Technical characteristics of hollow core slabs

hollow core slabs are used in the construction of blocks of flats and office buildings.

Their design is much easier to full-bodied plates, but because of this figure of durability and reliability is not reduced.On the bearing plate does not affect the properties of the number of voids and their arrangement.

On the contrary, the presence of air pockets in the concrete product increases its heat and sound insulation characteristics.

Dimensions and classes of hollow-core slabs

All the main requirements for the manufacture of hollow articles for overlap, given the strength of their ability and the subsequent appointment are described in GOST 9561-91 and other regulatory documents.

When an individual consumer order overlapping panels can be produced with dimensions, the deviation from the standards GOST 9561-91, but with the condition to perform basic standard requirements.

First of all, GOST standards describe the sizes of products, which takes into account the thickness and diameter of the air cavities, as well as the number of reference of the parties.

Basic parameters and dimensions of hollow products for floors, which are specified in IEC documents, allow to divide them into types.

marking of products is made up of letters and numbers, for example: PC 63.15-8, where the PC - of hollow plate;63 - length, dm;15 - width, dm;8 - permissible mechanical pressure on the board, without taking into account its own weight - 800 kg per m2.

paragraph 1.2.1 Standard.

PK1 - sequences.220 mm;dm voids - 159 mm;two supporting parts;1PKT - 3 supporting part;1PKK - 4 support.

2CO - sequences.220 mm;dm hollow holes - 140 mm;two supporting parts;2PKT - 3 support;2PKK - 4 support part.

3PK - sequences.220 mm;dm voids - 127 mm;two-way bearing;3PKT - 3 support;3PKK - 4 sides.

4PK - sequences.260 mm;dm voids - 159 mm;a top contour grooves and two supporting side.

5PK - sequences.Plate 260 mm;dm holes 180 mm;Bilateral bearing.

6PK - sequences.300 mm;dm holes 203 mm;Bilateral bearing.

7PK - sequences.160 mm;dm voids 114 mm;Bilateral bearing.

PG - sequences.260 mm, the void - a form of pear;plate with two supports.

PB - 220 mm, produced by the forming of continuous technology;two side support.

Reinforcement of hollow floor slabs is necessary to carry out reinforcement design and allows to share articles and classes.

Documentation Standard 91 describes the production of panels with 2-3 supporting parties with hard reinforcement.

Strengthening design will assess the diagram below.

separately for developers is to point out that it is impossible in hollow products prodelyvat additional holes for laying of communication networks, it is better for this purpose to buy plates, reinforcement of which was held Free of tension reinforcement.

Otherwise, their load carrying capacity will be reduced.Plates, the gain of which was broken, could not withstand a heavy load.

paragraph GOST 9561-91 specified exceptions scheme is used in the manufacture of certain types of hollow-core slabs, which are not allowed to apply reinforcement stressed reinforcement.

These panels have the following dimensions:

• strata.220 mm;at a length of 4780 mm, the diameter of the holes 140 to 159 mm;
• strata.260 mm;with a length of up to 5680 mm;
• strata.220 mm;different lengths;127 mm diameter holes.

flight designs with Free of tension fittings meet the standards GOST and SNIP 91. Such concrete products can be purchased and used for covering a large load.

Features production and use of hollow-core slabs

the production of hollow core slabs different technologies used, as a result, differences can be seen from the structure of the front side.

marking of products type PC and PG indicates that the design was cast using formwork.

Concrete PB materials - used for their manufacture uninterrupted action scheme using a conveyor line.

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Unlike formwork products, specifications PB more refined.

They have a smooth and flat surface, can get in the manufacture of various length, which is useful for developers who want to buy a "final assembly" plate.

drawing on the layout of the PC may include several sections, which can not accommodate with standard size panels.

As a rule, workers fill such gaps monolithic screed concrete to perform amplification, used reinforcement reinforcing rods.

bearing capacity of homemade construction inferior to its factory index of product because of lack of vibro concrete and steaming.

