Build Daily

Walls And Ceiling

August 12, 2017 18:06

Plastering the walls with his own hands

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well-plastered walls always look very aesthetically pleasing and tidy, but to achieve such results need to do enough laborious work.

Plastering the walls with his own hands

plaster walls with their hands

plaster walls with his own hands can be performed in the event that the novice master thoroughly examine the , how is this process understand that its conduct is necessary, and will understand the basics of this technologyoperation.

However, to perform quality plastering of the walls, are not only theoretical knowledge, but also at least little practice in this work.Therefore, if you have no experience in plastering "manipulation", you need to start to try their hand at a small section of the wall.Through such training, can be even a little "get hand» in the outline of the solution and its leveling.

This experience will come in handy not only the owners of private houses, but also owners of apartments in high-rise buildings because, unfortunately, even in panel houses walls, often , need serious enough alignment.

material for plastering

Article Contents

  • 1 material for plastering
    • 1.1 walls of brick
    • 1.2 Concrete wall
    • 1.3 walls of foam
  • 2 Preparations
    • 2.1 Sealing cracks
    • 2.2 Preparation brick wall
    • 2.3 How to prepare a concrete wall
    • 2.4 Preparing wooden wall
    • 2.5 Putting beacons
  • 3 Technique plastering
    • 3.1 Video: how to plastered brick wall

plaster mix for the walls is selected depending on from which lined the walls of the building.In addition, it takes into account the conditions, which will be held work - inside or outside the structure.

It is important to know how to select the solution for specific conditions

important to be able to choose the right solution for the specific conditions

walls of brick

  • walls derived from the brick, usually plastered mixtures, made on the basis of cement , sometimes - witha small addition of lime to give more plasticity.Lime is added, and if the work is carried out in a room with high humidity or outside buildings.
On the brick walls, usually include plaster , cement-base

On the brick walls, usually applied plaster, cement-base

  • on the brick wall layer of plaster is applied, which should not exceed 30 mm.Thus it is necessary to take into account the fact that if the thickness of the coating will be more than 20 mm, under the plaster on the wall necessarily attached mesh-netting for reinforcement and retention mixture on the surface.
  • for mixing cement-based solution should be taken ingredients based proportions of 1 part cement and 3 ÷ 4 parts sifted clean sand.These raw materials are mixed with water to a thick consistency, but it is taken into account and that the mixture must be plastic.If
  • made cement-lime mixture, it will take 1 part cement, 1 ÷ 2 lime putty and 5 ÷ 7 parts of sand.First, the sand is mixed with cement, then the dry mix is ​​added diluted to the consistency of milk of lime, and mixed together until smooth.When a too dense structure is allowed (but not encouraged) adding a small amount of water.
  • If walls fixed facing brick, then plaster it will be more difficult because it has a smooth surface.It is likely that the mixture will roll down from the wall, or even fall off pieces - sometimes in such a situation does not help even the reinforcing mesh.Therefore, a special primer compositions professional and well-chosen reinforcing mesh required for such a surface.This work is best left to qualified professionals who know what materials will be optimal for a given surface, and a good command of the technology is applied to a "difficult" surfaces.

Concrete wall

  • If the concrete surface is smooth, the it is necessary to prepare using a primer with the addition of quartz inclusions, which will give the wall required for reliable retain the roughness of plaster.The cement mortar is added to the wall gypsum powder, which greatly enhances the adhesion mixture with the wall.
Plastering concrete wall

Plastering concrete wall

  • In addition, for such a surface often used lime-plaster solution, where applicable proportion of 3 ÷ 4 part lime and 1 part gypsum.Proce ss etc. Flow Chart of this mixture takes place in the following order: gypsum is mixed with water quickly - weight should not be slushkom thick in her poured mortar and then all kneaded until uniform.
  • If the concrete wall is rough, it does not require complex preparation, special treatment or special formulations for her coming reflux raditsionnye cement or gypsum plasters. Nevertheless , before applying the plaster on the wall, it is recommended to soak primer deep penetration « Betonokontakt ».

