Ceramic brick solid brick , hollow and facing - what are their characteristics ?

Production of ceramic bricks

Until the 19th century, brick manufacturing technique was rather complicated and time-consuming.Molded his own hands, dried only in the summer, and burned-in makeshift furnaces.In the mid-19th century the first large kiln and dryer there was created.Today, about 80% of all corporations doing brick round with mechanized manufacturing process.

produces ceramic bricks from clay with a constant composition of minerals.It is necessary to choose the right mode of drying and firing (for each composition has his own).Total production of the two known methods: with the help of dry pressing and plate.The first method is not very common, since the raw formed under the strong pressure of clay having a moisture content of 8-10%.

Plus, the first type of brick is not recommended for the construction of buildings with a fairly high humidity.The second method involves the extrusion of the clay mass of the belt press, followed by drying and firing at t about 950-1000 ° C.The temperature and duration of these processes is selected in such a way as to maximize the strength of the final product.Humidity clay used is around 17-30%.

If the question arises - how to determine the quality of the bricks and whether there is a marriage, - that, firstly, it is necessary to pay attention to what the composition (how much it is homogeneous).Not very good if a lot of impurities present (pieces of stone, limestone), as this may affect the quality of the entire building.Secondly, look, that was not "incomplete combustion".It's enough to knock a brick.The appearance of a dull sound means that a marriage exists.

Scope

This material is used in many areas of construction:. For the construction of multi-storey and single-storey buildings, walls and load-bearing walls, laying of foundations, various types of furnaces, chimneys and other ordinary brick used for typical construction (corpulentor hollow), to finish - facing.

particularly well looked fireplaces, columns, stairs, fences, made of glazed brick facing.It is also used in restoration work, facades, interior design.It made this type of brick and with a relief party, that is, with the figure under "Tree", "marble", etc.

He can be shaped, that is to have a certain shape on request (rounded edges, for example).All of this expands expanse of imagination and allows you to create virtually any decorative design and structure (attics, playgrounds, beautiful barbecue area).

ceramic bricks: types and characteristics

Its characteristics include parameters such as porosity, thermal conductivity, color, density ceramic brick.They depend on the specific of its kind.Consider the following types: full-bodied (or ordinary), hollow, cladding.

• Brick ordinary ( corpulent, Private ) has an average density of 1600-1900 kg / m3 and a porosity of 8%, the thermal conductivity of 0.6-0.7 W / m ° C, color - red.Internal structure - with few voids.It is used for construction of exterior and interior walls, pillars, columns.
• Hollow - has a density of 1000-1450 kg / m3 and a porosity of 6-8%, the thermal conductivity of 0.3-0.5 W / m ° C, the color - from dark red to light brown.Internal structure - with a large number of voids (for better insulation).It is used for the construction of partition walls, external walls of the lungs, as well as to fill the skeletons of high-rise buildings.Facing
• - its density 1300-1450 kg / m3 and a porosity of 6-14%, thermal conductivity is the same as that of the hollow, color - white to brown.Internal structure - with emptiness.Also called "façade" or "facial" as it is used for decorative purposes and at facing of buildings.

Another important parameter is the size of the ceramic brick.Usually this 250x120x65 mm.Only in some cases, manufacturers slightly reduce the size of facing bricks to 250x85x65 mm.