The foundation of quicksand on its hands

One of the most difficult situations for the construction of the building is the presence in the ground quicksand - a mixture of soil and water particles.Quicksand typically localized at a particular depth, if it is not damaged, it is quite stable.However, when you try to build a buried foundation quicksand builders can deliver a lot of trouble.

How to build a foundation on quicksand?There are several ways, and the choice depends on the location and depth of placement of the unstable soil layer.Therefore, before you stop the choice on any method, it is necessary to order a geological study of the site for construction.In the study you must identify:

• depth of soil freezing (PIP);
• groundwater level (GWL);
• depth of occurrence of quicksand and the thickness of its layer.

methods of combating quicksand and the choice of the type of foundation

Fight quicksand is possible only in one case - if it is possible arrangement of the drainage system below the level of its occurrence.Quicksand is a suspension of fine dust particles of sand with clay impurities in the water and has a semi-liquid consistency of the high viscosity.Qualitative drain with tap water can dry quicksand and prevent its further occurrence.In the process of use of the building would have to conduct regular audit of the drainage system.

quicksand quicksand is not itself dangerous, if not damaging its integrity.Therefore, if the dry quicksand is not possible, you must choose a method of construction of the foundation, which will avoid contact with the foundation of quicksand, or will bring the contact to a minimum.

If the geological studies of soil it was found that quicksand is at a considerable depth below the depth of soil freezing, to a private house, you can choose a monolithic strip foundations shallow gravel bedding, or if the size and weight of the buildings are significant, slab foundation on gravel-peschanoy preparation.

When quicksand is located at a depth of no more than 0.5 meters and its thickness is negligible, and beneath it are solid and stable ground, it is better to opt for a pile foundation with the raft of concrete or using screw piles.Piles bury in solid layers of soil at least 1 meter, perform thickening basis, preventing expulsion of the forces of frost heaving piles.

Melkozaglublenny strip foundation on quicksand

This foundation is carried out at occurrence of quicksand at a depth of not less than 1.5 meters on slabopuchinistyh soils.If you want to equip built his cellar by lifting the cap on the ground, not buried underground part of the foundation.

1. Site preparation is reduced to site clearance, leveling, digging a shallow pit and arrangement of horizontal drainage.In the case of raising the level of ground water drainage will prevent capillary rise of moisture.Pit depth - from 0.5 to 0.7 meters.The bottom of the pit is filled with gravel, crushed stone on top - coarse sand.Carefully ram podsypku, spilling its water.
2. Perform formwork made of boards or panels at the height of the basement foundation.The formwork is laid plastic sheeting or other waterproofing material to prevent leakage of concrete during concrete pouring milk, and then carry out reinforcement of the foundation in accordance with the calculation.
3. Pour concrete formwork M200 or higher grade, remove air bubbles from concrete with a vibrator and level the surface.Maturation of concrete last for at least 28 days, at this time, the foundation must be protected from rain and direct sunlight.
4. After drying concrete foundation waterproofing is necessary to perform, if necessary, its insulation, then produce backfill sand pit.