How to insulate an attic

Most often in the construction of the house attic room at once conceived as residential, but sometimes it happens and so, that the idea to arrange it in room there is already in the process of construction of the attic.If the eaves are arranged at an angle of 35 ÷ 45 degrees, and raised high enough clearance under the loft cozy room begs itself. However , raises the question of how to insulate the attic to make it usable area not only in summer but also in winter.

rooms under the roof in the winter is always much colder than under it, as there is no reliable main walls that protect against low temperatures, as well as from the chilly winds.In the summer - on the contrary, eaves accumulate heat from the sun, and in the attic can be unbearably hot.Therefore it is necessary to exert much effort to acquire effective quality materials to achieve a perfect insulation of the attic.In addition, insulated attic will directly affect the preservation of a comfortable microclimate in the house.

Warming of the attic space can be produced in several ways and with different materials.

waterproofing under roof

In the case where the installation of the roof is made with regard all technological rules under roofing material should already be in the waterproofing layer.If this step was previously omitted, waterproofing all still need to perform to protect the insulation from falling on it leaked atmospheric moisture or condensation.Such waterproofing film made in the case, if the insulation of the roof ramps will be used mineral wool or polystyrene.The membrane or dense plastic film stretches or a web , or with overlapping not less than 200 mm is attached to the wooden structures roof brackets using the building stepplera .

However, if the rafters are not paved waterproofing material for thermal insulation it is possible to apply sprayed polyurethane foam.

Of course, in this case have to turn to the experts who are professionally engaged in this process of warming and have the necessary equipment to do so.But you can free yourself from all the worries of further on warming rays and get a thermal insulation layer, which does not require waterproofing, as itself tightly closes the inner surface of the roof and rafters.

materials for self-insulation of the attic

If waterproofing film on the rafters lay, then for further work you can use the following insulation materials:

• Mineral wool - is the most popular insulation, which is great in the parametersfor thermal insulation of a wooden roof system and roof of skates. mineral wool Jarraud - and moisture-resistant, has a very low thermal conductivity, durable, elastic, which is very convenient when performing assembly work.In addition, all kinds of mineral wool are excellent silencers and sound insulator .Sometimes, in order to strengthen the insulated effect, in combination with mineral wool used and sprayed polyurethane foam.This option is especially in demand in the conditions of northern regions with a cold climate.

Mineral wool is produced in different forms - in mats and rolls.It can also have a foil covering.Material with such a layer is placed inside the foil premises that happened reflection of accumulated heat back.

• Styrofoam (polystyrene) - known all insulation, affordable and easy to install.However, practice shows that often only one of this material is not enough to make the attic room is really warm , since he is not adjacent to the roof surface.

It can also be used in combination with sprayed insulation.In addition, conventional polystyrene foam (not extruded) nestoek to the fire and combustion emits toxic substances - this factor reflux Auger it is necessary to take into account when making a choice in favor of a heater.

• polyurethane foam can be sprayed in several layers , and have, in principle, any desired thickness, which is required for high-quality thermal insulation of the attic.When it solidifies, becomes sufficiently high density, easily attain to the level at rafters by cutting the excess foam. Sprayable priniknet material into all the cracks and closes them from drafts and rain penetration.Moreover, he still and gives roof structure and roof additional resistance to mechanical stress.

sprayed material is rapidly increasing in volume and freezes.Using it, you can do not only without waterproofing, but also without a vapor barrier, as this material in a frozen state is easy to cope with these problems - it does not delay the release for a couple, but at the same time - misses inside moisture.

Sprayable polyurethane foam can be used not only for warming rays of the attic and walls, but also for its floors.He was also sprayed between wooden construction details, in the case of this - between joists.

• Ecowool - is shredded material that is made from natural cellulose with appropriate additives.They are well insulate the spaces between the joists.For insulating walls crushed ecowool not ideal, as it has no pronounced adhesive properties such as polyurethane.However, there is a technology of wet glue spraying, but it certainly requires a sophisticated professional equipment.

In order to create the desired thickness of the layer of insulation, across girders arrange farm galvanized metal profile.The space between them is filled ecowool .This proce ss etc. Gadfly using special equipment - installation of compression through a special pipe shall pnevmoperedachu material under pressure from a hopper or mixer to a place of its installation.

