Surface pumps for wells - varieties and tips on choosing

Surface pumps have been used in private homes water supply systems.They are used for lifting water from shallow - no more than 8 meters, and to maintain a constant water pressure in the water.continuous water supply systems in cottages performed using surface pumps.Surface pumps are also used to irrigate the plants.

The main difference between the surface and submersible pumps from skvazhnyh is that the pump itself is installed in any suitable location, and the suction hose or tube is lowered to the water source.This is convenient for suburban areas with no permanent residence, because thanks to its small size and weight of a surface pump can be quickly installed and disconnected from the water supply system.

Type of surface pumps and their device

Surface pumps are of two types:

• Vortex;
• Centrifugal.

Vortex pumps are low cost and compact, require little space for installation.They have a simple design: a motor located within the housing, for transmitting rotation of the shaft which in turn rotates the wheel with blades.At the entrance to set filter to retain sand and other fine particles.Pump motor transmits rotational energy of the liquid entering at inlet port, and compression due to the water within the pump increases its output pressure therefrom.

The advantages of vortex pumps include their small size, the ability to install in a confined space, the ability to raise the pressure to significant values ​​compared to centrifugal pumps of the same capacity.Vortex pumps have the ability to self-priming, it eliminates the need for filling the feeding tube before starting work.Disadvantages - low efficiency, not more than 0.45, and that no liquid transfer with a large number of inclusions, leading to rapid failure of the blades and the inner wheels.This feature does not allow the use vortex pumps for lifting water from ponds and wells, especially with sand and silt bottom.Vortex pumps are used to pressurize the system and pumping water from the water storage tanks.

centrifugal pumps can be used to a depth of 9 meters.On your device, centrifugal surface pumps are generally similar to the vortex, the difference is that the fluid motion is not by raising their paddles, and due to centrifugal forces.

to increase the depth of suction centrifugal pumps use embedded or external ejectors.Their purpose - pumping air from the fluid system before switching on and during operation of the centrifugal pump and pressure rise.External ejectors efficiently built, these are set directly after the bottom valve at the water intake source and increase the pressure in the system.

Advantages of centrifugal pumps - small size and weight, the ability to work in the presence of air pockets in the system.This feature is used to provide a private water supply and water intake from shallow wells and wells.Centrifugal pumps have a higher price than the vortex, and the greater the number of stages.

Application and features of use

As mentioned, surface pumps are widely used in private homes water supply systems.This type of pump is not designed for the pumping of liquids and other corrosive environments.Suction hose should be provided with strainer and check valve.

pump installation place should be selected based on the operating conditions, at the same time bear in mind that the larger the length of the supply network, the lower the efficiency of the pump.Installation should follow the recommendations of the passport on the pump with respect to depth.The calculation should take into account that every four meters horizontally laid pipes correspond meters deep.

If the pump will be used in cold weather, the inlet and outlet of the system, as well as the need to insulate the pump itself.The best solution, widely used in water supply systems - installation of the pump in the caisson - a recess with a lid for the service.Pipes at the same time laid in the ground, at a depth of not less than 1.5 m.

Pump selection

to the surface of the pump selection should be approached from the point of view in water pressure needs.So, enough performance to 1 cubic meter per hour to ensure that the needs of the suburban area.And for the needs of the domestic water supply system for a family of 3 people need a pump with pumping 3 cubic meters per hour.

also necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the execution body.Pumps in plastic weigh significantly less than comparable models in steel or cast iron housing.But they are less durable, so the choice of the pump must be done taking into account the place of installation and the maximum temperature of the pumped water.

For continuous water supply system may be provided as the storage tank and for the protection, install a pressure switch in the system, switch off the pump when water cut.

Also, you will be useful to check which pump svkazhiny choose, how to choose fecal pump and how to select a pump for the well.