Floor heating the water with his own hands

Building your own home is always associated with resolving a staggering range of issues, and one of the most important is always ensure a comfortable microclimate in all premises.As typical for most of Russian conditions, harsh winters organization of effective heating system becomes a major challenge.

Most private homeowners prefer the habitual patterns of water heating, open or closed type , with the installation of the radiators in the rooms in the desired rated amount.This scheme is time-tested and proven effective for a long time.However, inherent in it and serious drawbacks - it is uneven warming of premises, creation is not always pleasant horizontal convection currents.Do not worry, in a private house to eliminate these disadvantages is much easier than in a city apartment - nothing prevents the owner to make a floor heating the water with his own hands.

If the multi-storey building similar to the modernization of the heating system is not always possible for a number of administrative or purely technological reasons, in terms of individual housing, where there is a private water-heating boilerand there are no significant restrictions on the height of the premises is to be feasible.Of course, a very simple her name not will - have to spend a lot of calculations, to acquire high-quality material and equipment that perform a significant amount of construction and installation work.

principal water heating system device floor

inherently water « warm floor» - a system of pipes, placed under the surface of the flooring, which circulates coolant from the total heating circuit.

Schematically, the overall "pie" of water underfloor heating is as follows:

• basis for installation of warm water floor usually a leveling screed concrete (item 1).She may already have their own insulation (for example, expanded clay) or be without it.
• To prevent absolutely necessary expenditure of heat energy to warm the floor bases or floor decks need efficient thermal insulation layer (item 2).It does not fit this level only if the structure itself provides insulation leveling screed.
• More one layer thermoinsulator - foil substrate (. Item 3) increase the heating efficiency by reflecting heat flux of reflux rubles, sending it to warm up the upper layers floor.In some cases, using special insulating mats to warm floor do without it.
• array of heating floor heating is always accompanied by his pretty significant temperature extensions.To prevent any damage on the perimeter of the room using a special damping tape (item 4), which will serve as a compensator.
• main elements t t eplogo floor - a system of pipes through which circulates coolant (item 5)..During the layout of pipes, they are attached to the thermal insulating substrate with special clamps (Pos. 6) and whether there also recorded in other ways, which will be discussed below.
• The most common behavior px see ontirovannyh pipelines poured concrete screed (pos. 7).It not only becomes reliable basis for laying the finishing coat (pos. 8).Screed will serve as a powerful heat accumulator, to promote uniform heating of the entire surface of the floor, so there are certain requirements its thickness.

The scheme presented is subject to certain changes .For example, in some cases, by using a special kit, you can do without filling the upper covering, applying a so-called modular warm floor with profile thermo- metal plates .

ties, however, is not enough to lay the pipe - is necessary to ensure a stable water flow through them for uniform heat output.Therefore, the most important node warm floor is a collector system, which creates desired fluid pressure and maintain the desired temperature it. Usually for this purpose shall establish special collector cabinets of a certain level of complexity and richness automation.

Now, after a brief acquaintance with the general system device warm floor, it makes sense to consider all its elements in more detail.

What materials are required for the warm water floor

leave for "bracket" device bottom leveling screed - rather, it refers to the civil works.The main condition - that it provides flatness and levelness of the surface, had the proper waterproofing.The concrete surface must be free of significant defects (cracks, cracks, potholes and areas of instability etc . )

In addition, on the assumption that the starting screed has no significant warming.So, primarily have to deal with it insulation.To this end, usually using special mats to warm floor.

Insulating mats warm floor

Mats for warm floor can be performed in several different ways.

• In some cases, such as in the regeneration of the water heater on the second floor of the house, provided that the premises of the first floor - heated and comply with the requirements of general building insulation, may be sufficient roll mats made of polyethylene foam with a foiled surface.

Their thickness is negligible - about 3 - 5 mm, however, they will be able to effectively isolate the overlap and redirect the flow of heat up.Stacked they butt stripes, metallized side facing upwards, with obligatory sizing at the seams, it's best - foiled tape.

• more reliable in matters of protection against heat loss are slabs of extruded polystyrene.This material has a high density (about 40 kg / m³) and is easy to handle bed with him a load - the weight of pipes with coolant, ties, topcoat, furniture and dynamic effects during future reference .

Typically, these plates have a system Paso-ridge locks, which greatly simplifies the installation.The thickness can vary from 20 to 100 mm - can always choose the right, depending on the degree of warming of the base floor.Generally for floors on the ground or above unheated basements (mezzanine premises ) used material thickness from 50 to 100 mm.If the bottom is located a heated room, we can limit ourselves to 30 mm thick.

top of the stacked plates is recommended that you lay a layer of the thinnest foil substrate.