Video: insulation of the attic with a set of materials ROCKWOOL

How to calculate your own desired thickness of insulation

is important not only competently choose a heating material - you need to know how thick it should be in order to fully protect the insulation of the attic space.At the same time, it should be, and from that point of view, not to overpay for unnecessary thick insulation, which, in fact, does not give any advantage and will only unnecessary material consumption.

Method of calculation defined by special documents - SNIP 23 - 02-2003 and SP 23 - 101-2004 «Designing thermal protection of buildings ».Its main principle - the total value of the thermal resistance of the building structure should not be below the estimates established for different climatic regions.These values ​​of thermal resistance (R) are summarized in a special table, but easier to use the card scheme.

Please note that the map shows the scheme for each individual region values ​​for walls, floors and coatings-all these elements have any attic.The roof, walls and floor of the attic are always multi-layered structure, and one of the layers and the insulation will perform.

total heat transfer resistance for the construction of n layers is:

R = R1 + R2 + ... Rn

very same thermal resistance equal to:

Rn = δ n / λ n

where δ n - is the thermal conductivity of the material, λ n - its thickness (in meters).

Since the insulation is considered as one of the layers, it is possible to calculate the thickness according to the formula:

δut = (R - 0,16 - δ1 / λ1 - δ2 / λ2 -δ n / λ n ) × λut

diagram of the gable wall, roof or attic floor for the master secret is not.Measurements of the thickness of each layer - is not the most difficult task.It remains to find the coefficients of thermal conductivity for each of the materials.You can use the attached table:

Calculated heat engineering performance of certain construction and thermal insulation materials
Material	material density in the dry state	Calculated coefficients for different conditions ekspluattsii
ω	λ	μ
A	B	A	B	A, B
λ - coefficient of thermal conductivity (W / (mFROM)); ω - weight ratio of moisture in the material ratio (%); μ - water vapor permeability coefficient (mg / (m · h · Pa)
A. Polymer
Styrofoam	150	1	5	0.052	0.06	0.05
same	100	2	10	0.041	0.052	0.05
same	40	2	10	0.041	0.05	0.05
Extruded polystyrene	25 ÷ 45	2	10	0.031	0.031	0.013
foam PHV1 and PV1	125	2	10	0.06	0.064	0.23
same	100 and less	2	10	0.05	0.052	0.23
Polyurethane	80	2	5	0.05	0.05	0.05
same	60	2	5	0.041	0.041	0.05
same	40	2	5	0.04	0.04	0.05
Thermal insulation products made of foam synthetic rubber "Aeroflex"	80	5	15	0.04	0.054	0.003
extruded polystyrene "Penoplex" type 35	35	2	3	0.029	0.03	0.018
same.type 45	45	2	3	0.031	0.032	0.015
B. Mineral wool, glass fiber
Mineral wool mattresses	125	2	5	0.064	0.07	0.3
same	100	2	5	0.061	0.067	0.49
same	75	2	5	0.058	0.064	0.49
mineral wool on synthetic binding	225	2	5	0.072	0.082	0.49
same	175	2	5	0.066	0.076	0.49
same	125	2	5	0.064	0.07	0.49
same	75	2	5	0.058	0.064	0.53
Plates soft, semi-rigid and rigid mineral wool on synthetic and bituminous binders	250	2	5	0.082	0.085	0.41
same	225	2	5	0.079	0.084	0.41
same	200	2	5	0.076	0.08	0.49
same	150	2	5	0.068	0.073	0.49
same	125	2	5	0.064	0.069	0.49
same	100	2	5	0.06	0.065	0.56
same	75	2	5	0.056	0.063	0.6
mineral wool increased rigidity in the organophosphate binding	200	1	2	0.07	0.076	0.45
Plates semirigid mineral starch binder	200	2	5	0.076	0.08	0.38
same	125	2	5	0.06	0.064	0.38
plates of glass staple fiber synthetic binding	45	2	5	0.06	0.064	0.6
Matsstrips of glass fiber batting	150	2	5	0.064	0.07	0.53
mats «URSA» glass staple fiber	25	2	5	0.043	0.05	0.61
same	17	2	5	0.046	0.053	0.66
same	15	2	5	0.048	0.053	0.68
same	11	2	5	0.05	0.055	0.7
plates of glass staple fibers «URSA»	85	2	5	0.046	0.05	0.5
same	75	2	5	0.042	0.047	0.5
same	60	2	5	0.04	0.045	0.51
same	45	2	5	0.041	0.045	0.51
same	35	2	5	0.041	0.046