Types of drainage : surface and deep

Existing types of drainage

Drainage - a very important component of engineering services of a private house.With this system, rain and melt water is not being built on the site and prevents waterlogging.

drainage, there are three species, and among themselves they are divided into:

• surface (open);
• Closed (depth);
• backfill.

Surface drainage and its features

Surface drainage consists of a network of open channels.Due to its design it is designed to collect waste water from the yard, tracks, and water flowing down from the roofs of buildings.Thus, the water does not destroy the foundation of the house, and on its walls is formed mold.

surface, in turn, is divided into:

• Spot - collects water locally at the points of discharge, closed metal lattice covers that do not let in the trash and leaves the system.Point headers connected to pipes connected to a single drainage system through which waste water is transported to the wells or in a trench outside usadby.Ustroystvo point surface drainage is extremely simple, only need to provide the desired slope and determine the place of emission sinks.
• Line diverts storm water channels at depth, located in the ground.It includes items such as catchment trays, troughs and sand catchers, delaying debris, leaves and sand, scurrying along in the water flow.

most effective is the use of these two types at the same time.

deep drainage: elements and design

name itself deep (closed) drainage says that the system is located at a depth under the ground.

serves such a system of canals to reduce the level of underground water and drainage gutters around the area beyond it.

Design a this type of drainage, based on their geographical location of land features, for example, in the lowlands and in places with waterlogged soil.

By design subsurface drainage is divided into:

• Horizontal - the most common type of drainage, which includes channels, drains and chutes.
• Vertical - is buried at the site drainage collectors are equipped with pumps.And the design process, and the installation process is quite complicated, requiring the participation of experienced specialists.Therefore, in cottages or country houses and is used very rarely.
• combined - is a system consisting yl elements of vertical and horizontal drainage.

Loose-fill drainage system

The principle of operation is similar to the deep drainage backfill, only instead of the drainage pipes used gravel or broken bricks.To build such a structure, it is necessary to dig a channel, the bottom of which is filled with gravel or coarse fraction brick.On top of it is filled with gravel, and the last layer - the soil.

Workflow

drainage arrangement In order to build yourself a drainage structure, following the order of execution of works must be followed:

• Dig a moat of a certain width and depth, with mandatory sloping toward the water flow;
• channel bottom is filled with 1 layer - the gravel;2 layer - sand;
• top of sand laid special perforated drainage pipe with holes;
• All pipes are combined into one system, the end of which is lowered into the water collection well
• last stage - to fill all the rubble and put a layer of soil.

understand all the intricacies of the work, and using high-quality pipes and accessories can build a reliable and functional drainage system.