Gardening

August 12, 2017 18:05

Growing broccoli in the open field - from planting seeds to harvesting

Gardening

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in 1 Probably not a single owner of a plot of land not planted in its acres of cabbage.There are many types of vegetables, most of which are well known to our summer residents.But on the broccoli do not know everything, but on a number of parameters, it sets itself apart from many other types of cabbage.

What is its value, what is the specificity of the cultivation in the open field?In this article, gardeners will find a lot of useful information and practical advice on cultivation of this crop.

There are about 200 varieties of broccoli.The RF grown mainly two - «Brassica italica» and «Brassica oleracea».That's on them, and emphasis will be placed.

optimum conditions for growing

Broccoli differs unpretentiousness.It painlessly tolerate heat, drought, does not require any special care.But the implementation of the following recommendations will get a really good harvest.

good lighting plot. Unlike many other vegetables, broccoli for artificial (or natural) shading is not necessary.

humidity.Broccoli belongs to the moisture-loving plants.In place of its cultivation is recommended to maintain the level of humidity: the air - 85%, the soil - 75%.
[highlight color = "yellow"] Ground.Better if it will be a black earth, or alumina.Although the composition of the soil broccoli really taxing (optimal its acidity - at 6.5 pH).
Temperature. In describing the specifics of growing this type of cabbage is often noted that the culture can withstand significant frost on the ground (to -7ºS) or heat.Some inexperienced gardeners such information is misleading, including, and in time landing the plant in the ground.For broccoli temperature of 18 is considered to be the most comfortable (± 2) ° C.
good natural circulation of air flow. choosing a place to grow broccoli, it is necessary to take into account.

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Preparation of seeds for planting

This applies only planting material harvested from his own same area or taken from someone.Shoplifting products (provided that the point of sale - Specialized) in the pre-preparation is not needed.

planting Algorithm:

Soaking seeds.To do this, is preparing manganese (weak) solution or taken clean heated water (up to 50 degrees).Waiting time - approximately ⅓ hours.
dry.
Immersion in special / solution.It is also called a growth factor.Sample extract seeds in it - 5.5 hours.

simplest recipe

20 g ash (only wood!) In 1 liter of water.The solution is "ripen" for at least 2 days, during which time it must be stirred regularly.

Recommendation to collect seeds

Testes removed from beds until frost.
preliminary drying in a warm place (about 2 weeks, at least).
Threshing testis.
Reject nekonditsiyu, ie seeds that are not suitable for planting - in size of the shell and so on.
Storage, as well as for any other planting material - the place dry, dark, cool.

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Preparing soil

nothing special in the process.All the same way as for other crops - digging at the end of the season.In the spring, with the onset of warm weather, it is recommended fertilization.Use the following mineral composition.For example, ammonium nitrate (10) or superphosphate (40) - in g / m².

order of broccoli landing in open ground

exact dates should be specified in the lunar calendar, with regard to the peculiarities of the local climate.Therefore, the data - averaged therefore purely indicative.

seedling

Around mid-March, the seeds are placed in a closed (boxes, containers) the ground, and in the second half of April - early May, the seedlings are planted on the plot.With this growing technology the first harvest will be approximately in the middle of June.

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Seed Planted in open ground is made depending on the degree of soil warming.The only difference is the time of cabbage maturing.Harvest will come later than when grown on the first method.

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Pros ways

Less hassle.Each summer resident knows how much space is occupied by the containers with seedlings and how complex care for her at home - daily control of the development, irrigation, compliance with the illumination mode and so on.
more intensive development of broccoli.With this method of cultivation of the plant is not exposed to stress during the transplant in an open ground, and the seedlings do not need time to acclimatize to the new environment.

at 4 Distances (cm) drop-off technology are chosen: between rows - 55 (± 5), hole - within 30. The seeds should not be too bury.Approximately - 1 phalanx.Why is it easy to understand.Broccoli - a vegetable that gives the "tops", hence the culture develops upwards.A small layer of earth in the form of powder (about 1.5 cm) protects the seeds from them leaching from soil sediments.

Immediately after planting (seeds or seedlings) and leveling of land it abundantly watered.

Recommendations

best time for planting broccoli - cloudy.
If the soil is dry, the first watering the beds, and a few hours later - planting cabbage.
For the first time, you must create a seed (seedling) greenhouse effect.To this end, every seat is covered (which is the easiest way) cropped plastic bottle.To hatched greens well developed, it is advisable to take the container of at least 3 liters, and even better - to 5. Such a protective dome is removed when a minimum of 4 leaves.

