Sewerage own hands

Become a good host private suburban area - it is not only to build a house and other necessary buildings - garage, commercial, utility rooms.Make sure the site requires a lot of attention arrangement - installation of fences and barriers, gates, landing derevev¸ required the creation of recreation areas, broken down beds or vegetable garden, construction of greenhouses and more.And to make it all his own magnificence created served for as long as possible , care must be taken still one important component - the sewer.

Speech in this case is not about that familiar sewers for household sewage , of which, incidentally, always remember it.But about the other often forgotten - I mean « livnevki ».But the storm water drain with their hands - a problem oh what a difficult, but no less necessary.Forget about it , and even more so - deliberately ignore would be unforgivable.

is not necessary to hope that the huge mass of water falling on the site after the summer storm rains or during prolonged autumn rains, during the spring snowmelt mass, will leave of their own accord, "go away."All this without

livnevki may result in flooded basements or cellars, soggy floors on the first floor and Combining , rapid "aging" the foundations of buildings, cracking caps and blind areas around them, erosion and the complete destruction of paved paths entrance to the house andwalkways, waterlogging area, loss of garden plants, other serious trouble.

In short, it is better one time to do a quality storm sewers than constantly dealing with the consequences "of water invasion."We read, memorize, learn!

What is storm water drain.Key elements its

task stormwater is simple and clear - it is necessary in the territory served by the site to collect all rainwater or melt water in a specially laid for this communication, organized redirect its to undergo primary filtration, if necessary - additional cleaningand then - to collect in the container accumulating or drop into existing urban sewage collectors in their own drainage collector with further output filtration fields or to the drain in the natural pond .

speak about any single model of stormwater - is simply impossible. Its design can be either very simple or complicated, branched, equipped with modern water purification devices.It depends and from the serving area, and from , its features, and from intensity and volumes drop down precipitation, and from degree of water pollution, and by other factors. Nevertheless , we can talk about an generality of the basic elements livnevki , which in some species are present in any of the established schemes.

1 - One of the most important components - the system of collecting rainwater from the roofs of residential houses and any additional extensions. Her task - to collect all volume of water in one direction (or in some organized flow) then to redirect its in communication livnevki .

In this paper, it will not be considered - the drain on the roof separate article of our portal.

2 - Streams of water should fall, primarily , in gullies .There are two options - linear and point.

- with linear scheme play the role of storm-water inlets trays ( trough ) installed at ground level and climbed on top of bars .Typically, this approach provides a small artificial surface slope in the direction of the tray.By the way, long trays and do a good job with the role of the transfer of water flow in the direction of the reservoir - and this is the potential savings on the pipes and on the excavation.

- at a point location headers to them is bias "envelope type."Typical installation locations such receivers water - a vertical pipes drain extending from the roof, near the entrance to the building - in the pits at the door, near the water intake in the yard and etc .Storm-water inlets are always associated with a system of underground communications stormwater.

As a rule, in the "pure" form, none of the schemes does not apply - usually livnevki combines total system and linear, and point the installation guidelines.

3 - tools for previously, "rough" filtration of water - here can be attributed lattice , baskets, sand traps, septic tanks.The problem, - not allow to enter large amounts of debris in the underground utilities to avoid their rapid clogging.

Very often these devices are an integral part inlets .

4 - a system of underground pipes that provide water transfer from inlets to collectors or discharge point.

5 - not even much extensive system of underground communication can not do without pits - they allow you to carry out regular monitoring and preventive measures to avoid clogging sewage.

6 - possible for owners of private suburban areas where created storm sewer, it has such a high value, but it is impossible not to mention the water purification system.For example, rainwater runoff from city streets, highways, parking lots, industrial areas or food businesses must pass a mandatory post-treatment cycle, or simply not be discharged into municipal sewers.Thus, the water passes benzootdelenie oil in special devices, fine coal filters and other necessary steps under specific conditions.By the way, it opens up opportunities for big savings - for example, car washes, storm sewers which are equipped with modern filtration and treatment systems, "secondary" water is again quite useful for car washing.

Whatever it was, clear storm drains into natural water bodies prohibited in urban environments.To put or not in his own farm aftertreatment system - it's the owner of the site, although it is not excluded that such requirements can address environmental oversight (for example, the opening of the garage on its territory, the other a mini-enterprise and etc .)

7 - Finally , final paragraphs reflux Transporting water.This may be accumulating a reservoir of water which can be spent on technical or agricultural goal (just enough to install submersible pump).If there is no demand, the water can be discharged through the collector to filter the field or simply dumped in the natural pond or to a centralized sewer system .

