony panels of extruded polystyrene foam

Winterizing balcony panels extruded polystyrene

  • small proportion of the material facilitates its installation and rise on building height.The density extruded polystyrene is from 35 to 45 kg / m³.
  • resistance to compression and deformation Epps - much higher than conventional foam and it's great for warming a floor.The effort at a linear deformation of 10% is approximately 0,25 - 0,4 MPa , and flexural strength - from 0.4 to 1 MPa .
  • resistant inorganic solvents such as alkalis, acids and salts can be used for this coloring paint material made of water-based.
  • The material is characterized by a sufficiently high durability - can be estimated lifetime of 50 years or more, of course, with proper installation and closing of polystyrene UV skin or colored compositions.
  • When closed, the polystyrene is non-toxic and almost in the operation does not emit harmful substances, so without exposure to certain factors, it is completely safe.

TO "cons" include extruded polystyrene following its shortcomings:

  • Styrofoam insufficiently resistant to high temperatures and spikes - the upper limit at which it can lose its shape and predetermined performance - only about 75 degrees.
Although not active, but extruded polystyrene can still burn

Although not active, but extruded polystyrene can still burn

  • His markings are usually - T3 and T4. in class G3 material contains additives retardants , and this increases the cost of the insulation.If the packaging is the designation G4, that polystyrene has a high degree of flammability and is considered a heater Economy category.Burning polystyrene gives a strong smoke, and combustion products are very toxic, because they include a pair of formaldehyde and other harmful substances to health and life.
  • material has low paroprovodimost , that is, he is not breathing.Therefore, in areas that they are insulated, it is imperative to arrange good ventilation.
  • More one disadvantage can be regarded as a low resistance to solvents and adhesives manufactured on an organic basis.This quality must be considered when choosing compounds for insulation installation.Polystyrene can melt and dissolve from contact with the organic acids and alcohols and esters and hydrophobic solvents, so they do not contact plates Epps.Failure to do so may styrofoam eventually "swim" to shrink, and warming come to naught.
Video: example of the balcony insulation extruded polystyrene

usual foam

Most often still for insulation using conventional foam, since it has a lower price.However, one should remember that the price is almost always determines the quality of the material.The characteristics of this insulation is largely similar to the extruded polystyrene foam, but there are also significant differences.

A cheaper option - the usual panel of expanded polystyrene ( styrofoam )

A cheaper option - the usual panel of expanded polystyrene (styrofoam)

foam has a porous structure composed of 98% air and only 2% - of foamed polystyrene.Its structure is a single pellet having a size of 4 to 15 mm, are glued together during block manufacture.

Foam pellets in bulk

foam pellets in bulk

thickness of the material units may be between 20 and even up to 1000 mm and the size of the boards varies usually a multiple of 500 mm: 1000 × 500,1000 × 1000, 2000 × 1000 mm .

The advantages of a conventional foam include the following of its quality:

  • low thermal conductivity of the foam can be called its main advantage over many other heaters, including - and of extruded polystyrene foam.Normally this rate is around 0.03 W / m × ° With .It quality is achieved through highly porous structure, which is able to protect the room from the penetration of cold outside and keep the inside of the accumulated heat.
  • correctly installed Foam Art cn singularity protect the balcony from the wind and against the penetration of street sounds.
  • foam almost non-hygroscopic, as is able to absorb a minimal amount of moisture.This can be explained by the fact that the granules which overwhelmingly dominate the overall volume, fully sealed and do not absorb water - it can only seep into small channels between them.
foam panels between the joists and the guide battens on the balcony

foam panels between the joists and the guide battens on the balcony

  • Ease of installation and ease of lifting material on any floor of the building.The foam is easily installed and fixed on any surface, it is easy to cut and adjust to the desired size.
  • When conventional treatment (without the use of thermal cutting) the material does not emit any odors and harmful substances, so working with him do not need protection.
  • foam, as well as extruded polystyrene is resistant to aggressive alkaline or acidic medium, cement , lime and gypsum, salts and water-based paint.

The negative qualities of foam include:

  • Low fire resistance.Most often, this foam is marked as combustible material - T4.Less commonly, it is set weak combustibility G3 - in this case, the insulation is more expensive, as used in their manufacture retardants .If at all packaging not stamped designation flammability or material designated as completely non-combustible ( what can not be trusted), it is not necessary to purchase a foam, as known, what we can expect from him.
Burning foam is an extremely high risk of

Burning foam is an extremely high risk of

When burning Foam Art Space avitsya and drains, emphasizing very dangerous to humans gases, which can cause chemical and thermal burns of the respiratory system.In addition, with the smoke in the air allocated toxic substances which quickly lead to serious poisoning organism.

  • Manufactured by factory foam technology needs without losing its QUALITY in yderzhivat in temperatures up to + 75 degrees - the threshold, as you see, is not too high.
  • eventually foam begins to chemically decompose and release a significant amount of hazardous substances in the human space, which can penetrate even through brick walls.
  • Material should not be left open for a long time, since UV rays contribute to its rapid degradation.
  • material is exposed m m legged fluids such as turpentine, ethyl alcohol, acetone, petrol, etc. Coming into contact with these substances, the usual foam simply dissolves them.
  • foam, unlike the extruded polystyrene, can hardly be called a very durable material, so if they are insulated floor, then it needs additional strengthening in the form of wooden lag or concrete screed. Pinned on the wall, and then the steering decorative material, such insulation shall serve without loss of insulating qualities of the order of 15 ÷ 20 years.

Mineral wool

second on on popularity of a heater for a balcony room is a mineral wool, which has excellent thermal insulation qualities .There are several types of this material produced based on various raw materials, and they differ somewhat in some specifications.

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