Exhaust ventilation with their hands

During the construction of a private house or city apartment arrangement is important to pay special attention to the ventilation system.Many focus on insulation, strength of walls or foundations, and rightly so, but the neglect of ventilation can result in serious trouble.The result of inadequate ventilation becomes stale air, which will begin to get a headache, then gradually on the walls, ceiling and ceilings will start to accumulate condensate, grow mold, and maybe even mushrooms.Talk about a comfortable and cozy life in a stuffy and damp house does not have to, and if you notice the first signs of insufficient ventilation - always misted window extending wallpaper and stuffy - it's time to take appropriate action.

Structure and working principle

Make exhaust ventilation with his own hands is not soand it is difficult, if you know how it works and the use of suitable materials.Improvised ventilation systems relevant for small apartments and private houses.Even if the windows are special windows with supply valves, it is not enough - you need to ensure not only fresh air, but also the elimination of exhaust fumes out.If, on the contrary, to make only outlet for the exhaust air from the fresh take on?Thus, it is clear that full ventilation is only possible in combination with supply and exhaust openings.

The principle of supply and exhaust ventilation is as follows:

1. Fresh air from outside enters the house through the air inlet.This can be both natural and forced manner.In the first case, air enters through inflow pipe temperature difference inside and outside homes, as well as due to wind gusts.It's not the most reliable way, because it does not allow to control the volume of clean air masses.To make this possible, organize a compulsory system operating through special fans.They suck air from outside and pushed him into the room at the desired volume.
2. Getting into the supply hole, fresh air filtration system passes if installed filters, heated, if there is a heating equipment.Heating occurs in the recuperator, which is about the benefits of the installation, we will talk about later.
3. further purified and heated stream is on the duct and into the room.
4. At the same time the exhaust air is heated and, according to the laws of physics, rises up to the exhaust opening.It can also be used by natural or mechanical (forced) operating principle.In the latter case, the air sucked by the fan flows along the duct and expelled to the outside.
   

Construction of forced ventilation can "fly into a lot of money", but rather a one-time investment of quickly pay for itself and then allow to save on electricity and heating.The benefits of using these systems also include ease of use, absolute security and efficiency.When the house is continuously circulated air, the residents are sick much less often and generally feel more cheerful, the service life of the walls and ceilings becomes longer, laundry dries faster, etc.Thus, installing the ventilation, you make your own contribution to the health and longevity of their homes.

Degree of difficulty of the ventilation system depends on the amount of space that needs to be aired.In the case of a private home is the total volume (not to be confused with the area) of all rooms on all floors.

device ventilation:

1. Supply Valve - equipped with lattice valve, which serves to change the throughput capacity of the element.A clean air inlet air enters from the street into the duct.The item may be the primary filters.It is placed on the side of the house where the most frequently strong winds (usually the north side).
2. Supply fan - pressure equipment, which creates a vacuum zone valve bell, thereby forcing air into the air duct.
3. Supply pipe - the pipe on which the clean air is moving into the house.
4. Mixer - camera, coupled with the external supply air channels, which displays the intake flow of the rooms.Channels set only in recirculating systems, which take away the air not only from outside but also from within.
5. Heat exchanger - a special unit in which cold air from outside is heated to a comfortable temperature.Operation is such that the supply air flow is not mixed with the exhaust - they are on separate channels inside the heat exchanger, as can be seen in the diagram below.The fresh cold air is heated by the hot exhaust coming out.As a result, you save a significant amount of electricity for space heating.
   
6. Air conditioning - a device, cooling the hot inlet air in the hot season.
7. heater - a special device for the supply of heating flow.It allows you to offload the main heating system during the winter season.Alternative recuperator, but unlike him, the heater does not take the heat from the exhaust air, and consumes energy to heat the cold streams from the street.
8. collector - distribution compartment in which the supply flow is distributed via air ducts, running in different rooms.
9. Exhaust diffusers - grilles, recessed in the ceiling or upper part of the walls.They take exhaust air from the rooms.
10. Exhaust fans - they are inserted into the exhaust channels, to create a vacuum and pressure.
11. ducts leading from the recuperator to the diffusers, where heat is drawn in from the exhaust air and transfer it to the cold stream from the street.
12. central vent pipe - a pipe, which is displayed on the same level as the ridge of the roof.As it passes the exhaust stream and excreted out.

As you already understand, assembling such a complex system with the presence of all components requires professional knowledge and skills, so the installation is best left to professionals.The hands can be made more simple exhaust ventilation system, but the same principle of operation.

Recuperator

We have already several times alluded to the advantages of using the heat exchanger in the regeneration of the ventilation in the house.We propose to consider this point in more detail.In the process of mixing ventilation and air extraction efficiency of large losses occur.Recovery can increase efficiency by 10-15% and expend energy as economically.

