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Welding - this is the most reliable connection non-detachable parts.In everyday life, it is widely used in the manufacture of fences with mesh-netting, greenhouse frames, stoves for baths and garages, or a variety of containers needed in suburban areas.The person owning the skills of welding, capable of creating on its plot real masterpieces openwork fences, canopies for roofs and other necessary things in everyday life.

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The unsubstantiated welding reliability: the basics of welding:

On the strength of creating permanent joints, welding is a leader.This is achieved by heating the alloys of different metals using an electric arc, which leads to plastic deformation of the materials used.Thus there is a mutual penetration of elementary particles in the electrode structure of the connected materials.The result is a molecular connection having ultrahigh strength.

Thanks to modern innovative technologies, now have the opportunity to use laser welding and electron beams, ultrasound and the flame of a gas burner.But for welding in a domestic environment still remains the most optimal arc welding power source to create an electric arc welding machines which are of different types, including inverters.

Before you weld

welding methods

The following welding methods:

• Gazopressovaya , using atsetilkisloroda flame.Advantages of this type of welding in the performance.Therefore, it is widely used in the oil and gas industry, particularly in building pipelines for transport of oil and gas, as well as in mechanical engineering.
• Contact , carried out by an electric current having a relatively low voltage at a sufficiently high current strength.This method includes the following types: butt welding, seam and spot.

In addition, in some cases, a roller and electroslag welding, friction and termites, as well as a number of other species.

Choosing the right equipment

If you choose to master the technique of welding work, you need welding equipment.You can rent or buy.Currently outlets offer welding machines equipped with a device enabling them to increase or decrease the current.Fans do everything with their own hands, can make welding machine from scrap vehicles.In any case, you will need one of the following converters of electric energy:

1. transformer to convert AC mains electricity supply in the current required for welding.Choosing a unit of this type, be aware that the cheapest models will not be able to provide the necessary stability of the electric arc.They are characterized by "prosazhivanie" voltage.Moreover, they are too heavy.
2. Rectifier.This device, which converts the alternating electric current supplied to the consumer in a permanent network.Unlike transformers, these units provide sufficient stability of the electric arc, which in turn increases the quality of the weld.
3. inverter.It converts AC household power, the desired constant, with the necessary voltage for the high-quality welding.This unit is compact and light weight, ease of ignition, fast action and high productivity.

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** Recommendation. The most efficient of these devices is considered to be the inverter, characterized in efficiency and performance.

welder Jobs dangerous burns and harmful gases

How to choose the right welding electrodes

For the most common, arc welding electrodes are required, which are intended to summarize the current to the welding seam.In most cases, it is - a wire consisting of a special powder melting.But for those who are first confronted with the welding work, it is better to use the electrodes, in the form of solid rods coated consumable composition.They enable even novice users to issue a smooth seam.The optimum diameter of the rod electrode for this category of welders - 3 mm.The electrodes of smaller diameter are used to connect thin sheets of metal, for use

packaging of welding electrodes

electrodes larger diameter must be more powerful equipment.

safety of welding (welding equipment)

Welding works are accompanied by a bright light emission and a lot of splashing of hot metal.Therefore, the welder must take care of protecting your skin and eye burns.For these purposes require a special shield and mask.But it is not only the face and the eyes need to be protected.Hand skin is exposed to burns from melting metal spray flying in more.Therefore, mittens from canvas or suede - a necessary means of ensuring security.Ideal - the existence coat or overalls made of thick canvas or rubberized fabric.

welding mask to protect eyes from burns and loss of vision

In order to ensure fire safety in the field of welding to be a container of water or other means to protect against fire in contact with a random sparks.Step by step instructions

perform welding

1. welded surfaces should be carefully protected.It should be dirt and rust.
2. Before performing welding work, you must insert the electrode holder for welding machine and create an electric arc.To do this, cause current flow in the welding zone.To carry out this process can be, struck a rod electrode metal or by touching the surface of the workpiece to them in the form of rapping.
3. As soon as the electric arc, it is necessary to create a gap between it and the bonding surfaces.This gap must be constant and in the range from 3 to 5 mm.

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** Recommendation.To obtain a smooth seam with no defects, it is necessary that the clearance is maintained constant at all times during the welding operations.Otherwise, the arc is interrupted, resulting in deterioration of the quality of the weld.

1. angle of the rod should be 70 ?.But it can be changed, in order to ensure the comfort of welding works.
2. Equally important is the stability of the flow of electric current.Keep in mind that too much of it will cause the power of metal penetration and low arc quenching occurs.

Once you have mastered the technique of execution of the weld bead in the form, you can proceed directly to the implementation of permanent joints.Work begins with the creation of the arc.Then, the welder moves to the direct connection details.However, his arm should oscillate from one element to another.Weld (movement trajectory) may be configured as a herringbone, hinges, zigzag, etc.At the end of the work necessary to clean up the seam formed by the slag.

Once you have mastered the basic skills of welding work, you can go to perform more complex operations, making T-joints and butt, as well as overlap and angle, moving in different directions.As soon as the hand will get confidence, you can start making more complex products.

Various options of welding joints

Video - manual arc welding for beginners