Technology tape device monolithic foundation

belt solid foundation - is building the foundations design, which allows to equip the basement and is suitable for most types of soil.Strip foundation is constructed so that all of his lines coincide with the lines of the future walls.The construction of such a structure is one of the easiest ways to build a detached house.

Species strip foundations

Conventionally, all belt-type base are divided into two groups, which are characterized by several parameters:

1. Melkozaglublennye design - penetrate the soil to a depth of no more than 70 cm,therefore considered to be the most economical cost and time of construction material.But this structure is not applicable to all types of buildings and land.Securely and firmly hold it only light structure made of wood or foam, height no more than 2 floors, standing on a firm ground with a high density.
2. recessed design -. Optimal level of penetration in the soil exceeds the level of soil freezing by 30 cm Suitable for all soils and buildings.

Experts recommend at erection of designs to deepen it in the soil at 2-2.2 m, as this will equip the basement with lots of features.But foundation cost monolithic rod with such depth penetration into the soil is significantly higher than the less recessed constructive solutions.

advantages and disadvantages of monolithic structures tape foundation

Belt reinforced concrete foundations has many advantages over other types of structures.Constructions of this type have a high strength, since this figure depends on the depth of penetration.This factor also constructed a foundation on all types of soil.If the foundation is not stable and has a low density, then the calculations take into account this factor and make the foundation a little more depth.

strip foundations are used for many years and are suitable even for the most complex architecture of the building.This holds not only the basis for the function of the structure, but also creates an additional basement is equipped with a garage, boiler room, pumping, storage room or cellar for food storage.

But there are disadvantages to this type of construction.First of all it should be noted that the recessed structure require large expenditures of time and materials.When hardware foundation necessary dig a trench, resulting in a large amount of soil, which is necessary to get rid of.Construction of monolithic reinforced concrete foundation will last for several days or even weeks, as the technology to speed up this process is not possible.For all its faults ribbon design is so convenient and durable, the builders commonly used it in the construction of residential buildings.Technology tape device monolithic foundation discussed in detail and described in the following sections.

marking the foundation mounting points

All work on the construction of the building begins with the markup site.In this step, the accuracy is important, not less than all the others, because the house is used for layout plan required under points monolithic strip foundations.Drawing at home on the stage of construction of the foundation is already in the hands of the people carrying out the construction.

Running marking pegs which are hammered into the ground, or scraps of rebar with a diameter of 8-10 m. The material is driven into the ground to a depth of 0.15 m, each peg cord connected tautly.When all markup elements are in place, long tape measure vymeryat length of each side and each diagonal.These measurements must show the same figures for each side.If in some places indices do not match, then not all the angles in the markup lines.It is necessary to find and eliminate inaccuracies.

If all parameters match, the angles of the structure of the future have the necessary degrees to be considered straight.In this case, proceed to ditch equipment for the foundation of the house.For the comfort and marking pegs that determine the depth of the ditch.

Equipment trench for the foundation

described here are the basics of erection technology for the house does not provide the equipment basement, because the solution is poured without formwork.This method of construction can significantly reduce the cost of it.For the foundation you need to dig a ditch width of 50 cm and a depth 110. The method chosen to dig at its discretion.Equipment trench using special equipment is the fastest option, but more expensive.In addition, the manual equipment ditches reduces the volume extracted from its land, and hence reduced the cost of its removal.Manually excavated trench walls have a smooth surface, the sparingly consumed by pouring concrete mortar.

When equipment is cone of the trench, the height of its inception - about 30 cm from the trench floor.Expansion forms a so-called "heel", that is by pouring the solution to increase the base area of ​​the sole, thereby increasing the reliability of the assembly.At the bottom of the finished trench poured 10 cm of sand and tamp it.For better stacking cushion sand watered, then the natural shrinkage occurs.

Manufacturing reinforcing frame for the foundation

After trenches equipment begins the next least important stage - the reinforcement of the foundation.Tape device monolithic foundation, as well as other technology of erection of foundations, provide reinforcement as an obligatory step, without which the building would not be sufficiently reliable, and durable.In this case, for optimum use of reinforcement fittings 12 and a diameter of 8 mm.The first stage of the knit reinforcement ring, for this:

1. sustainably secured channel.
2. At its two edges are cut grooves using grinders.
3. in prepared recesses inserted reinforcement.
4. wear on the valve tube slightly larger.

