Reinforcement monolithic slabs with their hands

reception reinforcement is ubiquitous in almost all areas of construction.With its use make steps for stairs, porch made of concrete, solid slabs for floors.The essence of the reinforcement is an organic combination of different materials into a single unit.For example, the reinforcement and the concrete.Concrete inherently possesses very high strength, but too brittle fracture.The metal part of the valve, is elastic.Therefore, the combination of these two materials create a certain synergy that is significantly better properties of concrete and concrete or more useful properties of the metal alone.Reinforced concrete can withstand such vibrations and oscillations, which never will take normal concrete.By its nature acts as reinforcement for certain skeleton of concrete products, because without it, it would just crumbled to pieces at the first load.

What you need to know about the reinforcement overlaps

To apply concrete reinforcement reinforcing steel bar.Its thickness varies from 8 to 14 mm in thickness and 150 mm plate.when buying a ready-made slabs must take into account the fact that they are produced on continuous plants, ribbed and hollow.The most popular is the last option.This is due to the fact that due to the voids in the concrete monolith, such plates have a relatively low weight, excellent heat insulation performance, poor sound transmission, as well as good withstand deformation.

Produce slabs of heavy concrete stamps.Their standard dimensions are characterized by three variables: length - 4, 5 or 6 m, thickness - 140, 180 or 220 mm, load capacity - 150, 190 or 230 kg / m2.

It should be understood that the purchased slabs for laying always form the joints, which can be staggered, which adversely affects the smoothness of the surface formed by them.If the produce reinforcement monolithic slabs with their hands, then we get a uniform and smooth surface without joints.

What are the possibilities of reinforcing

Application constructions of reinforced concrete not only insulate the building, but also to accelerate the process to a large extent its construction.A relatively small weight plate with reinforcement reduces the load on the foundation.The very same construction is obtained sufficiently strong and can withstand not only a long and considerable tension, but also a serious impact fire.In case of fire, reinforced concrete floor slabs keep the building for an hour at a time, as wooden crumbling after 25 minutes.

Using monolithic slabs with reinforcement makes it possible to erect buildings and structures of any degree of complexity.With their help, you can easily enough to correct the geometric characteristics of the premises, as well as create custom overlap, both in size and form.Since the supports for such plates are not only the walls of the building, but also a variety of arches with columns, layout possibilities are increasing significantly.

How can own hands to make a monolithic slab

overlap in the construction literature can be found a very simple formula, using which it is easy to calculate the thickness of the slab.Take the span length and divide it by 30. The result is the optimum thickness of the future board.Classical circuit boards involves placing reinforcement rods operating on the upper and lower parts of the plate.It distributes the load across the valve and stops of the rod.When the plate thickness of less than 80 mm, it is not enough to use the reinforcing rod, and wire mesh.Only need to make sure that she was inside the monolith.To this end, the net is raised 2.3 cm above the poured surface.

Reinforcing rod between a tie or fasten wire welding.The first method is faster and more convenient.To bind using a special hook that can be made independently, and can be purchased at the store.In the case where the thickness of the plate assumes about 150 mm or even more, it is required to make two reinforcement layers.Layers make of each other, bonded together by jumpers.The size of the resulting cells should range from 150 to 200 mm.For normal strength independent manufacturing floor slabs should use a rod with the same cross-section.To further increase the strength, reinforcement bars can be tied in length from 40 to 150 mm for the main structure.

load distribution occurs on the entire structure so that the main share is in its bottom layer reinforcement.The upper layer is exposed to compressive effects like concrete.Reinforcement is made by pouring concrete into the formwork for the entire surface of the slab.

In general, the process of creating a concrete slab is divided into three components: the installation of the formwork, reinforcement and concrete pouring.Consider them all.

Create

shuttering formwork for pouring monolithic slab resembles a horizontal "deck" of a special water-resistant plywood, thickness is 18-25 mm or nailed together tightly edged board thickness of 40 mm.Install it on reliable support beams of timber (80-100h100 mm) placed horizontally.

squared horizontal beams supported by sturdy uprights, which are ready, a special (telescopic) or prepared independently from a single timber 100x100 mm, round timber having a diameter of 80-100 mm, and durable metal tube or a channel.

to determine the material requirements for the construction of the formwork, you need to calculate the area of ​​all floors and its thickness.The latter is from 10 to 20 cm, depending on the kind and width of the passage at the planned future operational load.The strength of the formwork must be such as to withstand the weight of the concrete and of the reinforcement without any deformation in it which will walled.When the thickness of the overlap of 20 cm, the weight of the resulting plate is about 500 kg per m2.The surface of the formwork is best done from the usual or laminated 20-mm plywood.When used with a laminated coating plywood you get perfectly smooth ceiling does not require a large amount of finishing work.The height of the installation of the formwork is determined using leveling or building level.To do this, beat off a horizontal line, which should correspond to the height of the future overlap on the perimeter of the entire flight.

