Sewage in a private home : the scheme , the device and installation of components

Street pit latrines are gradually disappearing.New house and even a small hut should please owners and normal comfort for the 21st century comforts.sewerage device in a private home - it is accessible and safe for the structure of the event, if intelligently approach to the design and use of modern materials and technologies.When building a house sewage system is laid at the design stage, along with other utilities, but in the old house it is possible to organize the construction of bathrooms with urban comfort level.

All homes can be divided into two categories - those that can be connected to the central city or township sewage, and those that can not.Progress and Communications indoor unit for these cases will be the same, the difference will be significant only in the organization of wastewater.

General principles of installation in a private home sewage

Essentially, sewage in a private home, as well as in a city apartment, consists of a vertical riser and a smaller diameter pipe through which it drains by gravity fall into the sink, toilet, etc.Then the wastewater flow in a horizontally arranged large-diameter pipes, and of them - in a centralized sewerage or houses adjoining self-contained sewage treatment plant.

in a big house with lots of bathrooms, with sophisticated drainage system is rational installation of sewage pump.The pump may be required in the case, if the site is not absolutely bias.

When designing sewer also take into account

• landscape area - the wastewater flows down to a septic tank or cesspool must be in its lower point,
• type of soil, its freezing and the height of groundwater - dependsdepth proleganiya outdoor sewerage pipes and the selection of treatment facilities,

choice of materials

At the present stage, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride pipes - the best option.They are inexpensive, easy to transport and install, does not require welding machine for their assembly.In addition to the pipe connecting elements need a tribe of different configurations, fittings, tees, auditing hatches.Places joints further processed sealant.

diameter pipes depends on the amount of wastewater and the number of devices connected to the system.In any case, the diameter of the pipe fittings of the device must be equal to or greater than its spout.The diameter of the riser pipe must be from 100 mm when it is connected to the toilet, and 50 mm when the toilet is not.The length of the pipe from the device to the riser should not exceed 3 m, and from the toilet - 1 m. If the distance should be increased, taking the pipe of larger diameter.

installation of pipes and plumbing connection

Before assembling the system better detail draw or design it in a computer program.All horizontal pipe domestic sewage should go under the bias of the unit to the riser at the rate of 2-15 cm to 1 meter. If you need to rotate the tube at 90 degrees, it is best to do it gradually, using 2 knee on knee 45 or 3 to 30 degrees, forprevent blockages.

Sewer risers on each floor in the bottom of the supplied auditing hatches.For sound insulation they can wrap a layer of mineral wool or close plasterboard duct.

Sanitary appliances are connected to the pipes through the U-shaped siphon, lower part of which always contains some water.Foul-smelling gases from the sewage can not pass through this barrier.Some sinks and bathrooms are sold with a siphon, for others it will need to acquire additional, toilets have built a siphon.

riser with outer tubes connected by means of horizontal pipes of the same or of large diameter, located in the basement, the basement or under the floor.Such pipes are also equipped with auditing hatches (required when cornering).With their combination should be avoided right angles and complex curves.If the pipe lies in the ground or unheated rooms, it must be well insulated.In a place out of the house all the pipes come together and through the hole in the foundation joined with the outer sewage.

Sewer pipes are attached to the walls by means of clamps.Near the point of connection to the riser connections and transitions additional mounting set.

sewer ventilation

large number of sharply fused water, for example from the tank of the toilet, moving around the tube, creating a region of rarefied space.In the absence of air to enter the system, siphons water from plumbing fixtures along the pipe out, and there is an unpleasant smell.For this reason, the sewage system must be equipped with their own ventilation.

for ventilation pipe risers extended up to the roof, the upper end is not closed, but safely hiding from rain and debris.You can enroll in another way, the top riser set aeration valve, which does not produce odors, but holds air inside, thus preventing the discharged air in the pipe.

Outdoor sewerage

Outside the house is also the best use of plastic pipes.For their installation sees the trench to a depth of soil freezing, it on the bottom of the poured sand bag, and then a slope of 2-3% stacked pipes.If you can not provide a sufficiently deep location, it is necessary to carefully insulate the pipe.

the point of connection to the house and near the connections to the central sewage treatment facilities or autonomous set auditing hatches.It is desirable to install a check valve pipe.It will protect homes from entering drains impurities from the outside, such as overflow cesspool, and from rodents through the pipes.

Treatment facilities

Autonomous sewerage at the end may have:

• cesspool,
• septic tank,
• station biological treatment.

Each of these options has advantages and disadvantages, but, in general, to recommend to the cesspool can only be for the cottages that do not live permanently, or for small houses for 1-2 people.biological treatment plant is expensive, but after installing it to prevent and emptying it is necessary to resort rarely.Septic is the best option, it can be bought ready-made or make yourself.

properly designed and installed drainage will make living in your own home even more comfortable.