Now, to be able to choose the right needs to be done to the newly created drainage, the main elements will be considered more closely .

Trays and point gullies

begin consideration from the very beginning, with the rain water collection points.

a) trays

As already noted, in the storm sewer, which is completely or fragmentary organized on a linear basis, the main place water collection are trays.It would seem that nothing can be simpler, and yet they also have a certain classification according to several parameters.

• If this element livnevki is on the surface, he just can not help but feel some or other external mechanical loads.Depending on the installation site of the tray, you can select one of the classes of load capacity:

Class permissible	Tray load limit mechanical stress	typical place of use
A15	to 1,5 m	weakest trays, are used only in pedestrian zones, bicycle paths, park areas on the perimeter of private houses, etc.
V125	to 12.5 tons	quite cope with the mass of the car, so it is widely used in car parks and car washes in the garage cooperatives.Probably the best solution for livnevki private home.
C250	to 25.0 tons	trays are used in road construction, gas stations, in large garages, car service companies
D400	to 40.0 tons	intended for roads with high intensityfreight and passenger traffic on the territory of industrial and transport companies
E600	to 60.0 tons	large logistics centers, including - marinas, railway junctions etc.
F900	to 90.0 tons	special purpose objects with possible eektremalnymi loads, such as airports, military bases, etc.

• next parameter selection tray - is its capacity.It can not be less than the calculated data for a particular site (about settlement system bude see below).The main indicator - the diameter of the hydraulic cross section (DN) - the value of which should correspond to the input trays pipes.
• Finally, the manufacture of tray material - there are also a few options:

- Concrete trough - the most durable of all produced. Those of them, who are classified as E600 (or F900), have full flexibility and can be applied universally .

Concrete trays are fixed depth gutter, but some are available with a sloping bottom surface that allows for the required slope (about 5%) to drain the water.The trays can be rectangular, trapezoidal or rounded shape.Hydraulic-section - - from DN100 to DN500 .The height of the tray wall varies depending on the bandwidth of - from 90 to 760 mm.The usual form of release - trough length of 1000 mm, with locking part for reliable connection.

The main disadvantage of these trays - massiveness.Even a relatively small section of gutter with hydraulic DN 150 weight one section - is about 100 kg.

F / b-trays usually equipped with iron bars .For small-diameter trays can be packaged and lattice of stainless steel.

- Plastic trays - the most popular variation nt to I livnevok in those areas where it is not supposed to heavy loads.They are made of polyethylene or polypropylene.According class strength - this from A to With , ie conditions of private buildings - is enough.

Hydraulic Dia mp mp astikovyh trays - from DN70 and typically up to DN300 .The length of the standard - 1000 mm.Easy locking system makes it possible not only to embed linear structure, but also make the side branch or attach trough the pipes. Grilles can be supplied stainless steel or plastic are the same.

Convenient polymeric parts of its light weight - the installation will not require too much effort and lifting equipment.

- polimerbetonov trays - a relatively new type of product.For the production of the composite used, which will troughs dignity and concrete, and plastic. However , they are much more durable and easier to double the concrete and durable polymer.Models from DN 100 to 200 - a perfect solution for residential buildings.

- Polymer trays - it is almost eternal articles obtained by fusion of polymer raw materials from small fraction quartz sand, followed by molding and pressing.As a result - and complete chemical inertness of the resulting material, and its highest strength.

By the way, the technology is not very expensive, so tse on to of polymer products is quite acceptable.The mass of the products - almost three times lower than concrete , therefore, costs of transportation, handling and installation is also significantly reduced.

Usually Polymer trays produced in sizes from DN70 to DN150 strength class C 250. Chutes equipped with all the necessary details.

b ) Storm-water inlets

In livnevki , which are organized by the type of a point, the main catchment place are gullies .Typical places of installation:

• right under gutters that collect rainwater or melt water from the roof.Often, the drainpipe even enters Street inlet , and it becomes its continuation.
• At the edge of the roadway.
• In places where the slopes are crossed the territory (natural or artificially created).
• Input group - lattice , space bathing or cleaning shoes at the entrance door of the house.

to long to dwell on the materials for their manufacture, it can be noted that they are identical with the material trays (with one exception - there gullies , cast entirely of cast iron).

The individual building most commonly used plastic or composite elements you .They generally have a cubic shape with each edge length 300 or 400 mm.As on the sides or bottom are provided adapters for easy and quick tie-standard diameter pipes.

In addition, it gives still one possibility - if for operational characteristics sewer at the point you want to Street inlet increased capacity, the