MDF (floating ) foundations with their own hands

slab foundation - one form of a monolithic foundation is a monolithic concrete slab laid on a prepared surface of sand and rubble.Perform this foundation mainly on weak soils: peat bogs, sands, clays saturated, and prone to shifting of heave.No foundation is deepened to a depth of soil freezing, and seasonal shifting of soil it equally moves along with them.For this feature it is also called "floating".This structure does not experience point loads, all the changes are transmitted to the foundation walls evenly.

Installation scheme slab floating foundation

Features slab foundation

Advantages:

• As already mentioned, slab foundation can be made on the soft ground with a large depth of freezing, it does not require a device deep pitas for recessed basement;
• bearing capacity of the foundation slab is high, unlike in a pile, it can withstand considerable loads: capital structure of bricks or blocks 1-2 in the floor height;
• load capacity and shifts from the soil without deformation makes the "floating" slab foundation is very durable, its lifetime is about 150 years old;
• Foundation, due to its construction, is also a sub-floor to the ground floor that allows you to save some on his device.

Disadvantages:

• slab foundation pile is more expensive due to the significant consumption of materials;
• labor-intensive manual work and the need for construction equipment raise the price of slab foundation.

work performance technology

1. Site preparation - the most time-consuming operation for the implementation of the foundation slab.It is necessary to completely remove the top layer of soil to a depth of established calculation.This last layer is better to remove and manually aligned to prevent irregularities and pits: any deepening even fall asleep afterwards sand can serve during the operation at home cause deformation due to the uneven load.The pit must exceed the dimensions of the foundation of 1-2 meters on all sides for the convenience of work.
   

   process of preparing the ground for the future foundation

2. second stage - preparing pillow of sand and gravel.It is necessary to compensate for the deformation of the ground forces, as well as to drain groundwater and avoid their capillary rise to the base of the foundation.The thickness of the cushion depends on the soil characteristics:. On sandy soils, it can be 15 cm, saturated clay, prone to strong heave - at least 30 cm sand poured into the prepared pit, evenly distributed over the entire basement area and carefully compacted.For marshy or wet soils of the pillow is made of rubble, it improves concrete waterproofing.
   

   Creating a pillow of sand and gravel for the foundation of the plates

3. device casing.The removable formwork made of planed boards with a minimum thickness of 20 mm, fastened together at the corners by means of screws.From the outside, the casing must be strengthened braces.Perhaps the use of permanent formwork fibrovoloknistoy plate.It is attached to the metal corners and tie, and after also arrange struts.Equip tunneling for communications, performing around the casing.Pipes can also be put through penetration and bring to pouring the foundation.
   

   formwork device under the foundation

4. Waterproofing produced using a thick plastic film, geotextile or roofing material, putting it lapped at the bottom of the pit with a stop on the formwork.Reinforcement of the foundation - a very important step, it will depend on the strength of not only the foundation, but also the building as a whole.For smaller buildings can be carried out with the help of reinforcement wire mesh with a mesh of 10-15 cm, and places, and which will be installed bearing walls, it is necessary to strengthen the metal rod.If the design of the building more massive reinforcement bars should be used with a diameter of 10-12 mm, laid in a grid.The transverse rods are knitted together using wire.Welding fittings are not recommended because in places of welding excessive stresses occur during shifting of the structure.Reinforcing mesh should be completely immersed in the concrete, so set it to the special guides.If the thickness of the foundation is significant - set several layers of reinforcement.
   

   process of waterproofing the basement

Reinforcing the foundation - a very important step, it will depend on the strength of not only the foundation, but also the building as a whole.For smaller buildings can be carried out with the help of reinforcement wire mesh with a mesh of 10-15 cm, and places, and which will be installed bearing walls, it is necessary to strengthen the metal rod.If the design of the building more massive reinforcement bars should be used with a diameter of 10-12 mm, laid in a grid.The transverse rods are knitted together using wire.Welding fittings are not recommended because in places of welding excessive stresses occur during shifting of the structure.Reinforcing mesh should be completely immersed in the concrete, so set it to the special guides.If the thickness of the foundation is significant - set several layers of reinforcement.

process of reinforcing the foundation

pouring concrete produced in one stage, so the concrete will have to either order or mix very quickly on their own.Therefore, you need to fill to make a team of 4-5 people.Concrete is poured into the formwork prepared with reinforcement laid and then compacted by means of its first deep vibrator, and then using the vibrating rail.After punching the concrete and removing from it its air voids and smooth and level the surface.

Drying foundation made within 4-5 weeks.During this time, gaining the necessary strength concrete, after which it is ready for further construction.During drying, you need to ensure that the upper layer of the foundation is not dried out and not pereuvlazhnyat, for this it is convenient to use the covering material.After drying concrete to improve their thermal insulation properties of slab foundation insulated using polystyrene plates.

Ready slab foundation

slab foundation is often used in the construction of private homes.Its design, with all its labor input is quite simple, so you can perform a slab foundation with his own hands, bringing special equipment only for special responsibility and hard work.

In conclusion, we recommend you also read about: the foundations of the asbestos-cement pipe, and how to make the foundation of bored with their own hands and, of course, see how warm the foundation.