SNIP 2.04.14-88 * - Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines

SNIP 2.04.14-88 * - Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines

building regulations

thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines

SNIP 2.04.14-88 *

DESIGNED VNIPITeploproekt Minmontazhspetsstroya USSR VV Popov - Leaders, LVStavritskaya ;candidate tehn. VG SciencesPetrov-Denisov , ILMaisel , VIKalinin ; AILisenkova , OVDibrovenko , VNGordeeva ), TsNIIProekt USSR State Construction Committee (IM Gubakina ), VNIIPO Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (the candidate tehn. Sciences MN Kolganova , RZ Fahrislamov ).

INCLUDED Ministry of erection and special construction works of the USSR.

prepared for approval by the Office of standardization and technical standards in the construction of the State Construction Committee of the USSR ( GM Chorin , VA Glukharev ).

With the introduction of SNIP 2.04.14-88 pazd are repealed.8 and adj.12-19 SNIP 2.04.07-86 "Heating networks" section.13 and Appendix.6-8 SNIP II-35-76 "Boilers", CH 542-81, "Guide for design of thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines of industrial enterprises", section 7 CH 527-80, "Guide for the design process of steel pipe Py to 10 MPa"Div.6 CH 550-82, "Guide for the design of industrial pipelines of plastic pipes," Sec. 1.5 of SNiP 2.04.05-86 "Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning."

In SNIP 2.04.14-88 * amended number 1, adopted by the Resolution of the State Construction Committee of Russia December 31, 1997 № 18-80.

When using the standard document should take into account the changes approved by building regulations state standards, published in the journal "Bulletin of construction machinery", "Compendium of changes to building regulations," the State Construction Committee of the USSR and the information index "of the USSR State Standards" State Standard of the USSR.

State Construction Committee of the USSR (the USSR State Committee for Construction)	Building Regulations	SNIP 2.04.14-88 *
Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines	Instead Sec.8 and adj.12-19 SNIP II-35-76, CH 542-81, Sec.7 CH 527-80, pazd.6 CH 550-82, item 1.5 SNIP 2.04.05-86

These building regulations must be observed when designing the thermal insulation of the outer surface of equipment, piping and ductwork in buildings, facilities and outdoor installations with temperatures they contain substancesfrom minus 180 to 600 ° C.

These rules do not apply to the design of thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines containing and transporting explosives, insulated storage of liquefied gases, buildings and facilities for the production of explosives and storage, nuclear power plants and installations.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. for heat insulation of equipment, pipes and ducts, as a rule, should be used full assembly or complete factory-built construction, as well as the pipes with heat insulation of full operational readiness.

1.2. For pipelines of thermal networks, including valves, flanges and joints, thermal insulation must be provided regardless of the coolant temperature and laying methods.

to return pipelines of heating networks at DN

1.3. Valves, flanged connections, manholes, joints should be insulated if the insulated pipe or equipment on which they are installed.

1.4. The design should also comply with the requirements for thermal insulation, contained in other normative documents approved by or agreed with the State Construction Committee of the USSR.

2. Requirements for thermal insulation assemblies,
products and materials

2.1. Thermal insulation design should include the following elements:

insulation layer;

reinforcements and fasteners;

vapor barrier;

coating layer.

Protective Coating insulated surface from corrosion is not a part of the insulating structure.

2.2. The insulating construction vapor barrier should be provided at the insulated surface is below 12 ° C.The need for vapor barrier device at a temperature of 12 to 20 ° C is determined by calculation.

2.3. for thermal insulation layer of equipment and pipelines with positive temperatures they contain substances for all modes of pads other than channel-free, you should use materials and articles with an average density of less than 400 kg / m3 and a thermal conductivity of not more than 0.07 W / (m × ° C) (at 25 ° C and humidity specified in the relevant state standards and specifications for materials and articles).Allowed to use cords of asbestos for insulation of pipelines nominal diameters up to 50 mm inclusive.

for insulation of surfaces with temperatures above 400 ° C as the first layer is allowed to use products with a thermal conductivity of 0.07 W / (m × ° C).

