Thermal insulation under the siding

This modern and is gaining momentum in our country as a way of siding facades as if specially designed to parallel with giving external appearance of the house aesthetic appearance, hidden under a layer of insulation.And for thermal insulation will not have to carry out troublesome "wet" processes hide insulation under a layer of plaster.Two complex operations are combined into one and this benefits everyone: the customers and contractors, and the technology is so simple that the insulation under Saidy ng cm ozhet do any good host, having a common set of tools .

Why insulation

Very often, developers question arises: "why, in general, to warm the house?". Indeed, why?After all, in the near past nobody even thought about it, and now suddenly have to spend a large sum is for warming.And many are beginning to remember the Soviet times, when all energy is really worth a penny, the batteries in the flats could be red-hot like fire, so the vents were opened in all the rooms.Gas boilers longer heated not water in the heat exchanger, and the air in the street and weighed so much that they could not be carry - them or turn over, or rolled on lomah.

But that time has passed, and, returning to the reality, it is worth noting that the energy rise in price, and will continue to go up.Heating the home becomes more and more expensive every year.And that, unfortunately, we will not hold your hand.What has come out of this situation?

• Firstly, it is the most complete use of energy from various fuels.Current models of gas and electric boilers have an efficiency of long stepped threshold of 90%, the energy they even get out of the condensate. Pyrolysis boilers burn everything possible in solid fuel, even generating gas and electricity energy is converted almost directly in the long-wave infrared radiation.And the improvement will continue.
• Secondly, finally, mankind began to use solar energy actively, wind and geothermal heat. considered serious projects on radiation electricity from tidal waves.All this is the most promising areas of energy development because it uses fully renewable natural sources.
• And finally, no matter what source heating is supplied with energy - it in any case it is necessary to save not let her free to leave the building and create a barrier to its leakage.And the first, the most effective measure - is the insulation of buildings.

law of thermodynamics states that the environment or the body at different temperatures are always eager to thermal equilibrium.That is, the hotter will give off heat to the colder until their temperatures are equal.If you stop to heat any home, whatever he had insulation, all still gradually the internal temperature equal to the outside.The physical sense of insulation is to reduce the rate of leakage of thermal energy, and, means , to compensate for the losses need to spend far less fuel and money, and savings are so significant that a well advantageous insulation pays for itself in a few years when the termservice for several decades.

From the above figure seen , that the major heat loss from the house are taking place through the walls - up to 43%.

overview of modern insulation

In modern construction uses a plurality of heaters: bulk, sprayed , MDF, roll.Each of them can be used in different structures of the building, but we are only interested in those that can be applied in the insulation under the siding.First of all, look at the main characteristics of insulation and on this basis make the choice of those which are suitable for our purposes.

main characteristics of insulating materials

Manufacturers and sellers of insulating material in in se vying extol the virtues is that they produce and sell.It often happens that, in principle, the same insulation produced under various trademarks and have different prices.In order not to fall for the bait marketers must understand their own in those characteristics that will determine the right choice.

coefficients reflux eploprovodnosti

Different materials have different ability to transfer heat.The intensity of transmission depends on the properties of the material, thickness and the temperature difference.To evaluate the ability of introduced indicators such as the coefficients reflux eploprovodnosti, which is denoted by the Greek letter λ (lambda) and is measured in W / ( m 2 * ° K).For the same material, this constant and it can be found in reference books, as well as in the accompanying documentation.

physical meaning of the thermal conductivity coefficient is the amount of heat energy in Watts that transmits concrete material area of ​​1 m2 and a thickness of one meter, if the temperature difference on the opposite sides thereof is one degree.Naturally, the smaller the λ for the selected material, the more likely he called a heater.The picture shows the values ​​of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of basic insulation (λ≤0,1) compared with basic construction materials.

For convenience thermal calculations in in were such a thing as thermal resistance ( RTD , reduced resistance to heat transfer), which is not more than a feedback coefficient of thermal conductivity value.Represented by the figure letter R and measured ( m 2 * ° K) / Watt.Obviously, for insulation purposes of the higher thermal resistance, the better .

Water absorption

This indicator reflects the insulation property to absorb and retain water in direct contact with water.There are two types of water absorption:

• mass water absorption - Bm = ( mw / md ) * 100% , where mw - a mass of water which absorbed the material, md - the mass of material in a completely dry state.From formula shows , this indicator reflects the percentage as when wet can absorb and retain a heater compared to their weight in the dry state.
• Volume water absorption - Bv = ( Vv / V 1 ) * 100%, where Vv - it volume water, absorbed material and V 1 - it volume in a state of saturation with water.In fact, this figure is a volume can absorb the material compared to its volume in water-saturated state.