Therefore it is better to buy a "final assembly" the plate with the required parameters.

advantage of using shuttering boards is the ability to use them in places where the construction of communication networks is planned.

PG Plates and PC should buy if the drawing of the building floors includes additional holes that need to be done without reducing the gain of the whole structure.

This hollow PG and PC have a minimum hole diameter of 114 mm, in which you can not punch holes, and take advantage of existing.

They pipe with a diameter of 80-100 mm pass freely.

If you buy reinforced concrete panels to overlap with the marking IB, the diameter of the holes (60 mm) will not allow to pass through itself sewer standpipe.

If this purpose pererubat edge design rigidity, its carrying capacity will come to "no", and the technical characteristics of a product will no longer meet the regulatory requirements of SNIP.

Explanation marking hollow slabs

learn how to properly mark stands for hollow-core slabs, the developer can buy building materials, without delving into the technology of their production.

marking made by the manufacturer, will help you understand:

• what kind of load can withstand one or the other panel;
• some bearing capacity is the product;
• details about the type and size.

Product Branding is performed in accordance with standard GOST 23009.

designation includes three groups of letters, digits and hyphens:

1. first group: the indicator species slabs - in decimetres specified width and length;
2. second group: bearing capacity of the product (calc load.) In kg / m2 or kp / m2.
   Strengthening panel stressed reinforcement designated class, used in the production of reinforcing steel.Type concrete structure designated by the letters: L - light;C - silicate;
3. third group: talk about the additional characteristics of the hollow core products, including the use of structures under extreme conditions (impact of chemical and seismic character).It may indicate a structural slab additions.

For example, consider marking 1PK63.15-6AtVL transcript available symbols.

experienced master, viewing the drawing in the overlap of the object, if necessary, will read the specified marked as follows: hollow core slabs is 6280 mm in length, width - 1490 mm;withstands a load of 6 kPa.At its manufacturing lightweight concrete, construction reinforcement is made using class AT-V hard reinforcement was used.

Considered marking 1PK63.15-6AtVL consists of two groups, the third group occurs when the special design features were developed for slabs.

For example, if to the available numbers and letters in the end, add the designation C7 - C7 1PK63.15-6AtV- - it will talk about the possibility of using hollow core slabs during construction in earthquake zones with seismicity of 7 points.

no letter L, indicating the weight of the concrete, so that the heavy concrete was used in the manufacture.Heavy concrete does not have a sign on the label.

above characteristics of hollow core slabs can determine their functionality.

Therefore honeycombed panel drawing includes a calculation made on the basis of a standard load on the overall ceiling of 150 kg per m2 (including the weight of furniture, equipment and occupants).

bearing capacity of a standard type of hollow core slabs in the range from 600 to 1000 kg per m2.

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Comparing the rate of 150 kg per m2 of available factual strength of plates, we can see that they gain a high safety factor.

If you buy the boards, they can be used for the construction of all types of buildings.

Features installation of hollow panels

basic rule reliable device slabs, which must contain a drawing, it is considered an exact observance of support options on the walls.

case of insufficient bearing area of ​​possible deformation of the walls, while too much space - increases their thermal conductivity.

Installation of floor slabs must be performed, taking into account the allowable minimum depth of bearing:

• for brick structures - 9 cm;
• for aerated concrete and foam concrete - 15 cm;.
• for steel structures - 7.5 cm

The maximum sealing groove panels in the walls, which is also entered in the drawing of the building should not exceed 16 cm for lightweight blocks and masonry structures;12 cm - for concrete and concrete structures.

embedded light concrete mix to a depth of 12 cm before installing the boards of voids edge

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Mount slabs without mortar is prohibited, so the working surface is placed a layer of solution of not less than 2 mm, allowing the plates uniformly transferload on the wall.

In addition, the regeneration of the plates on the fragile wall (foam concrete, aerocrete) perform a mixture of reinforcement, which will eliminate the bending blocks.

Thus in order to reduce the thermal conductivity of the overlap, conduct external insulation construction.