How to lay tile, brick

Product Benefits

distinctive feature of facing (or as it is called, facade) brick is that it accurately verified by size.So, at a certain skill brickwork will look very carefully.Even a novice will be easier to lay the material.

Places application bricks

before other types of exterior trim (siding, clinker tiles, natural stone) facing brick has the following advantages:

• suitable for walls made of any material: foam blocks,Reinforced Concrete, aerated concrete, ordinary brick, wood.
• high strength, and hence the durability.
• Large selection of colors, textures and sizes reveals a large scope for design solutions.
• That face brick hollow inside, it gives a small load on the foundation.
• good frost and moisture.
• high aesthetics of the material.

types of masonry and their features

By way of brick arrangement in a row there are three main types of masonry:

1. of bed (front): the facade is the biggest on the brick side of the square - his "bed."
2. stretcher: façade is a long narrow side brick (stretcher).
3. binder: outside the visible end of the brick - jab.

Types of masonry

alternation faces bricks in a row, as well as alternating rows of each other has given rise to the variety of styles and types of masonry in terms of decor.In addition, there are brands of bricks, provided for a particular type of masonry (kit consists of a set of different size bricks).There are four main ways of decorative paving bricks:

1. dressing "in a half-brick" - the classic masonry (stretcher or bed), in which the vertical seams are shifted horizontally by a half-brick.
2. Flemish ligation - in a row alternating stretcher and the binder types of clutches.
3. Stacked dressing - vertical seams are arranged in a single line.
4. American ligation - alternating rows of the binder and the stretcher (sometimes a bed) masonry.

Briefly give the characteristics of each species, dressing "in a half-brick" is recommended for beginners, who want to do their own finished wall.This kind of masonry requires minimal skill.Stacking masonry differs least resistance, so it is not necessary to impose on it any structural problems.Flemish bandaging is most often used to simulate a European design, as well as interiors."The American" is considered to be the most durable.

Types of masonry

Toolkit

Competent laying bricks is not possible without the necessary tools.You will need:

• Trowel (popularly referred to as a trowel) - steel blade with a handle, used for coating solution, removing excess alignment bricks.
• Building level - in order to smooth out the ranks.Better stock up on two levels: a long (not less than a meter) to determine the evenness of a number and a short (30-40 cm) for determining the position of a single brick.
• Building cord - as well as help determine the level of evenness series.
• Bulgarka and drives to her diamond-coated - used for cutting facing material.
• Hammer (Kirkovo can be brisk) - is used for accurate splitting bricks.Professional handlers are sometimes used for these purposes weighted trowel.
• metal rod with a square section 10 * 10 mm will help to make the joints between the rows of neat.
• metal rod with a circular cross section of 10 mm diameter is used for pointing.
• Anchor bolts and wire knitting need for a bunch of supporting walls and cladding.

Preparation for laying

few points that you should consider before you proceed directly to the laying of bricks.

substrate must be flat

Facing brick is placed strictly on the base.Therefore, if you are building a house "from scratch", then contemplate base width of 3-5 cm more than the width of the facing masonry.The stock is required for the air gap between the wall and cladding, is typically 25-30 mm.

If you want to update the already built house, at which construction was not considered possible facing, the base will have to step up.

From that, even if flooded basement depends reliability and the overall look of your future facing.Therefore, before you begin the installation, promerte level all areas.In the case of critical distortions eliminate irregularities grout.Immediately prior to laying the base sweep and clean it from debris, sand, small stones and other foreign elements.

Of course, if working with facing bricks are indoors, you need to take care not to flat socket, and a flat flooring.

little about tying

Facing a wall must necessarily be connected to the carrier.The most common use for a bunch of anchor bolts or tie wires.Bundle

anchors involves hammering them on the inner side wall so that its outer end extends between the rows of bricks (inside the joint).At the same time pay attention to the thickness of the anchor is on: it depends on the thickness of the seam, and should be about half that.That is, when the seam thickness of 10 mm 4.6 mm anchor permissible diameter.