Care broccoli

Although it is not difficult, but the cultivation of the standard rules should be followed.

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Watering

Feasibility of irrigation depends on the soil moisture.It is desirable to do or watering in the early morning or late afternoon, when the intensity of sunlight is reduced.The reason - in the water.It drops falling on the leaves begin to act as microscopic lenses that refract and focus the light.As a result, broccoli receives multiple burns.

If watering is organized by a different method, such as a capillary, it is possible to engage in irrigation at any time of the day.The main task - to ensure the penetration of water into the soil to the root system, at the same time excluding it hit on the leaves.That's it and need to be guided.Although the evening to practice and technique of sprinkling.

Weeding plots of land

Loosening with simultaneous removal of overgrown weeds - one of the components produce a good crop.Recommendations on this issue a lot, and very different.The author, based on his own experience of growing broccoli advises to do it when the soil dries out a bit after watering.This greatly simplifies weed control (they are easily pulled out of the ground with the roots).

In addition, the root system is not permanently deprived of the free penetration of air to it.If weeding to do, for example, a few days after watering, the whole time in the beds is stored invisible, microscopic crust left after water evaporation.It is the thicker, brighter than the sun shines.Experienced gardeners is observed more than once, especially if the site is not a pure black earth, and the earth with a large presence of clay.

fertilization

Much depends on the characteristics of the soil, its composition, the predominance / lack of certain chemical / elements.

Primary dressing - when landing in open ground around the third week.The easiest way to use bought-in preparations.Those who are more interested in folk remedies, it is possible to give one of the recipes - watering the beds with a solution made from manure and nettle (1 to 10).But be sure to sustain, to settle.
During the growing period, fertilizers are made twice.Use of potassium-phosphorus compounds.These two chemical / element most beneficial effect on the development of broccoli in an open ground.The specifics of the use of drugs, the frequency - all the information is on the package.

protection

pests Basically, broccoli, unlike many crops in the garden is almost no enemies.This is another plus for growing it.But in the period of development, when the leaves are still weak, they should be taken care of.

What decoction spray:

From the tops of tomatoes.At the 3 liters of water - 1 kg of tomato leaves.The half-hour boiling, cooling, and can be used.
pepper.Need not any, and bitter (planted in almost all the cottages).4 things fruit crushed and boiled about one hour in 1 liter of water.Naturally, with constant stirring.The resulting solution is aged at least one day.Then the substrate is poured into pure water bucket again mixed (it already), and used for spraying broccoli.

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Additional information

It will be useful to those who have not yet decided whether to grow broccoli on the site.

With proper care, you can assemble one season vegetable crop 2
In broccoli contains a lot of protein, and this indicator is not inferior to beef or chicken eggs.But in contrast, the cholesterol in the body after ingestion of such food is not concentrated.
Broccoli is used in various forms - raw, steamed, boiled.This allows you to significantly diversify the menu.

Useful tips

soil with high acidity for the broccoli is not something critical.Harvest can collect good, but the quality of cabbage will be called into question.The fact that such soils concentration increases risk of toxic vegetable chemical compounds and elements (mainly heavy metals).Increasing the "ecological purity" broccoli in practice it is achieved by neutralizing the acidity of the soil.One embodiment - based compost making 8,5 kg / m2.
to landing in the open ground it is desirable to select varieties of seeds early broccoli.
Provided that in the area planted different kinds of cabbage, broccoli should be put off from the rest (to share remotely).Otherwise, the so-called cross-pollination varieties which leads to mutation.
When transplanting broccoli for cultivation in open field, as well as other cultures, should be guided by the rules of crop rotation.More on this can be found here.
If carefully cut the cabbage without disturbing the root system, the stepchildren yield a second crop.The head is quite manage to fully ripen and gain weight due even before the first frosts.

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Do not wait until the full head is hard.With regard to subject young broccoli slice cabbage.This feature allows you to harvest at least a good second.
noticed - if truncation of heads engaged before sunrise or after sunset, the cabbage is kept much longer.The novice gardener makes sense to test this empirically - of the heads to collect, for example, in the morning, and the rest - in the afternoon.Storage Practice will show which method is best.Or vice versa - no difference.

The reader should be aware that one of the conditions for obtaining high yields of any culture - do not be afraid to experiment on your site.No information completely replace personal experience can not.

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