How to hold the wiring in the house ?

Wiring in the house is a time-consuming process, but nevertheless it is the power of even a novice electrician!Next we look at the whole process from A to Z, to technology was understandable even for beginners (so to speak, dummies).

process consists of several basic steps:

• selection method of laying (open and hidden);

• creation schemes;

• marking work;

• choice of constituent elements;

• main process;

• permission to connect to the local mains

consider how their own conduct on the wiring example of a new home.

Selecting the type of wiring

The first where to start - to set a process line installation.Today wiring is used overt and covert type.

Open wiring is secure all the constituent elements on top of the finished walls (the track laid in special cable ducts).

advantage is as follows:

• damaged area can be easily repaired (no need to cut the wallpaper, to destroy plaster wallsetc.);

• simpler installation and preparatory work (no need to Stroebe walls for wiring in the house);

• conveniently add new branch point.

Disadvantages of this method of installation:

• not often fit into the interior rooms (cable ducts are not too attractive);

• outdoor wiring is more susceptible to mechanical damage, and typically has a shorter life.

Hidden wiring in the house is more popular.This embodiment involves assembling wires in special grooves in the walls and ceiling (Stroebe), as well as in the false ceiling, a plastic, a special plinth.

Advantage:

• does not spoil the interior rooms of its kind;

• is fireproof (except wooden house);

• cheaper (compared to the open method of wiring pads);

• probability of damage is much less;

• high durability of all components.

Among the shortcomings release:

• repair and maintenance of the difficulty (to replace the electrical wiring in the house, or connect a new point, you need to damage the finishing material);

• in case of failure is very difficult to find the exact location of the damage, if not use special devices, for example, a self-made metal detector;

• more complex electrical work.

recommend that you still stop your choice on the latter method, ie. To. It is more durable and the whole line is not evident!When choosing a high-quality components and correct installation of electrical wiring in the house, the probability of failure is very low.

Creating a schema

To draw a wiring diagram, you must first provide the location of the following items in a private home:

• place entry route into the room;

• equipment (RCD and circuit breaker);

• powerful appliances (eg, washing machine, electric kettle, cooker), that is to carry a separate power line for it..;

• ceiling lights;

• sockets, switches, junction box.

Note the following requirements and recommendations in the schematic electrical wiring:

• Wires should pass only vertically and horizontally across the walls and ceiling.Rotation should be carried out at a right angle.It is also possible to carry out the wiring on the floor by using a special electrical baseboard.

• place along the wall wiring pads should be at a distance of 20 cm from the ceiling, at the same time to the installation of sockets and switches fall straight down the line.

• From doors and windows network should take place at a distance of 10 cm.
  

• switches must be done at a distance of 80 cm (or 150 cm) from the floor, by the door handle.

• mounting socket made at a distance of 30 cm from the floor, while on the kitchen worktop sockets should be installed at a height of 10 cm.

• not recommended to place in rooms with high humidity switches and sockets (only at a safe distance according to GOST)best print out all elements outside of the room.

On the basis of the recommendations go on to create their own project wiring harness.

Can an example to use one of the following wiring diagrams in a building:

is best for these purposes to use the copy of the plan of your home, since in this document followed the exact dimensions of the rooms..and the placement of windows, doors, walls.

After circuit design is done, move the markers to the work.

Marking work

Marking work are drawing on the walls with chalk or charcoal route passing the cable as well as installation locations of its elements.To quickly and smoothly make the route the wiring, it is recommended to use a rope, pre painted in chalk (or charcoal).This rope is properly called a cord, to see how they can use the photo below:

All you need to create one of the sites is to fix one end of the rope in the original position and gently stretch it to the end point (to colored ropeHe touched the wall).After that you need to pull the rope and let go abruptly, to trace was left on the wall.

After marking the completion, it is recommended to photograph the wall in a private home.This will allow you to quickly locate the wiring at its replacement or repair.

Choice constituent elements

At this stage, you need to pick up all the planned electrical products for wiring.Please note that when selecting materials do not need to save money, t. To. The poor quality Chinese products are very often the cause of accidents (up to short-circuit), and is also subject to breakage.

recommend that you stop the selection on the following elements (see photo above):

• boxes and are non-flammable channels orself-extinguishing materials;

• outlet and open type switches (they are easier to mount, while the cost of goods is lower than that of the hidden);

• copper cable (its service life is much longer than that of aluminum products).Besides copper wires capable of withstanding higher loads.We recommend to give preference to brands such as PVA, VVGng or NYM;

• cross-section lived on the rosette group is not less than 2.5 mm.sq.(Withstand current up to 25 A, which is enough for the home environment, although it is better to carry out the calculation of the cable cross sections for individual application conditions).For the installation of lighting, you can choose a cable with a core cross section 1.5 mm.kv., but will have to buy a thicker wire to connect a powerful household appliances - 4 mm.kv.

calculation materials

In addition, you need to calculate the exact number of sockets, switches, mounting boxes still need to take care of the length of the wire harness on the installation throughout the house.

sure to purchase a length with a margin, or in the process can be a nuisance when you till the end point is not enough just 10-15 cm

advise you to calculate the length according to the following rules:.

• forinstallation boxes to add 5 cm length + depth of the box;

• mounting fixtures add to the length of 10 cm (if you are using an incandescent lamp) and 15 cm (if using fluorescent lamp);

• to the length of each segment add 10-15 cm for connecting wires to each other.

basic process

So, the scheme is, the constituent elements purchased, walls are prepared.Now you can safely proceed to the installation of electrical wiring in the house with his own hands.

to work, we need the following tools:

1. Little Bulgarian diamond disc

2. puncher with a crown on a brick or concrete

3. screwdriver

4. Hammer

5. Chisel

6. sharp knife

7. Trowel

8. Spatula

9. Foam float

Whatever information is better perceived, to give the whole process of wiring harness on a private house in the form of step by step instructions.

Step 1 - Shtroblenie walls

With grinders carved in the walls of the counter marked by a special groove for assembling new wiring in the house.The dimensions of the grooves should be as follows: depth of 2 cm, width 2 cm).The locations for installing junction boxes, switches and sockets Stroebe walls with the gun with a nozzle (Stroebe depth and diameter are selected according to the size of products).

See how to do Stroebe on the wiring in the house, you can in the video below:

Step 2 - mount junction boxes

InStroebe round boxes and flush mounted.For their installation is recommended to use screws with dowels or asbestos layer (about 2 mm).After secure the boxes, move on.

mounting boxes to visually see the process of installation Escutcheon you in the next video example:

Step 3 - Bookmark line

groove under the wire progruntovyvaetsya,then it is necessary to lay the cable into the pre-cut it into pieces.To fix the wiring is recommended to use plaster.She can just grab a line and align the walls.Step tacking -. 40 cm on the other methods of cable attachment to the wall, we talked to the relevant article, which strongly recommend that you read!

Step 4 - Connecting sockets and switches

Once the plaster hardens completely (about a day), it is necessary to carefully wipe using a trowel.After that, you can proceed to the installation of sockets and switches.

That's the instruction on electrical wiring in a private home from scratch.We recommend you also view the vivid video tutorial, which discloses the event more extensively on the brick buildings Example:

Obtaining permission to connect to the local mains

Whenappliances, machines and RCDs are installed, you must agree with wiring ready "Gosenergonadzor", which should give a positive answer to the owner power.

You must first pass acceptance tests (technical inspection of the facility where the wiring has been carried out).If the result is positive, you will be given a "Certificate of admission to the connection", on the basis of which the owner of the power supply must connect your private house.

Also read:

• How to make ground in a private house?
• How to light in the house?
• The cheapest electric heating