Tying wire as follows.The bearing wall anchors are driven, and the wire is fixed therein so that its outer part laid between the rows, but does not protrude outwardly facing.

frequency installation of such fixtures is typically 5-6 per square meter.That is, they should share the horizontal of 50-70 cm, and a vertical four rows.However, such methods bunch more suitable for those who are going to ennoble the facade has long built homes.When home construction from the ground up (brick, aerated concrete or foam blocks) currently used wire or plastic mesh masonry, fix load-bearing wall between the rows.And its flexible protruding parts fit comfortably between the rows of facing bricks.

solution - a head

properly stirred solution - is at least half of beautiful and durable cladding.For lining the walls are advised to use cement with a high resistance to frost and weather.This is usually the M500 or M550.The difference between the marks in the curing rate.M500 suit novice, put a brick leisurely pace.M550 is chosen by those who are confident in their skills and running quickly.

Sand desirable to use a small fraction.It is stirred at the rate of 4: 1 - four parts of sand and one part cement.Water is poured in small portions and mix thoroughly until the mixture is smooth.The solution should be sufficiently thick.This option is checked very easy: roll out of the solution a small ball of 10-15 mm in diameter.If it holds its shape well and does not break, the desired consistency is reached.Also do not forget that for facing the solution yet dries quickly.Therefore, it is not necessary to mix a large amount at once - you will scrupulous work.

Getting laying

Then we formed step by step instructions for laying bricks.

Step 1. The lower row.

Before laying the bricks briefly soaked in water, so they are not pulling the moisture out of the solution.Since the length of the wall is not always a multiple of the number of bricks, the bottom row is traditionally placed without solution - to be able to cut bricks if necessary.However, as we have said, the professionals do not advise to violate the integrity of the lining.Bypass complexity by using fine adjust the vertical seam thickness: 1-1.5 mm at its increase or decrease in most cases, allows to combine the length of the wall with a certain amount of whole bricks.However, people who are not familiar with the laying, we still recommend to do in the bottom row without a solution.

Step 2. Angles

Laying always start with the corners.They must be put to a height of 5-6 series.To do this, place the square rod at the outer edge of the lower row of already laid.Take the solution with a trowel and gently apply it to the bottom row.Smooth coat and lay on top of a brick so that it is firmly laid down on a metal rod along the entire length.Attach the level and if necessary, then tap handle trowel other side of the brick, which is skewed.Once achieve horizontal evenness, gently pull the rod and remove excess solution.Then repeat the operation on the other side of the angle.So raise the required number of rows.

Step 3. Laying series

Next, you will directly lining the walls.In the corner of the second row of bricks needed to pull the cord construction, and fix it on top of the bricks.This cord - the level of your second row, all of the bricks in this series must lie flush with the upper edge of it.

Arrange the second row of bricks nearby.They have to stand on end.Put a square rod on the bottom row and apply a solution similar to the solution application on the corners.When applying with a trowel a little mixture on the ends facing bricks at hand, laid them neatly in a row.Each brick trowel inciting handle until it snaps precisely "on the cord."Once the bricks are stacked on the entire length of the rod, it must be carefully removed.

this way, placing and removing the rod, and using the cord as a level, you will move along each row.

Step 4. Slopes

slopes of windows and doorways often are placed on the principle of angular or binder masonry.But it is often used a brick of a different color to give a variety of finishes.

version of angles and slopes facing

Assume also ledge sloping brick cladding on a common level.

Step 5. Grouting

Once you have laid the series 5-6, you need to stop.First, the solution should be seized, so that you can, without fear of deformation, continue to lay the upper ranks.Second, until the mixture has not been fully froze to do grouting - their decorative alignment.

first removed from the facade solution chips, trim and neaten moistened with water.For jointing requires a special solution of cement, lime and sand.Cement, lime interfere in equal proportions and then added ten parts sand.All of this is diluted with water to give a paste.This mass and should fill the seams.

In describing the tools we mentioned a metal round rod 10 mm in diameter.Classical jointing - polugruglaya, so you can use the rod.However, there are many kinds of dilatation.To make the seams desired shape using a special tool, which is called - jointing.With him in the kit are usually different nozzles.

What we must not forget

In conclusion, I would like to mention a few nuances, which we should not forget when laying bricks:

• Fancy slopes can be performed immediately.Firstly, there is not too much load on the joint.And secondly, it will save time on the transposition of scaffolding.
• every 3-4 rows of bricks, check the entire length of level.So you will be able to minimize distortions.
• If cladding made indoors or have even finished with the repair, then observed the same technology only with exceptional accuracy.
• Make sure that the gap between the carrier wall and facing demolition waste did not fall.It must be empty for better ventilation and insulation.
• Try to get rid of the dirt on the front surface of the bricks as fast as possible.Wipe them with a sponge or cloth immediately - then get rid of these corrections will be very difficult.