When using telescopic racks they are installed in the first place on the edges, using a tripod and univilki (crown).On racks mounted to the longitudinal direction of the beam at a distance of 2 m. Only then can you set the intermediate rack.You do not have to do all of the tripod.Typically, this structure is sufficient to provide 30 - 40% of the racks.The distance between the intermediate supports made of calculating the thickness and covering power racks themselves.Averaging on the same rack with the load 900 - 1200 kg should be allocated no more than 1 m2 of formwork.

concrete slabs If you decide to use a homemade rack, their length should match the height of installation of the lower part of the longitudinal beams.Install a homemade rack in increments of 1 m on a solid foundation or thick cutting board with sufficient space.The longitudinal transverse sleepers are placed at a distance from each other of 0.5 m, and they are stacked on top of a thick plywood sheets.The upper surface of the structure is required to be strictly horizontal and meet the pre-recorded levels.

When applied to the top of the formwork edging boards, they should be aligned closely and placed them on top of thick plastic sheeting or roofing material.The entire perimeter of the plank shuttering mounted rim of uniform height corresponding to the thickness of the slab.In the corners it is necessary to securely connect.

How to make your own concrete slab reinforcement

Steel A3 rebar grade produced by hot rolling.It is from 8 to 14 mm in diameter with a smooth or ribbed surface.It is best suited for independent creation of monolithic reinforced slab.The first grid is mounted at the bottom of the intended plate and the second respectively the top.The formwork should be set so that both the grid plate located inside the monolith.The distance from the top of the grid to the surface should be at least 2 cm. The mesh reinforcement to communicate binding wire form with sides of 200 or 150 mm mesh.Today there are special machines for mating fittings, but you can do it and the usual hand-crocheting.

use the welding machine is only advisable if you know him well controlled as inept actions may lead to thinning of the bars in the welding field, which will necessarily lead to the destruction.Across-the-grid length of breaks should be, so the failure rods length, they should increase the overlap of at least 50 cm. In this case, all the joints need to be placed in a checkerboard pattern.For all edges in mesh associated U-shaped figure.Flex rods need only when absolutely necessary, without heating.metal Perekalivanie violates its internal structure, which may lead to fracture of the rod.In those places where it is assumed the additional load, reinforced with a special regime with additional rods.When reinforcing and should take into account the places where are the utilities.If possible, they better just leave the hole by inserting the tube section.Especially requires strengthening the entire area of ​​support on the walls and columns.In the latter case the gain must be voluminous.

Pouring concrete mix

After all mesh reinforcement is connected, you can start to fill it.To do this it is best to use a concrete pump.If the same amount of work is not very large, it is possible to cope without him.In this case, you will need at least two assistants, who will mix the concrete in the mixer and lift it to you to fill.In the process of filling the concrete formwork solution need to periodically seal the mixture.It is best suited for this special construction vibrator, but failing this you can just sometimes rhythmically tapping with a hammer on the formwork or open portions of wire mesh.

During curing there is a significant shrinkage of concrete, that the accelerated drying process can lead to the appearance of cracks.In connection with this for several days flooded the stove should be watered with water, especially in hot weather.However, you need to know that the water is sprayed from a hose with a sprinkler nozzle or watering can, as a direct jet can damage the surface of the concrete is still not grasp.Sometimes to avoid the appearance of cracks at the lowest layer is put a special polymer network and the rest of the construction is already constructing on top of it.In other cases, the polymer network is used as the primary reinforcement member.This is done where it is impossible to build a reinforcement of twigs and even wire.

Full hardening concrete will occur not earlier than 3 - 4 weeks.Until that time, it is not necessary to carry out any work on the site and dismantle the formwork.After this period the formwork is dismantled, and it turns out concrete floor slab, which is a rough ceiling for rooms underneath.even curved ceilings of any configuration can be created this way.

During the construction of your own home or cottage it is possible to create your own concrete slab with reinforcement inside.This design is much more reliable and more durable than wood, but it is only to build on solid concrete or brick walls.Use as a wall material or wood-concrete blocks exclude this possibility, as such walls can not withstand the weight of the concrete slab.