Waterproofing of balconies : features and techniques

Balcony or loggia can be a great vacation spot in a private home or in a multi-storey apartment houses.And that room was comfortable, it is necessary to provide not only an external comfort, but also a reliable waterproofing that can withstand a significant amount of rainfall.For concrete or wooden base balcony itself is moisture and as a result, there is dampness or even fungus.And this is, you see, does not conducive to a family sit-round gathering in the open air or arrangement of the magnificent winter garden.

Thus, even if the balcony in your house open (non-glazed) - it does not mean that the floor insulation, ceiling and roof is not necessary.

Why are there leaks on

balcony

most at risk of leakage during rain and snow melt, of course, the balcony ceiling (even glazed).If the ceiling is dry, the floor and remain comfortable.

Why become wet ceiling balcony or loggia:

1. a rooftop terrace waterproofing coating leaky.Especially such a problem for the inhabitants of the old building houses, which have not been subjected to major repair of the part of public utilities.
2. Even if the house is fairly new, leakage may occur due to violations of waterproofing rules during osteklitelnyh work.Therefore, even after the recent renovation balcony could soon become moist.
3. often cause leakage becomes no overflow system.
4. If during the installation on the balcony of frames is not thought waterproofing between the windows and the ceiling, the puddles and wet does not take long to wait.
5. If the house is old, the cause of a leak can be worn most of the balcony ceiling slabs.

What is waterproofing balconies

Owner balcony waterproofing without risks in the first place by the fact that the walls and ceiling covered with mold design or mold.The most dangerous is the emergence of black mold: its spores spread through the air, enter the human respiratory system, causing various diseases.Other types of mold can cause persistent bad breath.And the aesthetic side of the issue did not even have to talk.

saturating humidity, interior fittings balcony peel and lose their original appearance.You may find that you have wasted a large sum to repair the balcony.

under constant exposure to moisture is a slow but steady destruction of fasteners and metal constructions balcony.So in ten years will be the construction of an emergency simply - will lose its load-bearing function.

What is waterproofing

Waterproofing - is the creation of a special layer that protects the balcony from moisture and its destructive effect on other design elements.When the equipped properly waterproofing service life, as well as the comfort of the room increases significantly.

needs not only a roof terrace or a loggia in the waterproofing measures.Moisture can come from the bottom (floor), if a balcony or terrace located on the ground floor - from the basement or ground.Actually, loggias and balconies of the first floor need to be very carefully thought-out measures of waterproofing and insulation and ventilation.If your apartment is located on the middle floor, the waterproofing will protect you from leaking from the neighboring balconies.Walls susceptible to damage from moisture to air, moisture repellent layer should protect the entire surface of the structure.

So Waterproofing - a dense and durable layer of special composition which has a waterproof and water-repellent properties to protect the floor, ceiling and walls of premises where there is a risk of moisture penetration from outside.

Preparation for waterproofing balconies

First of all you should know that the construction rules presuppose the existence of balconies, terraces and loggias minimum slope for the natural flow of water out.But in order to protect yourself from stagnant water is not enough.

Balcony area is small and modern waterproofing materials are so easy to handle, the handle can repair every homeowner who has decided to repair this venture.The main thing is to follow the instructions properly and carefully handle the materials and make the technological changes in the process, if you are not fully confident in the success of their ideas.

The choice of material will also depend on whether you have the means and the time to carry out repairs.

• first of all remove the old coating;
• inspect basis balcony: if the concrete - then remove punch the parts that had deteriorated;
• clean the surface from contamination (use a stiff brush), as well as remnants of foam, glue or cement;
• treat and seal the cracks all;
• remove rust (it is better to use special chemical compounds) with metal surfaces;
• coat the metal parts corrosion-resistant material;
• align and restore the concrete base;
• determine places on the roof terrace, through which moisture penetrates, and spend their additional sealing;
• when all the preparatory work is done, can be coated with a balcony waterproofing materials.

materials for balcony waterproofing

To solve the problems of leaks in the construction market, there are many materials that differ according to the method of application: liquid (can form across the surface smooth and secure seamless coverage) and web materials (membranes and films).

Note that for different surfaces used different kinds of waterproofing.

1. surface waterproofing.A coating of bitumen-based inks.It is applied in several layers.Suitable for metal structures in order to protect them from corrosion.
2. Plastering waterproofing.Also applied in several layers on the surface of the reinforced concrete.
3. lining hydraulic seals.Installation is pasting of surfaces with a special material.
4. cast waterproofing.It represents a layer thickness of 5 cm and a mastic asphalt solution.It is considered the most reliable way to protect against the ingress of moisture.
5. Mounted waterproofing.Special plates (metal or plastic) are attached directly to the walls of the building.This method is used when other materials are used for some reason you can not.
6. impregnating waterproofing.Special organic compounds are covered by porous or prefabricated structures, such as pipes, blocks or plates.
7. Injection waterproofing.Such a method is selected for sealing joints or for repair of the finished waterproofing layer.To do this, furan resins are introduced in the joint space or gap.

Secrets of a successful application of waterproofing

Primer.Before applying the liquid masses for waterproofing, it is necessary to prime the substrate.This will reduce its absorbency properties.Experts recommend the mineral composition of the primer, apply that need to be in 2 layers.

Area Connection balcony slabs better further protect the sealing tapes or special flexible profiles.This will allow you to insure the most exposed areas of leakage design.

