Roofing materials for flat roofs selection and use

From the first days of the birth and development in human history, architectural and building art, there are two trends of the roof arrangement for buildings and structures: Pitched volume and the horizontal plane.And if flat roofs initially became widespread mainly in the southern Mediterranean and Asian countries, sloped vertical - in the Nordic countries and in Russia.

roofing materials for flat roofs

The explanation for this is quite simple and pragmatic: the roof should provide reliable waterproofing homes and withstand a load accumulating on it rain.In the southern countries with a large number of sunny days, this problem is not as acute, and it is usually the cheapest option is chosen the least flat roof.In the Nordic countries, however, pitched roof - a necessary measure, though more expensive in the construction process.

flat roof: the main features of

In our country, until recently, flat roofs designed only for industrial facilities and apartment buildings, and in low-rise housing construction were used only traditional gable, roof or hipped roof.But the improvement of technologies and materials market is not standing still so recently there has been a clear trend towards horizontal roof structures in the individual housing development.This was especially evident after the removal of restrictions on the area and number of storeys of the private housing construction, determined the required design of roof or attic to be used for residential purposes.

Now when you create a project of a private house or cottage is easy to provide, instead of the attic living a second and even a third floor, and on the further horizontal roof formed area can be positioned resting place, area for sports and fitness, small greenhouse, yes, even an observatory: to whomwhat do you like.All this contributes to the popularity of flat roofs in the individual house-building and modern technologies and construction materials, can not only simplify the process and reduce the cost of construction of a residential building, but also provide it with considerable strength, reliability and durability.

The main advantage of a flat roof type - simplicity and cheapness.If the cost of equipping a pitched roof can be 20-25%, and in the case of complex, multi-faceted configurations, and up to 50% of the total construction cost, the investment in flat design will be largely determined by the cost of strengthening and warming of the upper floors, as well asmaterials and work to ensure waterproofing.

Constituent elements of flat roof

Types of roofing materials for flat roofs

Basically, for waterproofing horizontal roofs of two types of materials are used:

1. Roll fusing used to create a coating adhered to the surface of the roof of the molten special burners bitumenresin.
   

   flat roof waterproofing roll materials

2. mastic leveling, creating a monolithic layer of mastic in the polymerization of the liquid applied to the surface of the roof.

In some cases, they can be used in combination with each other.To improve the aesthetic and performance properties of the protective layer on top of it can be installed a variety of decorative coatings, ceramic or paving tiles, artificial turf and more. N.

course, inclined multi-faceted and multi-profile roof can significantly beautify the building and give it a unique identity, butwhile the horizontal roof is more practical and functional.Increased the load on the structure of the building in winter due to the large mass of snow that accumulates on it, offset by a significant reduction in the weight of the roof itself and the use in the construction of the walls of the building as a modern durable materials and the latest construction technologies.Especially cleaning the flat roof of snow - the process is much less time-consuming.

Main characteristics of materials for flat roofs

materials used for horizontal roofs, must first of all ensure the quality waterproofing the structure - it is a basic requirement for them, and are usually used for this roofing material is still copes with this task.But today, for roofing materials increased requirements:

• strength,
• lightweight,
• insulation,
• soundproofing,
• resistance to solar radiation,
• frost - and heat resistance,
• biopersistence,
• chemical protection,
• fire,
• durability,
• economy,
• ease of use.

And in this competition, the traditional roofing products on the basis of paper, cardboard and bitumen inferior to modern materials on all counts.

Bitumen roll materials

traditionally always used roofing material, roofing felt and asphalt, are widely used today, but the main drawback is the fragility, due to the low resistance to frost, UV radiation, biological and mechanical stress.This is evident in the cracking and the gradual destruction of the layered, which makes it necessary recoating every 10-15 years of operation for the roofing material, and using a glassine paper or roofing - 5-10 years.Therefore, they are gradually replaced by new synthetic rolls-bituminous roofing coatings based on:

Technonikol - excellent material for roofing roof

1. Glass fiber, glass fiber and modified bitumen having much better strength, durability and other performance characteristics.
   

   Steklobit HSP-3.0	fiberglass	45 p. / Sq.m
   Steklobit HSP-4.0	fiberglass	55 p. / sq.m
   Steklomast TAP-4,5	fiberglass	70 p. / sq.m
   Steklomast CCI-3,5	fiberglass	65 p. / sq.m
   Steklomast TAP-4,0	fiberglass	60 p. / sq.m
   Steklomast CCI-3,0	fiberglass	57 p. / sq.m

   • as well as their counterparts from different manufacturers: Linokrom, Stekloizol, Filigiz, Bikroelast, Bireplast Norma, UNICRI, Rubikrom, Bikrost, Rubemast, Gidrostekloizol, Rubestek.

