A spiral staircase with his own hands

spiral staircase is simply indispensable for interior premises with limited space, or in cases where it is necessary to maintain a certain architectural style.

spiral staircase with your hands can be made of wood, metal, composites, or all of these materials in the complex.It depends on the choice of hosts building of skills and capabilities of the wizard, as well as from the general interior decoration of the room in which will be created to fit the design.

Since this kind of ladder itself is not just functional but also decorative element, it suitable for almost any interior style.For example, in the room, made in the "rustic" style of "country" excellent suitable wooden staircase with solid steps and interior, which marked predominance of the style of "modern", it will be necessary to purchase or order the wrought iron balusters and metal stage"lace".

for each of the existing finishing options you can select and design solution, and the material from which the staircase is executed.

Positive and negative aspects of screw stairs

Like all the interior details, spiral staircases have their positive and negative aspects, which it is necessary to know when choosing precisely this variation nt to I device in a particular room.

1. The advantages of this type of ladders include:

• compact design.Most often, this circumstance is decisive in choosing a ladder for small spaces.And if the room has a low ceiling, the spiral model is usually visually makes it somewhat higher.
• Unlike stairway, spiral model is not takes a lot of space on the ground floor and does not require a large opening in the ceiling, and then - can save a useful area and the second floor.

• spiral staircase perfectly suited as an additional, internal to the attic space, for example, if the primary is on the outside of the building.The main staircase is required for lifting Nave p cr upnogabaritnyh items such as furniture and household appliances, and without a screw will be difficult to do in the winter.
• By choosing this option, you can save not only on the size of rooms, but also in the total cash cost.The spiral staircase is often much cheaper marching - due to the smaller amount of materials needed for its manufacturing and also , in some cases - because of its simplicity installation.
• This quaint ale nt etc. idast interior exclusivity that many owners of private residences too, is an important, and sometimes - and the determinant factor.

2. have this structure and its significant disadvantages:

• The main thing that can be attributed to the negative aspects - an impossibility or extreme difficulty lifting the spiral structure of large objects.
• If on the second floor there is a living, often visited the room and downstairs tenants apartments have to go up and down several times a day, then this can badly affect on to structure and possible even - and well-being. Therefore, it is best to arrange a bedroom on the second floor, where the rise is not as common, or as mentioned above, you can have a main stairway and a spiral - as decorative.

main species of spiral staircases

Spiral staircases share a few basic varieties, depending on the design and mounting steps.But in all cases, the steps are mounted radially with a slight twist of each regular, forming something like a normal direction of the thread of the screw, hence the name of this model stairs.

If we consider the stairs from the top, you can see a round or polygonal stair flight .

• latter is formed in the case part of the steps not only fixed on the central column, but also on one or two walls.This type of stairs in a narrow niche with confined spaces or in a corner.In the figure above, this option is at number one .

• The second figure shows a staircase in which steps cantilevered pinched in the domestic central pillar.

• In a third embodiment, steps are fixed on a pole-pole and bent bowstrings and fencing.

• In the latter presented below as spiral staircases, steps are fixed to the casing and supported other hand curved railing.

These are the basic, most used types of screw designs, but there are other - more complex, which may be made only by professional artists.

elements

spiral design To understand how and any parts to be manufactured for a spiral staircase, it is necessary to know what they are called, which are located and how properly mounted.Therefore , before proceeding to the next steps, it is necessary to deal with this issue.

1 - stair treads.

2 - The final design of the upper platform.

3 - reference for handrails and balustrades post.

4 - central cylindrical support post, which can be called the foundation of the whole structure.

5 - constitutes the central pillar of the cylinders.

6 - balusters racks to support the handrail and fastening together the turns of the spiral staircase.

7 - jumpers.

8 - Helicoidal rail

9 - guard on the second floor.

Besides those elements, it is necessary to know the way of their connection to different nodes structure:

• Node "A» - Connect central pedestal or crimp tube ladder with guardrails onsecond floor.

on the screw or bolt, mounted at the rear of the pedestal, put on the rail, which is arranged through a special hole.

Then, on top of it bolted a wooden or metal decorative cover, which fixes the rail in certain location.

• Node "B» - shows the connection using the thread portion crimp tube with a sleeve installed in the opening stage.
• Node "In» - installed on the casing sleeve and washers, which serves a decorative role, and the presser.
• node "G» - connection support post with a base that is fixed to the floor.

Video: Team modular spiral staircase "Dream»

Important nuances when calculations, manufacturing and installation stairs

To stairs were comfortable and safe for lift and descent, is recommended at all stages - during calculations, the manufacture and assembly of structures, to comply with the recommendations and rules, designed and tested by experienced specialists.

