Storm sewage : the purpose and operation of

Appointment stormwater - the removal of rain and melt water from the roadway, sidewalks and squares.Livnevki settling on the city streets, in yards, on the territory of industrial enterprises, as well as in private households.Uninterrupted operation of stormwater is necessary to ensure not only the beauty and ease of movement: the stagnation of water and destroy the foundations of buildings, facades, sidewalks.Rainwater drainage after passes through the sump system is cleaned from mechanical impurities, and then dumped into the ground or flows in municipal wastewater treatment plants, thereby improving the environmental situation.

device types and

systems stormwater - a complex engineering structure, consisting of the elements of the respective destination.To the system stormwater include:

• trays, gutters to drain water from the surface;
• Sewer pipes to transport storm water;
• Storm-water inlets with bars;
• Manholes for the audit;
• drainage ditches, uniting drains into the line;
• Sands traps and waste bins;
• filters.

Depending on how you perform storm sewer system may be a point or linear drainage.Each system has its advantages and disadvantages.

livnevki point type performed by the closed bars street inlets are installed in areas of maximum accumulation of rainwater and meltwater: under gutters, pits in the door, as well as in the field of industrial water use.When the storm water drain point type with a waterproof covering areas should be kept if the envelope bias towards the gullies.After collecting the water passes through the pipes to the sump system, trash boxes and filters and enters the common rail.The advantages of such systems include ease of installation, safety and ease of use, greater bandwidth while collecting water from the roofs of buildings.Disadvantages - the complexity of this type of installation livnevki for drying the surface of the major roads and sidewalks.

Linear storm water drain - a system of gutters with a bias toward the pit.It is often used to remove rainwater from the roadway and the pedestrian part, paved areas.Linear livnevki should be performed using garbage bins and trash boxes, since it is possible to hit the large quantity of sand and street garbage.For ease of use and safety gratings are used, valves and ladders.The advantages of such a system - large volumes of wastewater with paved roads and sidewalks.Of the major drawbacks - the need for regular maintenance and removal of sand and debris from gutters, the possibility of rapid clogging.

Most modern systems of stormwater is provided with alarm systems clogging and overflowing.The equipment installed in the control and inspection of the collector wells, water tanks.Alarm systems facilitate livnevki service.

Preparations

Works on laying of stormwater begin with the development of the project.The terms of reference defined by the customer, after which the project organization on the basis of the initial data is implementing the project, including calculations, laying plan and installing the components stormwater and estimate documentation.

For the calculation you need the following information:

• average annual and seasonal precipitation and their intensity for a particular region;
• volume of storm water, including water drainage from the roof;
• of the coating drying surface;
• drainage area;
• location of underground utilities.

Based on the given conditions, bandwidth drains determine their diameter.When you plan the gasket is necessary to consider the topography and site requirements SNIP to ramp guttering and their diameter.For private buildings often use pipes with a diameter of 100-150 mm, the slope at the same time should not be less than 0.8 cm per meter of pipe.The depth of the tab also regulated SNIP and for pipes up to 200 mm is at least 30 cm in the southern regions and the least depth of soil freezing in the north.To reduce the depth of the gasket can be used a heater, the average depth in this case is approximately 70 cm

installation of pipes and installation of wells

Installation of sewerage systems is best left to professionals -. Their ability to significantlywider from experience and installation, using a special finishing techniques.systems maintenance best left to the same firm.Installation of the system involves several steps:

• Mount external sewerage system - drains from roofs, gutters linear drain.
• According to the plan the gasket to the desired depth dig a trench, the bottom seal and make a sand pillow.In this respect the necessary bias.Lay them in a pipe or trays, connect them.
• The place of installation of street inlets, as well as in places of connection to the backbone of the system is set sand traps, and, if necessary, and filters.Mount under external gutters drain boxes, with their carefully sealing, mounted grilles and waste bins.
• excavate under the wells.Manholes installed in places branching pipes, as well as single-long sections of pipe.Collectors - in places of association branches stormwater.Wells - essential elements of stormwater systems.That is correct and rational their installation to ensure the continued operation of the system and the ability to audit and cleaning livnevki for decades.
• connects all elements connected control system, if it is provided by the project.After that, the system test is carried out by pouring a few buckets of water at different water intakes.
• Buried trench and compacted soil.

Service stormwater systems

Service is timely procleaning, removing debris and sand from the gutters and pipes.To this end, reveal the protective grilles, their repair or exchange if necessary.Pipes on the long runs clean through manholes.Also check the correct operation of the control sensors.

Timely cleaning livnevki - not only guarantee of its trouble-free operation.Debris and silt deposited on the bottom, can accumulate harmful elements, increasing the concentration of heavy metals in the waste water, which adversely affects the environment.Particular care should be taken to clean up storm water systems where water release is done directly in the ground or in a body of water.

drainage system video