The principle of the heat exchanger is very simple: the exhaust air mass out of the room and fall into a special heat exchanger, where it gives its heat to the incoming air, moving adjacent duct.The most popular companies offering similar energy-saving system is Daikin and Mitsubishi electric, but the cost of their products will scare any economical host.Therefore, by itself matures alternative - why not make a heat exchanger with his own hands?

considered the most simple leaf design.With its manufacturer can handle even the novice.This heat exchanger consists of a self-made plates, which can be made from a thick foil, copper sheet, aluminum, and so the PCB. D. The device consists of several tapes, each containing an equal number of plates.Thus, the number of plates depends on the number of cassettes (one cassette m² takes about 4 plates).If you want to immediately make a heat exchanger with high efficiency, put in one drawer twice the number of plates.

Tools and materials required for the manufacture of the heat exchanger for exhaust ventilation at home with their own hands:

• steel corners for mounting flanges with racks;
• soaked in linseed oil for rudder rake plates (can be replaced by technical cork);
• plywood or sheet steel thickness of 3-4 mm;
• MDF panel 20 mm;
• mineral wool or foam filter;
• wooden bars 30x30;
• hardware;
• sealant based on silicone;
• metal scissors.

How do exhaust ventilation with heat recovery:

1. Using scissors, metal, cut into wafer cassette into squares 30x30 cm One cassette includes 70 plates..
2. In parallel faces of each square on the one hand stick soaked with linseed oil rail.It will provide the necessary ventilation gap between the elements.Rod Length should reflect actual faces the square - 30 cm. The latter does not cement the workpiece.If you choose platemaking gofrolist minimum thickness glued to reiki it is not necessary - the wavy structure and leave without the required clearances.
3. Then glue the parts together in a special way: each successive sheet are coated with glue and deploy up to 90 ° with respect to the previous one.So you get an equal amount of air gaps on each side and at the same time they do not interfere with each other.As one will leak cold air, on the other - warm exhaust.
4. Last plate without rail closes the drawer.
5. fill gaps in silicone sealant.
6. On the sides of the resulting tape to attach the mounting flange.
7. very important to set the tape at an angle (diamond-shaped) and fix it in this position.In the process of heat exchange will appear condensate.Since he had nowhere to go, he would settle on the inner walls of the plates and slide down - into the bottom corner of the diamond.To give vent to moisture, it is necessary to make a hole to insert the drainage tube.Occasionally check the water drain and remove the liquid which appeared.
8. If the heat exchanger consists of two or more tapes, they should all be the same size and be arranged so as to fit with the angles of the most dense and tightly.
9. When the tape is ready, put it in a box, the frame of which is made of wooden beams and paneling - MDF or sheet steel.Cartridges should not be hanging out inside the box and sit tight as possible, so try to just make it appropriate sizes.By the inner wall of the box, attach a layer of filter material (foam or mineral wool) to clear air from the street took primary treatment.
10. The sidewalls boxes at points located opposite the flange connections on tape, drill holes.
11. Install heat recovery unit in the guide of the angle steel, screw them to the wall.This will at any time to remove the cassette for maintenance or repair.

ventilation assembling

before taking over the installation of exhaust ventilation, you must calculate the required amount of clean air, which is needed for all rooms in the house.There are certain air standards for premises and they depend on the specific use of a particular room.For example, in the kitchen and bathroom ventilation needs to be more intense than in the living room or the bedroom, because the humidity and speed of air pollution is higher.

table below shows the number of air changes in accordance with the purpose of the premises:

In a residential house on the per person shall be at least 60 cubic meters of fresh air every hour.In the office, this parameter is reduced to 20 cubic meters.Air exchange of industrial premises depends on the characteristics of the working process.For example, if an employee simply sits at the computer, he spends less air than someone who works hard physically.Calculation of air exchange takes place in accordance with the area of ​​the room: 1 m² must fall 3 m³ of fresh air per hour.If you know the total amount of supply air mass per hour, you can purchase the corresponding compressor power and performance.Depending on the air flow rate, encourage the compressor, you can easily calculate the cross-section of the duct and the number of channels for exhaust.

In the table below shows the cross section of the duct of the air in the room:

Since ventilation calculation is quite complicated, many people prefer to entrust this job professionals, and installation of equipment already produced their own hands.

Specificity installation

Installation of exhaust ventilation should not cause difficulties if you have made the correct calculation and prepared all the necessary ingredients.Every item you just need to attach with brackets or standard hangers, then collect the desired geometry of the ducts on the type designer.The only difficulty lies not in the assembly, and in the creation of the project ventilation, because it is at this stage, you need to make all the calculations.

sequence assembly of the ventilation system:

• supply valve;
• recirculation unit;
• intake and exhaust manifolds;
• exchanger / heater / air conditioner / filter;
• wiring exhaust and supply air ducts in the manifold;
• bars on the supply and exhaust diffusers.

Tip: In some areas it is more convenient to use not plastic pipes for air ducts, and the corrugation, which can be bent at any angle and avoids additional compounds.To fix the pipe, use standard screws for plasterboard, screwing them "butt" after gluing the seam sealant.

Remember that a successful result for the most part depends on the well-composed exhaust ventilation scheme.If you are unsure of their abilities or are confused when trying to handle it on their own, it is better to entrust the design professionals.