Use for balconies (both open and closed) liquid polyurethane composition or two-component mineral mixture.The great advantage of these advanced materials in their flexibility: a layer able to expand or contract with temperature fluctuations and it does not give cracks.

for repairs on the balcony, terrace or loggia choose a clear day, when the air temperature is between + 5 ° C to +25 ° C.Not too extreme heat or cold will not allow you to perform high-quality application of waterproofing products.

Liquid formulations is better to put in 2 layers.In this first allowed to dry and soak for 5-8 hours, and then to put the second.After the composition is distributed over the surface, provide him protection from rain and direct sunlight for at least 2 hours.

Within a day it will be possible to start the installation of the top cover, which will protect the waterproofing layer from mechanical damage.

Cast balconies with their hands waterproofing

This is equally fairly reliable and relatively expensive way of waterproofing.He will approach those who do not want to keep coming back to the issue of repairing the balcony, and is ready to once and for a long time to make the design of dry, warm and suitable for families.

There are 2 methods of creating a cast vlagoottalkivayuschey layer: hot and cold.Work is carried out quite simply.you can perform their own hands, follow the instructions, if desired.

«hot» method:

• thoroughly clean the floor of the balcony: remove debris, dust and dirt;
• if you find cracks, be sure to seal the solution and let them dry;
• then dry the surface to be treated with hot air (can be used for the construction of this hair dryer);
• dilute the bitumen to a liquid state and prime with a well-prepared surface;
• set around the perimeter bumpers treatment area, height 30-40 cm;
• heat the mastic to + 135-145oS and pour it on the floor;
• using scrapers, level layer of mastic, distributing it over the entire surface;
• to create a reliable waterproofing layer must be applied 2-3 weight layer - a total thickness of 2.5 cm;
• if you want to give additional strength to the coating, particularly for balcony slabs the joints, use as a scaffold for applying a metal mesh, with a mesh size of 5 mm.

«Cool" way.The principle of work is the same: cleansing, removal of cracks, a first coat, applying mastic.However, in this case the mixture is not heated but applied cold.

surface waterproofing with their hands

As mentioned above, this method is suitable for the protection of metal, concrete surfaces and polyurethane and brick.The thin (about 2 mm), a two-layer coating is applied to one of the ways:

• cold (a mixture of a rubber-based resin);
• hot (a mixture of bitumen and polymer coatings).

Before taken for the application of the protective structure, clean the surface from dust, remove corrosion traces, treat degreasing solution, apply a first coat of bitumen and mastic.

The process of applying the surface waterproofing is very simple: by roller or brush (as you prefer) spread over the surface of the composition so as to obtain a thin but uniform layer.

Obmazochnaya (or as it is called Paint) waterproofing is very popular: each owner will be able to easily apply makeup.In addition, the price of the material is low, and the service life will be 5-6 years depending on the intensity of exposure to moisture.However, you should know that the bitumen breaks down when exposed to subzero temperatures.Therefore, for exterior Paint waterproofing material is unlikely to fit.Durable and reliable will mix with the inclusion of rubber and plastic components.

How to perform the lining hydraulic seals balcony

This proven method is suitable for the waterproofing of wooden and concrete balconies.Perhaps the technique familiar to all who have ever engaged in repair: special materials (sheet or roll) are glued to the surface in several layers.

However lining hydraulic seals are used less frequently; it gives way to the more advanced technologies.Among the disadvantages, which you must know:

• before laying the material surface to be laborious processing;
• himself laying process is quite time-consuming: the material is heavy, its dimensions do not allow to freely turn around in a small area;
• material is quite strong and steady odor that some more time will be saved on your balcony;
• in the joints seams inevitably formed fragments of materials that will eventually become the cause of the leak;
• material resistant to fluctuations in temperature and begins to lose its quality, besides of microbial development, it also does not protect.

If disadvantages of this method you are not scared and you decide to use it for a waterproofing of a balcony or loggia, we first select the type of material:

1. bitumen-polymer waterproofing (this type includes filizol and Izoplast, bikroplast andalso ekarbit).
2. Bitumen waterproofing roll (eg, roofing or insulation).
3. polymer waterproofing (polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or synthetic rubber).

Remember that this waterproofing layer to protect the loads, for example, using a concrete screed.

Plastering waterproofing balconies with their hands

The materials used special cement mortars and polymer blends.Use this method of protection against moisture can be any surface.

• clean the surface from dust and seal the seams and cracks;
• apply primer and give it time to dry completely;
• prepare the solution for plaster;
• apply the first layer of waterproofing composition (thickness 1-1.5 cm);
• particular attention in the processing of pay corners and joints;
• wait 30 minutes;
• when the first layer is dry - apply a second;
• need to make 3-4 layers;
• allow the solution to dry for several days, at this time, avoid any mechanical impact on him;
• very important that during solidification of the waterproofing layer is not dried - moisten it with water from a spray every 3 hours during the day and then 2-3 times a day an additional 14 days.

laying works of the web material:

• on the prepared surface to distribute layer (1 mm) bituminous mastics;
• expanded waterproofing material and fix it;
• to create several layers - repeat 2-3 times;
• joint space and the edges should be treated.

Subtleties ceiling waterproofing of roofs and balconies

Drip top is performed in the following sequence:

1. roof insulated roofing material (material spreads necessarily overlap).
2. Are put waterproof mastic.
3. an extra roof (often this is done on the upper floors).
4. Processing joints.
5. Installation tide system of rainwater.
6. internal waterproofing (ceiling treatment) in two layers - especially in places of joints of plates, ceiling and window frames, plates and flow system.However, you should know that if the outer part of the roof is protected bad.That internal finishing works will not save you from the flow.

Waterproofing balconies with their hands: video