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August 12, 2017 18:06

Bricks made ​​of clay with his hands : build a house of adobe bricks

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brick of clay and straw, or adobe brick - environmentally friendly building material, often used for the construction of buildings in hot and dry climates.Basis for adobe bricks - a mixture of clay, sand, straw and water, thoroughly vymeshennaya until smooth.From the very form of bricks and dried naturally in the sun at first, then under ventilated shelter.

Bricks made ​​of clay with their hands

bricks out of clay with their hands

Structures of this brick does not have a high thermal conductivity and water resistance, but, nevertheless, are widely used in the southern regions with low rainfall due to a comfortable temperature indoors in the summer heat.Adobe bricks can be done by hand, without the use of any machinery.How to make bricks out of clay and straw, covered in this article.

material for adobe bricks

As mentioned above, adobe brick consists of four components:

  • Clay;
  • Sand;
  • Straw;
  • water.

proportions of components investigated empirically and depends largely on the quality of the clay, which can be found in the vicinity of the construction site.Construction clay is almost never found in nature in pure form and has a certain percentage of impurities, typically sand.Depending on the fat content of the clay is added to it sieved river sand in the desired quantities.

Clay can dig up where it is extracted potters and builders.If the site clay soil, you can use the soil excavated from the foundation pit.Prepared for the adobe bricks clay should not contain any impurities, debris, stones.If you prepare in advance a large number of clay, you can put it in the herd, cover with foil and leave be aged - this will only improve its quality.

coarse sand requires optimally - with a grain size of 1 mm.Silty sand for the manufacture of bricks are not suitable.The sand must be dried and sieved, remove it from stones, debris, roots, and other inclusions.Straw

any good: wheat, rye, barley, while it should be dry, with no trace of rot.It is better to use fresh straw.

Water - the last component of the mixture of sun-dried bricks, but no less important.Its purity depends on the strength of the brick, because the water containing acid salts leads to its rapid degradation.Optimally taking fresh water from the well and the well, without chemical additives and impurities.

How to determine the proportions of the components?To do this, take one part by volume of clay and sand, carefully mix them with the addition of water and knead the solution, similar in consistency to the dough.From the size of the solution roll a ball with a tennis ball and put it in the sun for an hour.After that, drop it on a flat surface from a height of one and a half meters.Under optimal proportions of clay and sand ball should keep in shape.If the ball is flattened without cracking, it is necessary to increase the amount of sand if crumbled - reduced.

form bricks

Forming adobe bricks is carried out in wood, metal or plastic forms, representing a box without a bottom with one or more cells of the desired shape.Independently easiest way to make a wooden form of planed boards 24-36 mm thick.

Form for the production of bricks

form for the manufacture of bricks

determine the necessary size of a brick, perform a drawing shape on which make cutting boards.Battened on the screws in three or four places at each junction.The number of bricks in the shape can be any, depending on the brick size and the shape should not be too heavy.Along the edges of it must be equipped with handles for easy moving.

walls form should be easily cleaned of adhering cob - a solution for molding bricks.To this end, they carry out smooth and the corners carefully customized.When using the form without a bottom molding surface of the site must be flat, dry, and it is necessary to fill the surface layer of straw to prevent the adhesion of bricks during drying.If the weather is unstable, and the chance of rain, the area should be covered with tarpaulin.

brick manufacturing technology of clay and straw

  1. Dig a hole for mixing adobe.The depth of the pit - 30-50 cm of its walls must be almost precipitous, and the bottom - flat.No holes or foreign objects, stones, garbage.Pit veiled waterproof material, such as a tarp or awning cloth with the edges of the material have to go beyond the edge of the pit at 30-50 cm

    Digs a pit for mixing adobe

    digs a pit for mixing adobe

  2. Into the pit pour water -. Approximately 1/3its depth, and then slowly poured sand and clay in a selected ratio.Mixing traditional produce legs, stretching and mixing the components, for better mixing of the layers can be gently lift the edge of the tarpaulin.In the process of mixing the liquid should get a clay-sand mortar, smooth and without lumps.Knead adobe better together, holding hands - so less likely to slip and fall.

    Fall asleep sand and clay

    Fall asleep sand and clay

  3. in the resulting solution was gradually added straw, mixing it with clay.If you add a straw before it will float on the surface of the water do not mix.The straw is added to the consistency of the adobe-like thick, but the dough.The hole should be left puddles of water, drying the solution and should not be allowed.

    The ready solution add straw

    The ready solution add straw

  4. Vymeshenny adobe pitchfork or shovel or wheelbarrow loaded into the stretcher and delivered to the molding area.Wettable, put in place dry bricks and filled with ready adobe top, removing the excess flat object, such as a board.

    We spread our mixture into molds to create bricks

    Puts our mixture into molds to create bricks

  5. slightly rattle shaped wall and gently remove it by holding the handles on both sides.If the form is large, it should be done alone.You can hands gently squeeze out a brick from the top, if it is stuck to the walls and not go out.

    We took out a brick from the mold

    We took out a brick from the mold

  6. form before the next batch is purified from adobe, moisten with water and set next to the brick so that left space for blowing them with air.

    Dry the bricks outdoors

    dry the bricks outdoors

  7. Subsequent party do the same way.One day a team of 4-5 people can do about 100-200 bricks, while the volume of mixing adobe should be such as to have time to form bricks, preventing it drying.Divorced solution loses some strength.

    A batch of bricks of clay and straw

    Ready batch of bricks of clay and straw

  8. rows of bricks to dry naturally for 2-7 days, the drying time depends on temperature and humidity.Then they fold under the canopy in the stack, where it was stored prior to construction.
    Finally dried bricks roofed

    finally dried bricks roofed

Construction of adobe bricks

adobe bricks of clay and straw - an environmentally friendly material in the houses of it is always easy to breathe, did not prevail against heat and humidity.This material is cheap and available to anyone who is not afraid to get dirty hands and feet.

The technology of construction of adobe bricks

Construction technology of mud brick

disadvantages of adobe bricks are its low ability to retain heat and low gidrostoykost, and decorative properties he is not the best.In humid climates the building of adobe bricks quickly absorb moisture, deform and start to crumble.To avoid this, the external walls of the house can be finished with the usual clay fired brick and internal - to protect the vapor barrier.In this case, the house of the self-made brick will stand much longer.

The house is made ​​of mud and straw

house made of mud and straw

Lay adobe brick clay solution on the sand in the proportions chosen for the manufacture of bricks, but without the addition of straw.First row necessarily separated from the waterproofing of the foundation.Corners and wall joints reinforce reinforcing mesh.Adobe bricks can not bear point loads, so the beams and floors are laid with the redistribution of load on the wall.Under these rules the house of adobe bricks will serve you faithfully for decades.

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