• width of the stage in the middle of its where often occur when rise and descent, is not recommended to do less than 200 mm.
• Reference B-pillar, for safety reasons, should not have a diameter less than 50 mm.
• on the spiral staircase is not recommended to install risers , as they can be a hindrance for a full statement of the human foot on the surface of the stage.This can lead to slipping feet and accidental drops, and as a result - there is a risk of injury.
• Each of the coils ladder must have at least 11 ÷ 12 steps.
• height design turns advised to expect with regard maximum growth tenants, it is advisable to take even with a margin of 100 ÷ 200 mm.If an incorrect payment will be made in the smaller side, then in some areas stairs have to bend down so as not to hit his head.Agree that use such a structure would be extremely inconvenient.

calculation parameters spiral staircase

Before fabrication elements stairs, you need to carry out detailed calculations , otherwise the design can be simply unsafe.

passage width staircases spiral design usually varies between 700 and 1000 mm.

To understand how to calculate the parameters, it is possible for example to take the average data.For example, the width of the stairs pass will be equal to 900 mm , its height - 2700mm , and the diameter of the central support post - 300 mm .

First you need to determine the overall diameter of the spiral staircase in projection - view from the top.To do this, you must take two walk-through width stairs (900 × 2) and add to get the results of the diameter of the support column:

(900 × 2) + 300 = 2100 mm

Next, you need a piece of paper to fulfill drawing.Apply a circle with a diameter higher than those found in 2100 a scale 1:10 , will 210 mm .

In this circle you need to enter another one, which will show the trajectory of the movement of the person walking on the stairs.The radius of the second circle will be equal to the sum of the radii of the support of the central rack and ladder width, divided in half .

(900 + 150 ) : 2 = 575 mm

Next, you must determine how many stages will each complete coil structure.To calculate this parameter should take the value of the average width of the stage.Since the normal width of this element is at the outer fence 400 ÷ 450 mm, approximately in the middle (on spent human movement trajectory) for calculation of 250 mm can be taken.

Then circumference trajectory must be divided by the average width of the stage.

(2 × 3,14 × 575 ) : 250 = 14.44 pcs.

In this case, the rounding is done in a big way and the result is 15 degrees.

next step, you need to find the height of the steps.For this purpose, the first circle is divided into 15 equal parts.Keep in mind that the last round of the first stage should be located together on height man tall enough, for example, 1900 mm.Adding to this parameter still reserve - about 100 mm. addition need to take into account the thickness of the stage, for example, it will be 30 mm.Total turns

1900 + 100 + 30 = 2030 mm

Further, knowing all the calculated parameters, you can easily find the height of each of the steps (unless, of course, their placement is planned in the same height range).To do this, the height of the revolution must be divided by the number of stages:

2030 : 15 = 135,33 ≈ 135 mm

To see the total number of steps in the staircase, it is necessary to height - fromthe first floor to the second floor level height divided into stages.

2700 : 135 = 20 steps .

Total for all rise staircase make 20 : 15 = 1, (33) total turnover, or describe a full turn and still plus 120 degrees.

Production of construction parts

supporting pillars

to support the B-pillar using metal pipes, concrete, brick and wooden poles.

to metal, concrete or brick step can be fixed using welded to the pipe elements, joints or bolts.

wooden rack To fasten stage much easier.For this purpose, any methods may be used ranging from metal angles and ending wooden bars mounted vertically in the gaps between the steps.

rack must be durable and easy to maintain the total weight of all the design elements and the big man with baggage, located on the stairs.Besides, the central support pillar must securely fasten the top and bottom.

Dia Art tr oyki metal (pipes) must be at least 50 mm, made of other materials - from 150 to 500 mm, sometimes even more.

Manufacturing steps

For manufacturing steps most often selected tree with dense structure - beech or oak, but are often used and other breeds.However, it is better not to choose a fragile timber, such as pine or spruce , because they can not withstand falls on these details stairs a heavy load.

• Choosing material for the steps you need to know, that the thickness of the finished parts must not be less than 50 mm, provided, that ladder height does not exceed 2 meters.If the total construction will be higher, and steps must be greater than the thickness - minimum 60 mm.
• material for the manufacture of parts to be moderately dried out and processed.It is best to buy already planed board.When uneven drying of wood, it can , gradually losing moisture, deformed, acquiring the shape of a propeller or tray.Worst of all, if it starts to occur even after harvesting be installed in a common structure.Rather, deformable step have replaced, otherwise it will "pull" for himself and other details, in violation of the general assembly strength.

Given all these circumstances, and based on the experience of masters, it recommended steps for making use of glued wood, which is quite possible to do it yourself, using bars of desired thickness.The panel of the bars must be length, equal length stage, and the width - contain two notches, arranged in the opposite direction.

• bars going into the general panel, and it is very important to ensure that a number of underlying structural details were drawing fibers directed in opposite directions.