The result is a design that bends the metal on the principle of the lever, and greatly facilitates the work of all.With this trick reinforcement bent in rectangular rings of the same size.The size of each ring is calculated from the size of the ditch, that is the foundation of the foundations.In this case, a ditch of 1.1 m, which was poured a layer of sand 10 cm was dug, that is, the size of the ditch was reduced to 50 cm wide and 1 m deep.The optimum size of the reinforcing rings for her -. Height 70 cm and width 30 cm

to optimize the manufacturing process uses of rings reinforcing bars, their thickness - 8 mm, length -. 2.3 m to mark up the rods, the first mark from the beginning of the rod is placed at a distance0.3 m, the second at a distance of 0.7 m. from the second mark recede further 30 cm and put the third mark, after another 70 cm from it fourth.Thus, until the end of the rod must remain a distance of 30 cm. The previously prepared on the Channel bar mark is inserted into the valve and arch her apart labels.

When all the rings are ready to begin the process of strapping.To do this, use binding wire that bend pliers or a special hook.Such a tool is sold in DIY stores or made yourself from unnecessary trowel whose end is curved and sharpened, or from your old electrode.Wire rods 10-14 mm size 1.2-1.4 cm in thickness is taken. If the stock has a smaller wire, it is folded in several times.Material bending should be pliable, such qualities have annealed low carbon steel.If the wire is bent bad, then it was kept for about 30 minutes in a fire, and then allowed to cool.This measure will make the material more flexible.Rings linked together and start manufacturing a reinforcing frame.

to take the carcass material 12 mm diameter frame size is calculated based on the future size of the wall.That is, the length of the rods must be equal to the length of one side of the structure.Extra pieces are cut to fit the size of the bars under the necessary.Dovyazyvayut short bars to the desired length by means of binding wire.This overlap of one rod to another is less than 1 m to the structure was sufficiently reliable.Making the frame looks like this:

1. The previously prepared rings threaded rods in length.With
2. binding wire rods fastened to the rings.Ready
3. frame 4 is a rod, which are located on opposite sides of the ring 4.Another bar is located on the uppermost point of the ring.Additional threaded rod into the frame, or simply attach the top.
4. first ring is bound at a distance of 1 m from the beginning of the rod, all the following are installed every 90 cm.

The result is a frame 4, two of which are along the length of the house and two in width.For foundations are not rectangular, respectively, fit to 1 frame for each outer side of the structure.Ready-made frames are placed in a ditch and connect with each other.For mounting use the corners, which are made in such a way:

1. Cropped from 12 mm rebar piece measuring 2 m
2. Each piece is bent at a right angle to the equality of the parties..That is, each side of the angle is equal to 1 m. It is convenient to use this lever system, which was described above for the manufacturing process of the Rings.
3. Corners is applied to the outer corners of adjacent frames and secure the wire.This procedure is carried out at the top and bottom.

Installation finished reinforcing frame in place the construction of the foundation

At this stage, the framework already established in the ditch on its permanent seat, but the belt solid foundation with his own hands is done by certain rules that must be followed.These rules apply to laying a reinforcing base in the ditch.

• Under the frame enclose a stone base so that it does not lay directly on the pillow.The height of the gap should be less than 10 cm. As the material is lifted using any stone fragments of suitable size.

• Always check building level surface of the carcass.If in some places, admitted an error in this indicator, it just disturbed the evenness of the foundation after grouting.
• reinforcing skeleton is attached to the side walls of the trench.This is to ensure that by pouring a solution of it has not changed its position in space.Twisted reinforcing frame will reduce the quality of the final basis for the house.For fixing using pegs that are driven horizontally into the wall of the ditch, and attached to the valve.Enough to fill attachment every 2 meters along the entire length of the ditch.
• Fully installed reinforcing skeleton has the performance measurement: the distance to the bottom of the ditch - 10 cm to the top of the ditch - 20 cm to the walls of the trench - 10 cm

frame size, the thickness of the bars for him, depth bookmarks and other settings.depend on the size of the building is built of prefabricated monolithic strip foundations or reinforced concrete structure.The above calculations are correct for the building of a small weight to one floor.

Pouring concrete in the foundation

Before you start filling solution is necessary to take care that the holes were for all necessary communications.To do this reconciled with the plan of the house and in the appropriate places lay pipe or any other suitable shape and the diameter of the objects.After pouring the solution in these parts remain piping hole.The second method involves punching holes in the pipe for the finished foundation.But using this method on a monolithic tape base price is much higher.Since punch holes in a frozen solution for a long time, it is expensive and not very safe in terms of structural strength.

before harvest or ordered solution, calculate the necessary amount thereof.Calculating it is a very simple formula that helps you calculate the volume - multiplied between a measure of depth, length and width of the ditch under the fill.The resulting figure will be the value of the required amount of solution in cubic meters.

When laying concrete in several steps to do so:

1. place of old and new layers of the joint solution is cut off from each other.To do this, put a layer of concrete filled boards or shuttering.
2. When pouring the next layer of the formwork is removed, and the seam is moistened with water.It is necessary to remove the cement and the film best setting different layers.
3. is important to make the seam between the layers only vertical, horizontal joints should not be pouring the foundation tape monolithic.Video posted below will demonstrate the entire process.