2.4. for thermal insulation layer of equipment and pipelines with negative temperatures should be used insulating materials and products with an average density of less than 200 kg / m3 and a thermal conductivity calculated in the design of not more than 0.07 W / (m × ° C).

Note.When choosing a heat insulating structure surface with a temperature of 19 ° C to 0 is assumed to be the surfaces with negative temperatures.

Made Ministry of erection and special construction works of the USSR

Approved by Decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR on August 9, 1988 № 155

term administration into effect January 1, 1990

2.5. number of layers in the insulating material vapor barrier structures for equipment and piping with negative temperatures substances contained in them is shown in Table.1.

2.6., specified in the relevant layer for thermal insulation of pipelines with positive temperature at the channel-free laying of the materials to be applied at an average density of not more than 600 kg / m3 and a thermal conductivity of not more than 0.13 W / (m × ° C) at a temperature of 20 ° C, the material and humiditystate standards or technical conditions.

design of thermal insulation of pipelines with underground laying must have a compressive strength of not less than 0.4 MPa.

thermal insulation of pipelines, designed for underground laying, should be carried out in the factory.

2.7. Settlement characteristics of thermal insulation materials and products should be taken by reference to Annexes 1 and 2.

2.8. Thermal insulation design should include materials that provide:

heat flow through the surface of the insulated equipment and piping according to a given technological regime or normalized heat flux;

exception allocation during the operation of hazardous, flammable and explosive, malodorous substances in quantities exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations;

exception separation during operation of pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi.

2.9. Removable thermal insulation design should be used for the insulation covers, flanges, fittings, seals and expansion joints of pipelines, as well as in the field of measurement and check the status of insulated surfaces.

2.10. Application of the filling pipe insulation for underground laying in the channels and channel-free is not allowed.

2.11. for heat insulation of equipment and pipelines containing substances that are active oxidants should not be used spontaneously combustible materials and modifying the physical and chemical, including explosive and flammable properties in contact with them.

Table 1

Vapour material	Thickness	number of layers of vapor barrier material at different temperatures of the insulated surface and the timing of operation
insulating structure from minus 60 to 19 ° C	from minus 61 to minus100 ° C	below minus100 ° C
8 years	12 years	8 years	12 years	8 years	12 years
Plastic film, GOST 10354-82	0, 15-0,2 0,21-0,3 0,31-0,5	February 1	1 2 2 1	2 2 1	2 2 1	3 2 2	- March 2
Aluminium foil, GOST 618-73	0,06-0,1	1	2	2	2	2	2
Isolation, GOST 10296-79	2	1	2	2	2	2	2
Ruberoid, GOST 10923-82	1,5	1 2 3	- 3	- 3	- -	- -	- -
Notes: 1. The polyethylene film may be replaced on the polyvinyl butyral film adhesive in accordance with GOST 9438-85;Polyvinyl chloride tapes sticky TU 6-19-103-78, TU 102-320-82;polyethylene shrink film according to GOST 25951-83 in compliance with the thicknesses specified in the table.2. The application of other materials to provide the water vapor resistance rate not lower than that given in the table.For materials with closed porosity, having a water vapor permeability coefficient of less than 0.1 mg / (m × h × Pa), in all cases taken one vapor barrier.In the application of the filling foam vapor barrier is not installed.Stitches vapor barrier must be sealed;at a temperature of insulated surface below minus 60 ° C, it should also produce a seal coating layer joints sealants or adhesives film.in constructions do not use metal fasteners extending through the entire thickness of the insulating layer.Fasteners or parts thereof should be provided from materials having a thermal conductivity at 0.23 W / (m × ° C).Wood fasteners to be processed antiseptic composition.Steel parts fasteners should be painted with bituminous paint.

2.12. for equipment and pipelines, subject to impact and vibration, should not be used heat-insulating products based on mineral wool and Sediment heat insulating structure.