• more convenient to use ready-made mats from the same extruded polystyrene (Epps), designed specifically for warm floors.They can be executed in the form of rolls of the type "caterpillar tractor » or "accordion".

Very often, they immediately applied thermo-foil layer.More one significant convenience - many of these mats are applied marking lines - this will significantly simplify the process of laying the water circuit.

• The most modern and user-friendly approach will be the use of specialized mats that are designed with into account the need to fix the water circuit pipes.They are provided raised protrusions ( so-called "boss» ), located in certain order.The shape of these bosses can be different, but they are always arranged so that between them securely fixed diameter pipe required.

material for the manufacture of mats performs the same Epps, but they usually have a protective polymer coating which becomes more and additional waterproofing barrier. These mats have locking system for the mutual coupling, which ensures the solidity of stacked layers. Still another advantage - by pouring on top of them finishing screed does not require additional reinforcement - this role will take Embossed mats.

What pipes will be optimal for warm floor

selection of quality pipes - is the key to safe and efficient operation of the water floor heating system.With regard to contours in most cases in in murovyvayutsya in mortar and access to them, to repair or replace damaged site becomes impossible, the material must be fully suitable for such a function and to be of exceptionally high quality.

pipes contours of the warm sex must comply with a number of mandatory requirements :

• They must have a reliable supply of strength as to baric internal stress and to external applications forces.The optimal range of pipes with a pressure of not less than 8 bar.
• absolutely excludes the use of welded pipes.In addition, the lockable coupler circuit must be united - in it should not be welding or threaded connections (with a few exceptions, of which will be mentioned below) - it is always a "weak spot" in which it is possible over time appearance of a leak or blockage formation.
• High corrosion resistance - a mandatory requirement.The material should have chemical inertness.Vulnerability - oxygen diffusion material, i.e. the penetration of this gas through the pipe wall, which causes the activation of oxidative processes.The best choice - pipes with thoughtful oxygen barrier.
• inner surface of the pipes should be as smooth as possible, to avoid creating excessive flow resistance and there is no noise from flowing along the contour of the liquid.

Which of the advanced materials may be suitable for laying the heating circuit:

• First of all, you must immediately abandon the conventional metal pipes HCV, even if they are made of stainless steel - about inadmissibility of joints mentioned above.
• not suitable for warm floor and polypropylene pipes.This material is, of course, good and inexpensive, but do not possess the required flexibility.Bend it according to the planned scheme styling does not work, then, have to resort to the use of additional elements.And it - welded joints , on the inadmissibility of which have already been mentioned.Online you can find photos of these circuits with assurances of their full reliability , but to repeat such adventurism is not necessary.

• All are good for this purpose copper tubes - plastic they have excellent heat transfer, provide reliable Roller or solder joints.However, for all these benefits have to pay a very high price, so widespread this kind of stuff is still not received.

• PVC pipe as if specially designed for floor heating systems - they are flexible and well-kept predetermined bending shape, have high heat dissipation, easy to install.However, do not rush at once to rush to the store to buy them.The fact that not every metalplast go for these purposes.One low-cost option that is very popular for the creation of water or external heating networks, floor thickness can play a cruel joke.If desired, you can find the photos from the pipe ripped body - and it is for immured in a tie circuit - a catastrophe.The main problem is that the market is saturated with inexpensive and not the most quality products.The aluminum layer in these tubes has reliable protection from exposure to oxygen over time by corrosion processes it becomes brittle and can , unable to cope with the pressure of the coolant.

• good choice is modern PEX pipes.A special chemical treatment of the polymer creates multiple additional intermolecular bonds, and the material becomes superior resistance to baric loads, without losing its elasticity.

About « cross-linking » polyethylene says the symbol "PE-X."In terms of quality and the best performance of the material « PE-Xa », passing peroxide treatment - achieved the maximum percentage of « cross-linking » - to 85%.

The material is very flexible, which gives the possibility of placing a loop of 150 mm diameter.He produced large bay, and it allows you to perform a whole contour of any desired length .

• Probably, the most optimal choice for circuit warm floor will reflux Pipes, combining the advantages of metal and plastic, and cross-linked polyethylene.They have a multi-layer structure - inner and outer layer are made of PE-X, and between them, on on reliably adhesive-based, there is a layer of aluminum, welded by TIG technology (gas-shielded).Moreover, many manufacturers equip their products with additional intermediate oxygen barrier ( EVON technology).What prevents the corrosion of the aluminum layer.

Such composite pipes are usually marked PEX-Al-PEX .They can always buy all the necessary components for connection to the collector of the heating system.

• Another one variants reflux rubles - corrugated stainless steel.It - the relative novelty , but has already earned good reviews from the masters involved warm floors.