If the insulation absorbs and retains water, increasing its density and the amount of bit , but reduced strength.Unfortunately, in this case coefficients reflux eploprovodnosti becomes longer, which reduces the thermal insulation properties.insulation manufacturers with a porous or fibrous structure (glass wool, rock wool) to reduce the water absorption of the material is treated with a special water-repellent additives.

For walls under the siding rate of water absorption is not as important as the heater does not have direct contact with water.He is hidden under the lining and further protected by a special membrane.In addition, the insulation under the siding is ventilated - excess moisture rapidly excreted from it and compared with atmospheric moisture air.To exclude direct contact with water during transportation and storage manufacturers use reliable package that should be checked when buying.

Water vapor permeability

A very important characteristic of any insulation is water vapor permeability, which characterizes a material's ability to pass moisture in the form of steam at atmospheric pressure equality, but the difference between the partial pressure of water vapor.It is estimated this figure with the help of water vapor permeability coefficient, which is measured in mg / ( m 2 * h * Pa).The physical meaning of this indicator: how much water vapor in milligrams passes through a square meter of material per hour.

premises vapor At first glance, the high vapor permeability coefficient is undesirable, as water absorption, but in reality it is not so.Inside the apartment house in most cases in a lazhnost higher than the outside air, so the partial pressure of water vapor is also higher.Steam is trying to seep through the building construction from the inside out, but meets resistance walls and insulation.It should be noted that the water vapor can leak through even concrete, not to mention the masonry.The only reliable vapor barrier is a metal, glass, very close to them foam glass.

If the ratio of water vapor permeability of the outer insulation will lower than the walls, then on their border will accumulate moisture, which in winter will to freeze and destroy the materials, and in the summer to promote the appearance of mold and mildew, especially on the wallswooden houses.Construction Science says that the water vapor transmission rate of multilayer structures from the inside - out should be increased, while in constructions will always maintain an optimum humidity.It is for this indicator for the insulation under the siding is best to use mineral wool.

Flammability

All building materials are classified according to the degree of fire danger, including heaters that have to be taken into account in the construction of houses.Very often, these indicators are neglected, but sometimes such an attitude leads to emergencies. Fires facades, insulated conventional foam is not such a rarity, as the tragedy in the infamous "Lame Horse" has shocked the whole world.A few breaths of toxic products of burning foam was enough to die a painful death from suffocation tens of people.

All construction materials are divided into non-combustible (NG) and flammable (F), which, in turn, are measured by several indicators, they are we reduced to one table:

Naturally, priority in the choice of insulation under the siding should be non-combustible (NG) materials.

density and mechanical strength

Most heaters have a porous structure or a gas-filled, respectively, and their density is small: 15 ( Penoizol ) to 250 kg / m 3 (certain types of rock wool).Mechanical strength determines the ability of the insulation to withstand mechanical stress (compression, tension, load distribution).By siding insulation nothing is loaded in addition to its weight, so these parameters in our case is not so important.

However, insulation must still keep its shape, securely fastened to the wall and fit snugly to her.Therefore, some manufacturers produce mineral wool slabs whose inner surface has a density of 45 kg / m 3 - it allows to fit snugly to the insulated wall, and the outer layer is 90 - 100 kg / m 3 that can reliably fix the plate to sheathing andkeep in shape.

biological stability

This indicator is useful for ventilated facades, since the insulation is not inside the building structures, so it can be exposed to mold and mildew.But manufacturers have long provided it and virtually all insulation materials are not prone to this and can even direct contact with vegetation and soil, although this should not be done.

Some foams can be exposed to small rodents, but not as a food and for shelter - they like to organize there the nest or gnaw moves.However, if the lining of home siding performed competently and efficiently, the penetration of rodents impossible.

Environmental

in the production of any produced in the moment of a heater, all still uses chemical compounds, some of which stabilize its properties, others are helping to keep the geometric dimensions, the third repellent material, fourth are flame retardants and so on.Not all of these compounds are useful to humans, but it's absolutely not the case.The point is how many of these compounds, they can allocate to the surrounding atmosphere to cause harm to humans.In fact, this number is so negligible that pay close attention to it does not make sense, under the siding, they are all well outside the house.

In the market there are heaters, positioned by marketers as a completely environmentally friendly, as they are based on natural materials - flax fiber or cellulose, which are glued at least natural and pure compounds.Naturally, the "absolute environmental" costs more traditional and proven by decades of mineral wool, from which for some reason no one has died a painful death from from governance.Here the user has to make his choice and any advice on this matter, we will not give.

Comparative characteristics of heaters

Among the variety of modern insulation ignorant person is very difficult to navigate.