2.13. for equipment and piping installed in the shops for the production and storage buildings for food, chemical and pharmaceutical products should be used insulation materials, avoid contamination of the surrounding air.Under coating layer of non-metallic materials in the areas of storage and food processing installation should include a grid of steel wire with a diameter of at least 1 mm with a mesh size of not more than 12x12 mm.

Application of thermal insulation products made of mineral wool or basalt superthin fiber is allowed only in the plates on all sides of the glass or kremnezёmnoy fabrics and a metal coating layer.

2.14. list of materials used for the cover layer is shown in the recommended application 3.

Do not use metal coated layers when laying underground pipelines.The cover layer of steel cold-rolled coated (metal) is not allowed to use in places exposed to direct sunlight.

When using sprayed polyurethane foam for pipelines laid in the channels allowed the coating layer is not provided.

2.15. Insulation design of combustible material is not allowed to provide for equipment and pipelines located:

a) in buildings, except buildings IV a and V degrees of fire resistance, single and semi-detached houses and refrigerators refrigerated rooms;

b) external processing plants, other than freestanding equipment;

c) on the ramps and galleries in the presence of cables and pipelines transporting flammable substances.

This allowed the use of combustible materials:

vapor barrier is not more than 2 mm thick;

coloring layer or film is not more than 0.4 mm thick;

coating layer pipelines located in the technical basements and subfields with access only to the outside of buildings I and II degrees of fire resistance at the device inserts a length of 3 meters of noncombustible materials is not less than 30 m length of pipeline;

insulation layer of polyurethane foam during the casting coating layer of galvanized steel vessels and pipelines containing combustibles at minus 40 ° C or lower in the external processing units.

coating layer of slow-burning material that is used for processing units external height of 6 m or more, should be based on the fiberglass.

2.16. for pipelines aboveground gasket when applying heat-insulation constructions of combustible materials should include the insertion length of 3 meters of noncombustible materials is not less than 100 m length of the pipeline, areas of thermal insulation constructions made of non-combustible material at least 5 m away from the process units containing flammable gases andliquid.

When crossing pipeline fire barrier is necessary to provide thermal insulation construction of non-combustible materials within the size of a fire barrier.

3. CALCULATION OF THERMAL INSULATION

3.1 * Calculation of the thermal insulation layer thickness is made:.

a) the normalized density of the heat flow through an insulated surface, which should be taken:

for equipment and pipelines with positive temperatureslocated in the open air - in mandatory Appendix 4 (Table 1, 2.), located in the premises, - in mandatory Appendix 4 (Table 3, 4.);

for equipment and pipelines with negative temperatures, arranged outdoors - in mandatory Appendix 5 (Table 1.), Located in the premises, - in mandatory Appendix 5 (Table 2).

for steam with condensate at their joint laying in impassable channels - in mandatory Appendix 6;

for pipes twin water heat networks while laying in impassable channels and underground channel-free laying - on obligatory * Annex 7 (Table 1, 2).

When designing the thermal insulation of technological pipelines, laid in the channels and channel-free, heat flux density rules should be taken for pipelines laid in the open air;

b) for a given value of the heat flow;

c) for a given value of the cooling (heating) of the substance stored in tanks for a certain time;

g) for a given decrease (increase) the temperature of the substance being transported by pipelines;

etc.) for a given amount of condensate in steam lines;

e) at a specific time of suspension movement of the liquid substance in the pipes in order to prevent it from freezing or viscosity increase;

g) the temperature on the surface of the insulation, take no more, ° C:

for insulated surfaces located in the working or service premises and the area containing the substance:

temperature above 100 ° C ............................................. 45

temperature of 100 ° C and below ........................................... 35

vapor flashpoint not exceeding 45 ° C............. 35

for insulated surfaces located outdoors in the working or service area, with:

metal coating layer .................................... 55

for other types of coating layer ............................... 60

temperature on the surface of the thermal insulation of pipelines outside the labor or service area, shall not exceed the temperature limits of the products of the coating layer, but not higher than 75 ° C;

h) in order to prevent condensation of moisture from ambient air onto the coating layer of thermal insulation equipment and pipelines containing substance at a temperature below ambient temperature.2.4.Note.