Brick foundation with his own hands

brick foundation - perhaps one of the oldest technologies currently displaced from construction sites.However, for smaller buildings of light it is quite suitable, moreover, does not require the use of construction equipment.Therefore, in the construction of wooden summer house, baths or verandas it is possible to lay down a foundation of bricks with their hands.

material for the foundation

Not every brick is suitable for the implementation of the foundation.Silicate brick in the presence of moisture is prone to failure, and the red hollow is not strong enough.Therefore, the foundation needs the red refractory brick - it has a structure similar to ceramics, so high humidity does not exert a strong influence on him.

masonry is carried out with the use of cement-sand mortar in a 1: 3.To cushion and filling with coarse sand required, and for drainage - gravel with a value of 50 mm fraction and geotextiles.For waterproofing the foundation is usually used roofing material, but any other suitable and rolled waterproofing material.

methods of making

foundation of brick may be a columnar, and tape.Columnar operate in the construction of light structures: a bath, a veranda, a frame house.It is much more economical materials.

Belt brick foundation and can withstand more severe loads - log house or bar-shaped.It can be either recessed to a depth of freezing and melkozaglublenny.Bury the foundation in areas with heaving soils, the measure with additional dumping of sand and gravel and drainage device eliminates the deformation of the foundation and walls of the building.

performance foundation technology of brick

pier foundation is not usually bury.The bars mounted on the corners of the building, at the intersection of load-bearing walls, as well as around the perimeter of the walls at a distance of not less than 2 meters.Brick put a bandage, one of the following methods.The rest of the columnar brick foundation is no different from a tape.

technology implementation strip foundation brick involves several steps, which is not recommended to ignore.

1. Preparing the trench or excavation is needed to reduce the load on the foundation with the motions and frost heave.The first section is made markings, and the angles of the future building are determined.Across the area of ​​the building is removed fertile layer.Along the perimeter of the structure of a trench dug desired depth:. For deep foundations in heaving soils - to a depth of soil freezing, for melkozaglublennyh - 40-50 cm width of the trench is chosen depending on the soil moisture content: the higher the humidity, the greater must be the trench.For particularly moist areas with shallow groundwater, it must extend beyond the outer limits of the structure of 1 meter for drainage devices.The bottom of the trench is filled with coarse sand, throw it and ram.
   

   Prepare the trench for the section

2. Perform formwork for the concrete base of the boards, rough-can.Formwork height - about 10 cm, width - more than a half-brick in the foundation width.The formwork is laid waterproofing - roofing material, with a reserve, to isolate all the concrete base.A layer of waterproofing is necessary to avoid wicking of moisture on the concrete base to the brick.Pour the concrete and level it is left for curing for 2-3 days.
   

   concrete pouring process

3. On concrete base begin laying brick by performing either a standard dressing.Between the first and second row of stacked longitudinal reinforcement - metal rod or reinforcement mesh.This prevents destruction of the longitudinal axis of the foundation.The same valve is placed before executing the last row.
   

   process of laying brick on a concrete base and reinforcement

4. Grasp solution occurs in 1-2 days, but it is gaining full strength for about a week.At the end of this period, you can begin to waterproofing the basement walls.Perform waterproofing by means of coating or back-lining materials, mainly on the basis of bitumen.
   

   process of waterproofing a foundation of bricks

5. After the waterproofing of the foundation, if desired, can be insulated from the outside or polystyrene foam plates, and after backfilling the trench to produce sand and gravel.This measure will take the moisture from the basement, and eliminate swelling of adjacent soil layers.In a particularly wet areas perform drainage: at a distance of 0.5-1 meters from the outside of the foundation is laid in the trench geotextile layer of gravel on top of it, at a slight angle put the pipe with perforations, they fall asleep gravel bed and wrapped in geotextile.All this construction covered with sand, tamping it in layers.Pipes discharged into wells or drainage kanaly.Kstati about the insulation on the outside of the foundation we have made a separate article, and wrote about the full cycle of warming of the foundation with his own hands - read if you want to learn more !.Also read about the drainage of the foundation with his own hands.
   

   Creating drainage around the foundation

6. Brick foundation, compared with concrete provides a better thermal insulation, and good hydraulic protection it can last more than 50 years without repair.In addition, repair the brick foundation is simple: enough to replace damaged sections of brick.All these qualities make brick foundation is quite popular in the construction of small buildings and houses.