Mauerlat for gable roof with his hands

mauerlat - a special zone is placed around the perimeter of the upper end of the outer supporting structure of the walls and for fixing rafters.Wood is a traditional material for making this element truss system, but if you installed a metal frame under the roof, then as mauerlat may be stacked and rolled metal - I-beams, channels or profiles.

mauerlat for gable roof with his hands set is relatively easy - for this there are a number of different technologies.But it should be remembered that the more reliable it will be fixed on the wall, the longer will be the life of the whole structure truss system.

Purpose mauerlat

mauerlat serves to securely link the box of the house and the roof structure and roof.Moreover, it is designed for equal distribution around the perimeter of the structure static loads from the weight of the roof, consisting of solid and roof truss system "pie» .

Another task that is designed to perform this element truss system is to counter the load from the roof of the sail, which may contribute to damage to the structure or its collapse during a strong wind.In short, the roof of "tied" to the walls.

can meet the roof rafters which are stacked on top of the wall or fastened to the joists without installing mauerlat.In this case, the load on the rafters will be concentrated in areas without their support distribution on the wall, which can eventually cause damage to the wall structure.

Since mauerlat - the link between design, made from various materials characteristics, and it falls heavy loads, to its installation should be approached with great responsibility.

manufacturing materials mauerlat

mauerlat can be made of wooden beams, planks, logs, as well as metal profiles - channel, pipes, I-beam.

• mauerlat Most often made of timber.Its size in cross section to some extent dependent on the size, and hence the weight of the roof system of the future, as well as the size rafters.

However, given that mauerlat should be laid firmly on the end walls, distributing the load, bending stresses or hide it small, and the load on the compression wood copes well.Therefore, complex calculations section mauerlat in most cases does not require, and are commonly used bars with sides that are multiples of 50, ranging from 100 × 100.

The table below shows the dimensions of the cross sections of lumber, most commonly used in the construction of roof constructions in the individual building.

Sizes wooden elements of roof system:

items truss system	cross-section of timber, mm
mauerlat	beam 100 × 100, 100 × 150, 150 × 150, and sometimesmore.
rafters	board or bar 60 × 150, 80 × 150, 100 × 200 - according to the results of calculations
Runs	beam 100 × 100, 100 × 150, 100 × 200.
Puff (crossbars)	board 100 × 50, 50 × 150.
Racks	beam 100 × 100, 150 × 150.
Struts, fillies, board cornice boxes	board 50 × 100.
Wind end and boarded boards	board 100 × 20, 25 × 150.

beam must be selected for mauerlat carefully, paying attention to its flatness and integrity.Behavior deformed timber purchase is not necessary even in order to save, since it is more difficult to install on the smooth surface of the wall, without causing him stress.On wood should not be broad and deep cracks and knots.

Knots are dangerous not only to those that are different from all of its wood density and allocation of these resins, as many think, but the fact that significantly weaken the board.In addition, if the speck gets fixing rafters, then it will be harder to screw fastening element or score clip, and besides, they are bad to stay in such a structure of wood.

• boards, fastened to each other, are used for lighter roof systems without insulation "cake", for example, in the construction of suburban summerhouse.Mauerlat For such embodiment, suitable, for example, the board 30 ÷ 50 mm, arranged in one or two layers.From
• mauerlat metal elements rarely made, but the profiles are sometimes used to combined variants, which include both wood and metal.

Using this version of rafters load is distributed not only on the wood, but also on a pipe, laid on top of the timber through the wooden inserts and pull to mauerlat collars.When choosing pipes to enhance mauerlat must adhere to certain criteria of their choice:

- because the pipe will be skipped in the through holes in the bottom of the rafters, they should not be too large diameter - just 40 ÷ 50 mm.

- need to take only the new tube, and before you install it be sure to cover the anti-corrosion paint.

holes in the rafters for the passage of the pipe should be done, departing from the bottom of their crop of about 100 ÷ 120 mm.

The wooden mauerlat made notches in the bottom of which will abut the end face of rafter.Sometimes mauerlat board mounting holes formed through trusses fixing at a certain distance from each other in height of timber segments 80 ÷ 100 mm.Width between actual lengths of the bars must be greater than the thickness of the rafters, about 8 ÷ 10 mm, so that it freely entered into the prepared gap.

Due to the rafters will not be rigidly secured to the mauerlat and mounted on sliding attachment, the system will be able to small displacements in the structure of shrinkage.

This diagram shows an embodiment of using the combined version mauerlat consisting of wooden beams and pipes, going beyond bearing walls along their length.This design feature allows you to immediately make the basis for the protective visor on the gable of the roof.

main installation methods mauerlat

selecting material for the manufacture of the base under the rafters, you need to decide whether to be poured on top of the wall reinforcement belt.This element of design is to strengthen and provide, as a rule, block, brick or zasypnyh walls, giving the roof a solid foundation.If the walls - monolithic or brick masonry performed in several rows in the thickness of the reinforcing belts refuse to simplify the work, cost savings and ease of design throughout the house.