walls of foam

When applying the plaster on foamed concrete reinforcing mesh - obligatory

When applying plaster on foamed concrete reinforcing mesh - obligatory

  • walls of foam concrete blocks before plastering is required to be treated with primer-impregnated deep penetration .If necessary, the wall is fixed reinforcing fiberglass mesh - "serpyanka".
  • for these walls are used as a plaster solution, and cement.

choosing compositions for leveling walls, you need to approach this issue with all the responsibility.This is required for comfortable work on plastering, for good adhesion and wall solutions for the qualitative performance of the task - the maximum long life plastered walls.

In the variety of construction dry mixes it is not difficult to get confused .Carefully read the instructions!

The variety of construction dry mixes easy to get confused.Carefully read the instructions!

should be noted that at the present time in DIY stores represented a very large number of pre-mixes on different bases and designed for different surfaces.It is very convenient - in the preparation of formulations will not have to wrestle with the definition and dosing proportions of its ingredients , as it can simply dilute the mixture with water to the consistency shown on the packaging.

When selecting or independent manufacturing plaster structure, you can use the following tables:

Table 1. Main characteristics of the finished plaster mixtures

index standards for brands Test methods
pin dissolved 10/90 leveling mortar PM 35/95 pin dissolved 50/50 pin dissolved 65/35 finishing solution Fine Cote PM 50/50 Caulking Caulking Thermon forblocks
Recommended layer thickness in mm 3 ÷ 5 5 ÷ 15 5 ÷ 15 5 ÷ 15 3 ÷ 10 2 ÷ 10 3 ÷ 10 TUClause 1.2
Recommended water flow l / 25kg 3,5 ÷ 4 3,5 ÷ 4 3,5 ÷ 4 3,5 ÷ 4 4 ÷ 5 5,5 ÷ 6 6 ÷ 7 TU item 1.2
Expected compressive strength in MPa at least 16 8 4 2 4 6 20 GOST5802-86
Estimated flexural strength in MPa at least 2 2 1 1 1 3 3 GOST 5802-86
adhesion with a base inMPa no less than 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.5 GOST 5802-86
average density solution kg / m 3 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 GOST 8735-88
RN 12 ÷ 13 12 ÷ 13 12 ÷ 13 12 ÷ 13 12 ÷ 13 12 ÷ 13 12 ÷ 13 TU item 1.2

Table 2. Recommended proportions for some plastering compositions

Features wall surfaces solution composition
lime (sand, gypsum, cement) complex (cement, sand, gypsum, lime) cement-sand lime plaster
In rooms with normal humidity
brick, concrete, stone 1: 4;3: 1;2: 1 1: 1: 6 1: 0.3: 4 * -
Wooden - - - 1: 1 ÷ 1.5 ÷ 2 ÷ 25
for rooms with high humidity and for outdoor
brick, concrete, stone - 1: 1: 4 1: 3 -
Wooden 1: 1: 6 1: 4 -
* Note - 0.3 mortar of lime is added for plasticity.
Note: The mobility solution should be at a mechanized application 60 ÷ 80 mm, when applied manually 70 ÷ 80 mm

Preparations

Before starting the plastering work is necessary to make the arrangements for the cleaning of wallsthe old finishing materials.This is to ensure that the plaster is well laid down and rested on the surface of the wall - with it should be removed everything to the ground.The walls, lined with different materials, require an individual approach to their cleaning.

If, after cleaning the walls they show up the cracks, they must be repaired, or laid on top of them can be cracked plaster in the same place.

Sealing cracks

discovered cracks should be repaired necessarily , and this process is carried out in different ways, depending on the width and prevalence available defects.

