Chimney for solid fuel boilers

Chimney - is one of the most important elements of the auxiliary heating system at home, without which it could not properly and safely operate.It can be constructed of metal or ceramic tubes or bricks laid out.Its main purpose - removal from the boiler combustion of gaseous fuel waste, and the prevention of their penetration into the premises of the house.

Dymoho qq A solid fuel boiler must be different enhanced operability and reliability , since it determines the efficient operation of the heater, and then , the temperature in the rooms.To fume extraction process took place normally, you need good traction, which determines the efficiency of the chimney system.

For chimney right choice for a specific boiler is necessary to study the technical characteristics of the system, which will help identify its performance and quality.

Since all tube design is primarily aimed at on achieving good traction, and consider this property in the first place.

The provided reliable flue thrust

As mentioned above, a good and steady traction - is the main requirement for anychimney system.Link occurs when the temperature difference - hot air from flushing the boiler rises , carrying with it the gases formed during combustion.

other important factors affecting the intensity of thrust, is the pressure difference in furnace in the atmosphere, the temperature of flue gas drops, wind strength and direction, the unevenness of the fuel burning and others.

Temperature in boilers working with wood, after the heat output of the heating circuit can vary from 100 to 350 degrees, and some high-calorie fuels may reach higher values.When fueling the boiler temperature sharply rises, and in the transition to the standard operating mode is stabilized.All these factors directly affect traction.

the presented diagram shows the approximate value of the temperature at the outlet of heating devices of various types, corresponding to the degree of danger or vulnerability of different chimney systems, recommended materialsmounting chimney pipes.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account the design of the chimney - its length and cross-sectional size of the pipe, number of bends and the presence of knee bends, as well as the degree of smoothness of the inner surface.

If the chimney pipe is straight, has no corners and narrowed toward the exit, then thrust it will be as high as hot air rises on the principle of a spiral - created additional turbulence flow.

If you do not take into account all of the above parameters, the removal of the combustion of waste will meet on the road obstacles such as irregularities of the walls and corners.This can lead to the mixing of air and gases, having different temperatures, which often leads to the opposite effect, the guide smoke in the room. Therefore, in the construction of the chimney should be possible to reduce or completely eliminate the device and bending the knees.

rules work effectively chimney

For safe and efficient operation of chimney system, which is designed to create a comfortable atmosphere in the house, you must adhere to certain requirements for this design.These include:

• Ensuring stable traction on than mentioned above.
• Resistance chimney materials to high temperature stress.
• Protection against moisture penetration and the emergence of the condensate.
• resistance to aggressive environmental influences and leaving the channel gases.

Building Code designated the following requirements to chimneys:

• chimney pipe must rise to a height of not less than 5- five meters.
• When this system is used the heating element metal parts, they must be made of stainless steel having a thickness of not less than 0.5 mm.
• Dia tr tr Uba metal must correspond to the size of the metal pipe of the boiler or slightly exceed it.
• Metal chimney should not have more than three turns or bends, and their radius should not be smaller than the diameter flue pipe.
• Brick chimney is more complex in its structure, and consists of several chimney channels.At the bottom of each chamber or pouch for collecting sooty deposits should be located.Each camera installed doors, which allow cleaning of channels while reducing draft in the chimney.

All these requirements contribute underpressure allocated gases, create good traction and as a result the effective operation of the boiler.

Construction chimneys

Since smoke goes best on spiral trajectories, optimal for the flue pipe shape is round or oval its section that will provide the most effective removal of gases.When you select a square or rectangular cross-section, a hundred is usually the case with brick chimneys, significantly reduced craving, at the corners are unnecessary air turbulence and smoke can even go in the opposite direction.In addition, the internal surfaces of a pipe is going much more sooty deposits.

For each particular structure and boiler are selected individual parameters, but the principle remains design the same, the purpose of which - create a good draft.

• Straight pipe exiting through the attic floor and the roof, has a simple structure and is much more effective in the work, because heated, it gives warm room, through which passes.Straight tube well installed in a two-story house, as coming from her heat further warms the room on the second floor.
• Chimney coming through the wall and secured to it from the outside, has its advantages - he did not clutter the space and is completely safe for the tenants, as in the case and happen leak bled from the boiler gas, they do not get into the living space.

Negative its qualities include rapid cooling of the flue, and then - higher costs of fuel. moreover, such chimneys are much higher probability of rapid accumulation of condensate.

Video: types of chimneys and requirements him

Since Chimney systems can be built from different materials, it is necessary to consider each of them.

chimneys of brick

known that the brick oven with chimney, built of the same material, traditionally heated with wood and coal , so this type of chimney system can rightly be considered a long passed the test of time.

channels The internal structure of the furnace may include enough extensive network chimney channels - it depends on its design and the number of additional built-in functional elements.However, all the channels are always reduced to the push-tube, which is a continuation of the furnace.In this part of the metal damper can be adjusted by means of which the gas exhaust control.To this tube, already present in the home, it may well be connected and heating boiler at solid fuel.

