Monolithic foundation with his own hands

solid foundation - a variety of designs, performed by pouring concrete into the form of a certain configuration, called formwork with metal or carbon fiber reinforcement.The result is a one-piece design that can withstand compressive and tensile, so based on solid foundations can be built as a small, lightweight construction, and massive high-rise buildings.

Features monolithic foundations

Advantages concrete monolithic foundation:

• Concrete seamless design are highly durable and can withstand heavy loads, both on the side of the building, and from the ground.This quality is particularly important in the construction of buildings on the heaving soils;
• Solid foundations are fast enough, especially when using special equipment;
• can be of any shape and configuration, which is useful when the grounds for non-standard form of the building;
• is resistant to moisture with proper waterproofing;
• feature simple exterior and interior.

Disadvantages:

• bad insulation.Concrete has a high thermal conductivity, and contained in a monolithic foundation reinforcement provides additional thermal bridges.Therefore, monolithic concrete foundation required insulation;
• cost of the work is high, when the device monolithic foundation with a full basement can reach 1/3 of the cost of building the entire draft of the box.

Species monolithic foundations

Solid floor with basement performed during the construction of buildings with the number of floors for more than three.This foundation is able to withstand heavy loads due to the large area of ​​contact with the ground.Stove simultaneously plays the role of the basement floor.high cost of the foundation.The appropriateness of such a foundation in private construction is only in a few cases:

• necessity of the construction of the basement is used in the area with weak or prone to frost heave, with closely spaced groundwater;
• house with the number of more than three floors, irregularly shaped.

performance technology:

1. Dig a foundation pit depth of 0.5 meters higher than the calculated.
2. bottom line the pit, poured sand-gravel pillow, leveled and tamped.
3. Perform formwork floors and walls, while just doing mortgages for output communication, doorways and air holes in the pipes.Formwork inside of the wall to perform better in rough-board - it facilitates the subsequent finishing of the basement walls.
4. Stack waterproofing layer: waterproof membrane, film or roofing material.
5. determined by the valve of a metal rod D12-D16, rods fastened with a wire binding.
6. Pour concrete formwork, "punch" concrete vibrators to remove air bubbles and seal.
7. Withstand about a month to complete the concrete maturation.

Solid floor, or "floating foundation» - foundation design for building without a basement.This foundation can be made on any ground, including the weak, loose, prone to heave and marshy soils.At ground motions the entire structure moves with them, eliminating the deformation of the building.The clear advantage of this foundation - simple implementation, and thus sufficient strength capable of withstanding heavy loads.The cost of implementation of the foundation slab is not as high as when the plate with a basement, and is comparable to the pile foundation.About slab foundation read more on our website.

Such a foundation can not be performed in areas with steep gradients and in areas prone to flooding, as the floor height of the building will be small - the floor will serve as the foundation surface.

performance technology:

1. On a construction site removed the top layer of soil, leveled it.
2. Perform the sand-gravel cushion thickness up to half a meter.
3. Perform formwork made of boards or slabs fibrovoloknistoy.
4. put a layer of waterproofing is often used for these purposes a polyethylene film of 200 microns.
5. prepared base reinforced with a mesh or grid of metal bars.
6. poured concrete, compacted his vibrator and smooth.Allow the concrete to set industrial strength for 3-4 weeks.

belt solid foundation on pillars - the most popular type of foundation for the construction of cottages and private homes.Runs in the form of a monolithic tape height of 1 meter with supports, deepened to 1,6-2 meters at the corners and intersections of walls.This foundation is resistant to any movements of the soil, in addition, it allows for the construction of a basement, which is often used in cottages as a technical floor or garage.

performance technology:

1. Align section, remove the top layer of soil and carry out marking.
2. Dig a trench around the perimeter of the tape base.At the points of the installation drill bearings perform well for piles.
3. walls of the wells, if necessary, reinforce the shuttering of boards or pipes, rebar set that goes beyond the level of the ground to the height of the basement and poured concrete well.
4. Perform formwork strip foundation of the building boards.Stack of several layers of reinforcement rods, connecting their layers and between the layers of short lengths of wire rod via.
5. Pour concrete formwork, "punch" concrete vibrator and level the concrete plane of the mirror.
6. set the foundation strength lasts up to 4 weeks.

Belt melkozaglublenny solid foundation - cheaper design, often used in the construction of small houses and buildings.The height of the foundation in this case does not exceed half a meter.It is not recommended its construction on strongly heaving soils.performing a whole technology is similar to the previous embodiment, except that it is not required to perform piles.

All solid foundations have a common drawback: due to the high thermal conductivity, they require concrete basement walls insulation.Warming is performed from the outside - it allows not only to insulate the basement from the cold, but also to protect the concrete from freezing itself, and thus prevent its premature failure.

Also read about asbestos cement foundation and about the foundation bored with his own hands.