  • If the width differences crack is small, but obviously , that she goes into the depths of the wall, the first, that to do - it expand its , and free access to the narrowest part in the thickness of the material.
Expansion of cracks on the wall surface ...

Expansion cracks on the surface of the wall ...

Next, the resulting gap must be cleaned of dust by a brush and richly primed.

... With their subsequent incorporation

... with their subsequent incorporation

After drying penetrating structure, the crack is sealed putty, cement or gypsum-based with a spatula, level with the surface of the wall.

  • If the crack is very narrow and not deep , then it can be repaired sealant or silicone.They fill the gap with the help of the attached to the cylinder with the composition of the thin nozzle-spout, which is sent deep into the cracks.
Very narrow gaps can be repaired with sealant

Very narrow gaps can be repaired with sealant

  • to seal a very wide cracks are often used and foam, which can be filled in the gaps, even without waiting for the complete drying of the primer.

Completely foam polymerization, its excess, speaking for the level of the surface of the wall, cut off, and then you can move on to the following processes for on dgotovke to plaster works.

Preparation brick wall

  • If the walls of the brick has been previously imposed not thick layer of old plaster, its should be wet with water and a sponge, drawing moisture several times - so it will be easier to keep upfrom the surface.
Chipping old plaster with brick wall

Spalling old plaster from a brick wall

  • Then, using a spatula, having a thickness of the metal working surface 1,5 ÷ 2 mm, and a hammer, a plaster layer must be carefully removed.

To do this, one of the first sections of the wall with a hammer rattles.Then after cracks appeared delaminated from bumps picks plastering trowel . If necessary, he tapped the handle of a hammer, separating layers of plaster from the wall.

  • purged the wall need to walk rail brush or sander with the appropriate nozzle.
  • Further, the joints between the bricks need a little deepen - 5 ÷ 7 mm to plaster came into them, and from this get the best adhesion to the wall.
  • After that, the wall is cleaned with a soft brush , and then - damp sponge.
  • final preparatory step is to coat the walls with primer deep penetration in two layers.The second layer is applied after the full drying of the first .

How to prepare a concrete wall

smooth concrete wall clear of a plaster or whitewash easier than brick, since it usually lasts less plaster.

  • whitewash can be thoroughly wet with a sponge and clean off the iron brush , and then the wall surface rinse well.
  • If you do not want to plant moisture, can proceed in another way: first to cover a thick layer of whitewash paste and allow it to dry and then clean off whitewash or a thin layer of hard plaster spatula.
Notches on the wall to improve adhesion to the surface of the plaster composition

incisions on the wall will improve the adhesion of the plaster to the surface composition

  • On the cleaned surface is recommended to make a shallow incision.It should be noted that this process - not of light, so have to make considerable efforts.But to ignore it - not follows.
  • can replace the application of a simpler method cuts - primed wall deep penetration of the composition with the addition of pure quartz sand fines.But sometimes this method may not work, so it is best to conduct an experiment on a small section of the wall, put it on her the ground and waiting for its complete drying.Next, the wall is necessary to hold your hand, check it roughness.If it is palpable, hence the plaster will keep her well.But the sand with flake from the wall should not.

Preparing wooden wall

  • With wooden surface to clean off the old plaster is quite simple.Wall obstukivayut hammer, and stucco itself flies to the floor, so recommended to the wall in advance to lay a polyethylene film .Then, after removing the plaster film with chipped construction debris can be immediately taken out of the room, without stretching cleaning for a long time and not hydrating mud through the house.
  • To plaster is well kept on a wooden surface, on her stuffed thin slats - the so-called shingles.Their packed diagonal wall by means of nails.Shingles will not only keep the good plaster, but also serve as beacons in the alignment of its surface.
Дранка на деревянной стене - отличная "арматура" для штукатурки

shingles on a wooden wall - perfect "fitting" for plaster

  • If after wall cleaning of old plaster was discovered that on surface mounted old shingles, its it is necessary to remove, as of
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