1. bitumen-polymer roofing materials made of polypropylene or polyester:

• Izoplast EPP 3.0 and 4.0 , worth 120 and 140 p / sq. M.m, respectively, are used for the lower layer of the protective coating,
• Izoplast EKP 4.5 , Izoplast EKP 5.0 - for the top layer, the price - 160 p / sq. m.m,
• Izoplast EMF 5.5 - high density, with high demands on the waterproofing, also used for the reinforced concrete bases and foundations, the price - 180 p / sq. m.m,
• and other similar M ostoplast, Elabit, Lubero .

1. Aluminum foil: Metalloizol and flashing , used in hydro - and thermal insulation of piping materials also have been used in the roofing business.

numbers in the names of designated materials, as a rule, the weight of 1 sq.m material.

All these products allow for a long service life of the roof and the very high quality of the coating.As a rule, they are available in rolls of a width of 1 m and 10 m

Video - waterproofing flat roofs

Polymeric membrane materials

At the heart of such roofs are reinforced with plastic mesh material:.

1. EPDM-membrane - elastomers, synthetic rubber and resins:

• Firestone, 1,15 mm thick, in a roll 6,1h30B5 m, the price of 320 p / sq. m.m

TPO membranes - thermoplastic olefin-based and polipropelina:

• TPO Roofing Systems, 1,15 mm, the cost - 70 p / sq. m.m,

1. also PVC-membrane polivinlhlorida:

• LogicRoof V-SR, 1,5 mm reinforced, price - 56 p / sq. m.m
  

Polymer -. bituminous material for finishing the roof

These roofing materials are more expensive than bitumen-polymer, but have a greater resistance to weathering, strength, elasticity, and accordingly, durability, which can reach 50years.Furthermore, due to its lesser weight, about 1.3 kg / sq.m, they are available in a much wider range of roll widths - from 0.9 to 9 m, which allows for optimal fit this parameter to the width of the roof, with the least number of joints.

Unlike a roll-bitumen "surfaced roof" technology coating polymer membranes do not require the use of an open flame, unacceptable on the roofs made of combustible materials.Connection joints made with hot air and adhesive tape.There are also self-adhesive roofing membranes, which greatly simplifies the work of Coating.

roofing mastic

main disadvantage of roll roofing materials, from which they might have been made, is the inevitable presence of joints in the joints.In addition to the appearance of significant irregularities on the surface, it is also a common cause of violations of waterproofing and leakage as a result of the impact of weather events.

fundamentally otherwise deprived of this drawback, a seamless roof covering special cements based on polymeric resins, hot and cold application.Under the influence of atmospheric oxygen and moisture in them comes polymerization process that creates durable, waterproof, and durable monolithic coating.This technology is called "filler roof."

mastic materials are ideal for

flat roof should be mentioned here as the roof of the "liquid rubber" on the basis of synthetic rubber and bonding of neftepolimerov.This coating applied by roller, brush or by spraying, and having excellent characteristics, it would be ideal in all respects, but its use inhibits the need for compliance with very strict conditions of temperature and humidity, as well as the humidity of the roof surface during the execution of the works and in the processcuring the protective layer.

In addition to all the great things mastic roofs, there is another - easy and quick application.This is especially true cold mastics, a layer which is leveled on the surface of the roof of the usual stiff brush or broom, without the need for preheating.There mastic materials are bred not only organic solvents, even water, however, their durability is not so high, but the simplicity of the process enables operation at least every year.

Before the application of such materials roof surface must be pre-treated with primer or undercoat.This will greatly improve the strength and durability of the protective layer.In addition, the perfect result can provide the combination of technology and weld filler roof.

insulation materials

flat roof, in contrast to the volume, no additional air gap, which gives thermal protection internal residential homes.However, work on the hydraulic protection of flat roofs can precede the establishment of the outer heat-shielding layer on the basis of modern materials such as:

• mineral or rock wool,
• polymer or extruded polystyrene,
  

  Styrofoam to insulate the roof

• foam.

After laying the heat-shielding layer, the works on waterproofing roofs and the use of additional internal thermal insulation of buildings in the form of false or suspended ceilings allows you to fully compensate for this horizontal roof.

flat roof insulation

Thus, the use of new high-quality materials and modern construction technologies allow to get away from traditional design for roofs of low-rise housing on the basis of alternative ideas and methods to help diversify the range of individual solutions and options.

Video instruction - insulation of flat roofs (roof)