• push-tube spread from a brick vperevyazku , in accordance with the scheme poryadovoy masonry.This part is not brought to a ceiling of 5 - 7 series - distance will depend on the height of the ceiling and the heater design.
• Next begins laying fuzz - expansion of the outer part of the pipe while maintaining an internal dimension of chimney holes.Fuzz takes role reliable insulation chimney channel, which when generated furnace heat, from wooden beams and other combustible materials overlap.

• fuzz may have a different number of rows - it depends on the thickness of the intermediate floors, but it should rise after the release of the attic or in a room on the second floor, least , onone or two rows.
• Next laid riser - it passes through the attic or second floor, and at the approach to the rafter system, this part of the pipe expands again to a half-brick.This its section called otter and consists of eight - nine rows of masonry.
• Otter is designed not only to play the role of thermal insulation fume collection channel tube from the rafters and roofing material, but also as a barrier against the penetration of precipitation into the openings between the roof and the walls of the pipes in the loft space.Otter
• cement finishing ends of the ramp and moves in a neck tube which has the same perimeter size as the riser.
• neck consists of six or seven rows of masonry, and followed by her final part - headroom , consisting of two or three series.
• To protect channel pipes from precipitation and various debris, the top tip is fixed metal umbrella or cap.

brick chimney, built of high-quality fire-resistant bricks, heat resistant to 800 - 850 degrees - that is, when used in conjunction with a solid fuel boiler heating has still and huge stock reliability.However, due to the fact that the brick chimney channels do not have a perfectly smooth surface and sub-optimal to exit rectangular smoke inside will quickly deposited sooty plaque .Therefore often vvnutr brick chimney install metal pipe.

More a very original modern method to optimize the brick chimney, the installation is within the channel of a special polymer flexible hose from a special material.A typical example - the chimneys mark «FuranFlex» . After sleeve stretched around the stretch of brick chimney, it is filled with hot steam, creating the necessary pressure to «FuranFlex» expanded to the entire cavity brick channel, giving it the desired optimum circular shape.Under the influence of steam, heat and pressure, inflated sleeve wall for half - two hours polymerized, creating a monolithic high strength and heat-resistant channel that is guaranteed to last for more than a decade.

Video: installation chimney «FuranFlex» system in old brick channel

Metal chimneys

chimney device used conventional steel pipe or pipe ofstainless steel.The first of these are used less and less, because it is very susceptible to corrosion from the highly aggressive environmental influences environment - differences temperatures and moisture.Therefore, most currently used stainless steel systems, which are manufactured by many companies in any configuration.

• mounting system These systems have enough high resistance great temperatures, maintaining peak values ​​up to 500 degrees - for heating system of the boiler is more than enough.

Such chimneys sufficiently long period of work effectively and yield some adjustments if necessary.For example, if the pipe entering the furnace is installed special item - Sliding , which allows you to adjust the thrust to the required level.

However, if the thrust is clearly insufficient, and no adjustment does not help fix this point, it is necessary to look for the cause in the low-quality sealing pipe joints, resulting which gases can seep into the room, or contrary , created parasitic suction of airreducing cravings in the boiler.

After assembly at the first test of the system may occur signs insufficient thrust.In this case, should immediately conduct an audit of the entire structure, as the appearance of carbon monoxide in the rooms is extremely dangerous to humans.

If installation is made with high quality into account all the rules, the stainless steel chimney will reliable and safe option.

• building a popular option for chimneys devices become sandwich pipes.Most often they are used when installing the chimney system outside the building.They do not require thermal insulation, as they have a layer of insulating refractory material.

This type of pipe has certain disadvantages, which can sometimes be decisive in the choice of the chimney.

- Sedvich-tube has a high enough price, - especially some of the individual elements of the system . However , service life is relatively small - he is only 12 - 15 years.

- Over time possible depressurization joints on parts connections.

However, the merits of such a construction is still a lot more:

- easy installation and compact;

- when used in a pipe not form a condensate;

- perfectly smooth inner surface and severe gas flow turbulence is not allowed to form on the walls of sooty fly ;

- nonsusceptibility pipe material impact of aggressive environment and high temperature;

- increased fire safety a chimney system.

Because of these qualities similar variant chimney system is becoming increasingly popular.Its just like a conventional stainless steel pipes can be installed inside or outside the house, securing it to the wall with special brackets.

Before buying a metal chimney is necessary to make accurate calculations and determine its location in advance.Enough to make a pencil sketch with dimensioned, including wall height, and the distance between the solid fuel boiler installed and the wall, and provide it to the seller or manufacturer.Under this scheme, and the technical parameters of the boiler will pick up any set of components necessary to assemble the entire chimney system.