Selection of concrete for the construction of the foundation of the brand at home

about what brands of concrete needed for the construction of the foundation of the house, it is necessary to know to get a strong support base, which will depend on the duration of the construction operation.

as the material for filling the foundation during the construction of residential and administrative buildings, the concrete mix is ​​used.

It is used to form the castings of different configurations, which subsequently serve for the construction of towers.

Such support may be:

• strip foundation - with a certain level of penetration;
• different kinds of pier foundation;
• combined support base;
• flat monolithic foundation.

This concrete components are the decisive factor that allows you to get the expected stability.

Types and characteristics of concrete mixes

As a rule, in the course of preparation of the mortar, in addition to cement, sand and water, add gravel certain faction.

also possible to add various additives in the solution, whereby the concrete shall have the following characteristics: moisture resistance and indifference to sudden changes in temperature.

all possible combinations of binder - water used as a diluent, and a filler (crushed stone, gravel, etc.), determine the grade of concrete.

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Thus, for each specific case we can calculate the ratio of the individual materials.So

concrete used as a watertight blind area around the foundation may not be suitable for the construction of the very basics.

The main characteristic of the concrete structure, which is based in the appointment grade material is considered to be its strength or ability to effectively transfer the pressure on the compression.

To find out what is needed for the construction of the concrete foundation of the house, fence or any other buildings, you need to calculate the expected load.

How to calculate the load on the foundation provided by

Its calculation includes a planned weight of the house, are taken into account wind and snow loads, as well as the size of the area of ​​the concrete base on which the pressure will be.

correctly calculate the weight of future houses can be a special formula taking into account the severity of internal communication structures and the impact of natural conditions.

main expression with which calculates the value of a formula in the form of:

H = Rr + Nd,

where:

• H - defined value (total load of concrete);
• Rr - the foundation of the load on the ground;
• Hg - the total load from the house.

Calculate values ​​Hf and Hg may be other formulations, or via a special table.

load of foundation on the ground (NF = vph x Q), where:

• Va - the value of the volume of the foundation for the house (obtained by multiplying the area of ​​the object to the height);
• Q - density materials structure (easy to find the value in the special directories.).

Calculate the power house pressure on the foundation (Hg) can be based on the above parameters (weight and communication structures, wind load, etc.).

Possible load quantities of materials used for construction of the house, had previously been calculated by experts.The results of their work is in the spec.directories.

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For example:

• on frame type structure when the thickness of walls, taking into account the insulation layer is not more than 150 mm - can load up to 50 kg per m 2;
• brick house wall (brick red) with about 150 mm - loading pressure of 270 kg per m 2;
• log house about 100 kg per m 2;
• Monolithic concrete wall thickness up to 150 mm - 350 kg per sq.m;
• Concrete floors for the house - up to 500 kg per square meter;
• wood ceilings and insulation with a density of 200 to 500 kg per m 2 - 100 to 300 kg per m 2;
• load of roofing: sheet steel - up to 30 kg / m 2, and slate roofing material - up to 50 kg per m 2, tile - about 80 kg / m 2.

calculate the area of ​​this new unit, are required.

for temporary snow load charge indicator: the southern regions - 50 kg per m2 for the northern regions - 190 kg per m 2.

Wind load is calculated by the following formula:

Hb = P x (40 x 15 H)

where:

• Nv - wind load;
• H - height of the object;
• P - area of ​​the house.

As a result of the summation of the values ​​obtained can quickly calculate the size of the load in tons, which will create a house.

What is needed for the construction of the concrete foundation of a two-story house?

recommended to build the foundation for the ribbon-type two-storey house.It involves the construction of mounting the valve and its subsequent pouring of concrete.

For greater strength of the base support structure of the two-story concrete mixed with gravel.

Armature attributed part of the foundation, which is located above ground level, and the portion in the land can not bound up.

The depth of the base substrate two-storey house - one of the most important factors, which take into account in its construction.The average occurrence of the foundation bases of not less than 500 mm.

Thus, when the soft type of soil foundations the depth should be about 1 meter.The best option for the ground with dense structure is a depth of 500 mm.

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In this case, mark the concrete mix used for pouring the foundation under the two-story structure, can be indicators of 250 and above.

further stated, what brand of concrete to be applied for the following objects:

• for home-based foam blocks used concrete grade 350;
• Housing made of solid monolithic concrete foundations need to use solutions of grade 400 or more;
• for pouring the foundation under the house made of logs suitable concrete mixture grade 300;
• frame house - for his foundation can apply concrete grade 200.

What is necessary to use concrete for the construction of the foundation of the bath?

usually to fill the bath foundation used concrete grade M250 compositions.Nevertheless, the last word rests with the characteristics of the soil structure.

This fact applies not only to fill the foundation for a bath, but all types of buildings.

The more complex the structure of the soil, the greater the demands put forward concrete brand.So, for the shale soil optimum mark 350 for sandy land - mark 200.

At a deep level of freezing and a high rate of groundwater prefer 350.

brand Furthermore, the answer to the question, what brand of concrete is more suitable for the construction of foundationbath on clay or sandy soil, also lies in the peculiarities of future construction.

But as bath relatively easy construction, usually the walls of bathhouses erected wooden material, so it will be the best choice columnar or strip foundation finely recessed type.

Thus the foundation of the brand index may fall from M200 to M150.Brick structure in this case would require the application of concrete mark of 200 and above.

What is needed for the construction of the concrete foundation of the garage?

choosing a brand of concrete for the construction of the basement garage, often stop at a part with the index of 200 or higher.

Main during mixing - only use high-quality components.

determine the best option with the brand of concrete to fill the garage foundation, take into account the structural features.So the concrete structure of the M200 can be used to shield the design team.

to the garage, which was built using silicate or lightweight aggregate concrete products - suitable concrete grade 300. F / B structure and brick walls of the garage can be built on a concrete base with an indicator of the strength of 350.

calculation for the garage foundation is carried out by the above formulas.

But how many cubic meters of material can be used, you can see on the tape base Example:

1. For example, the foundation is constructed of 6x9, height - 1.6 m, 0.28 m - width;
2. using the formula: V = 2ab × (c + d);
3. Get the size of the area of ​​the foundation sole and know how many cubes you need to fill:
   9 × 0,28 × 2 + (6-0,28 × 2) × 0,28 × 3 = 5.04 + 4.56 = 96 (m 2);
4. result - the volume of concrete is: 9,6 × 1,6 = 15,36 m 3. So that's how many cubic meters of concrete will need to build a support base.

What is needed for the construction of the concrete foundation of the fence?

impose less demanding as in the construction of the foundation for other objects to the carrier through the fence.

This means the design calculation is carried out without taking into account indicators of groundwater and the depth of soil freezing.

Since the construction of fences, most often referred to as light structures, for the construction of the fence take concrete foundation of the brand with strength indicator 150.

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If the construction of the fence is planned to carry out on the rocky ground, using concrete grade 100.

higher grade 200 and above can be applied to the soil with a complex structure or area with difficult terrain.

In another case, the use of heavier and compositions not appropriate lead to more expensive designs.

With regard to the type of foundation for the fence, as it can act as a tape, and columnar structure.