Thus, there are two types of arrangement under bases mauerlat - filled with a reinforcing belt without it.

to provide quality ventilation of the attic space and to avoid rotting of wooden construction elements, experts recommended to fix mauerlat 300 ÷ 500 mm above the attic floor beams.

mauerlat mount to walls can be done in various ways, depending on the existing foundations:

• Bruce mauerlat around the perimeter of the structure is rigidly bound into a single frame.Since the timber typically have a standard length of 6 m, mauerlat timber assembled from several pieces.They spliced ​​together or oblique prirub vpoldereva and joint position further fastened with screws, screws or wooden pins

Corner frame components are held together by metal plates or brackets.The frame may further be fixed to the wall and braces.One side of this element is driven in mauerlat, and the second into the wall.In the present scheme of fastening mauerlat an option of fixing shown on the left side.

Mix in a half-tree can be done on the pin, embedded in the wall in advance, or anchors driven into the through holes aligned parts timber.

This kind of fixation on the wall mauerlat possible without reinforcing belt.

• the right side of the above diagram shows the beam assembly on reinforced concrete belt, which at a certain distance build into studs for fixing them mauerlat.

This method of installation is used for light zasypnyh walls or built of foam concrete and gas silicate blocks.In this design the main burden of the roof system falls on the reinforcing belt and mauerlat evenly distributes it along the entire perimeter.

Consider two cases - a reinforcing belt and without more detail

Installation mauerlat wall without reinforcing belt

main installation options and mounting

There are four options to set mauerlat a brick wall without reinforcing belt easiest so common when timber is secured to the top wall waterproofing material:

- the entire thickness of the wall when the walls have a thickness of one brick.

- At the level of the inner surface of the wall, which is below the upper end of the walled wooden cork depth ¼ brick.In this case, the clamp is driven in mauerlat and cork.

- At the level of the inner surface of the wall, on the top of a front mauerlat with the outside of the fixed wooden beam-tube smaller in cross-section, processed bitumen primer.

- at the level of the inner wall surface over the pre-recorded thereon cork board having a height of a brick.

Installation of wooden wall mauerlat thought through in advance, taking into account the preparatory phase, which is carried out even during the construction of walls:

• masonry rises above the floor beams on three or four series of brick.The wall surface must be flat.Then another series of stacked bricks, but instead of the inner side wall of bricks installed plug-treated timber having a thickness equal to a height of a brick.

then performed on top of a brick laying another row, overlapping the auxiliary wood element.

Further, on the inner edge of the wall waterproofing material is laid on top of which beams mauerlat fit.On the rest of the width of the wall surface, near mauerlat, masonry made another series of bricks - this will protect the wood element from external moisture.From this side of the horizontal bar must also be separated from the brick layer waterproofing

After the solution in the masonry is completely cured in mauerlat and sub-timber stopper is driven bracket fixing the wooden base on the wall.

• In the second case masonry walls made entirely of bricks to the required height.When laying the next series, about the middle of the wall thickness, mounted wooden stoppers treated with bitumen, and the inside of the left "shelf" for mauerlat.On the outer side, next to the stopper, placed brick.Next, on the surface stretches waterproofing, and on top of it is fixed mauerlat that fixed brackets to the tubes.
• In a third embodiment, all the work is carried out in the same way as the second, but the clutch closes two rows to the desired height.Then, at the inner edge of end wall wall in cork impregnated with bitumen, having a width greater than the width mauerlat about 50 ÷ 60 mm, and height - equal to the height of a brick.Next to them on the width of the wall or ledge outside put a number of bricks.On top of a wooden plug, departing from its inner edge 10 ÷ 15 mm, fits mauerlat, which on the outside is covered with a row of bricks.

masonry made of bricks with a shift out of 30 ÷ 50 mm, and is formed by a stepped shoulder.Due to the fact that a number of external brick rises above the level of consolidation mauerlat, provides additional insulation structure, which is not observed in the simplest case fixing, when the wooden beams are simply mounted on the upper end of the wall hydroisolated.

It should focus on the waterproofing.This material is placed so that it is separated from the raw wood brick or other masonry material.For waterproofing it can be used not only roofing material, but also linokrom, TekhnoNIKOL or flashing.

Fasteners

mauerlat can be permanently fixed to the wall in various ways - staples, wire, threaded rods or anchor bolts.How to do it - will be discussed below.

wire twisted

If you plan on fixing mauerlat wire twist, it is placed on the inner edge of the wall and the brickwork is done on the outside.

To work required steel wire - "rod" having a diameter of 5 ÷ 6 mm.She laid on the stage of construction of the wall for 4 ÷ 5 rows of masonry to the top, usually folding in half.Free ends of the wire length on both sides of the wall should be left so that it was enough to lay on the inner edge set mauerlat.

itself twisted by means of the mount or scrap.

Another option fixing mauerlat strand - ends imbedded in advance of the wire is passed through drilled in the rod through holes.

In this case, the wire on both sides of the wall is raised to the edge, and then it is bent and passed through the through holes mauerlat below, and then twisted so that the timber was tightly pressed against the upper surface of the wall.