Installation of natural and mechanical ventilation systems in a private house

fresh air in the home is vital.And if the residents of the apartments, using the central ventilation, do not think about the air exchange (for which there is forced ventilation), when building a house to solve the question of how it will behave in the air of the room and removed the combustion products from the kitchen and unpleasant odors from other rooms,needed at the design stage.

Draft ventilation

Options ventilation device in a private house a few.

1. Natural ventilation is the most simple and does not require large-scale investments and works.It is based on the air flow due to the temperature difference.It is based on the vertical ventilation ducts, which can be in the house and several intake valves or cracks in doors and windows.Disadvantages of such ventilation - low efficiency and large heat loss in winter, as the warm air out of the room quickly comes out at subzero temperatures on the street.
2. Forced ventilation - the choice for large houses and homes with multiple bathrooms, swimming pool and exploited cellars.It is more expensive to install, and its operation requires power, but on the drafts, stuffy air and noise from the street can be forgotten."Advanced" system can heat or cool the air, filter it, including pollen, regulate humidity.

designing ventilation project for the house, you need to consider:

• what its total area,
• as isolated from each other are flat,
• what is usually the force of the wind and the temperature at different times of the year (at low temperatures Rodenhanced, and high and there is no wind at all may be lost),
• which windows and doors are to be supplied,
• how will heat the house,
• any devices that increase the oxygen flow rate will be used, etc.

The kitchen equipped with a gas stove, must come and discharged at least 70 cubic meters / h and electric -. 50 m³ / h.If there is a furnace, the airflow must be even higher.In second place bathrooms and toilets, in which ventilation should be 50-30 m³ / h, depending on the area.For rooms, the figure of 15-30 m³ / h.

installation of natural ventilation

Even during the construction of the walls in the kitchen, dining room, toilets and rooms, far away from these premises and have tightly closing doors, ventilation pipes are laid, or are left channels for them.Also, the ventilation pipes are laid in all rooms without windows.They are made of steel and aluminum, but the most preferred option for private construction - polypropylene or plastic.Diameter pipes of ventilation - 100-250 mm.

Begin pipes can in the basement, so it will take place and its ventilation and access to the roof, finishing no lower than the ridge.The ventilated in doing so slit tube and adjusted grid on the outer end of the tube baffle is mounted.The thickness of the duct depends on the floor area and number of the incoming air.He turns and narrowing significantly reduce cravings, and therefore undesirable.

addition to venting should be provided and its tributary.In the simplest case, this takes place through cracks in the windows or ventilation.But if installed modern windows, plastic or wood, the house to "breathe" through them can not.Periodic airing will not solve the problem, if a window or a carriageway road construction.Ensure that the oxygen supply needed by intake valves in windows or in the walls underneath.

Natural ventilation in the rooms and rooms without ventilation pipe is not possible with a tight-fitting doors.Under it should be a gap of 1-1.5 cm or ventilation grille.

At high dry air in the premises, musty smell and the constant feel unwell, it can be concluded that the air supply is insufficient, and install an additional air inlet or permanently keep the window ajar.Excessive moisture and mold in the home indicate that the outflow air is insufficient.After the completion of this defect is compensated more difficult, so the output will be the installation of mechanical ventilation system.

Installation

forced ventilation If the drafts with the windows open and a great loss of heat is not satisfied, it is necessary to install mechanical ventilation.It is almost obligatory in a big house with a lot of "wet" areas and isolated rooms, because the number of vent pipes on the roof does not look too appealing.

Mechanical forced ventilation consists of:

• block ventilation (best with heat exchanger - heat exchanger, which allows warm coming from the street air heat exhaust),
• intake,
• ventilation channels with diffusers,
• suction channelswith ventilation grilles,
• general ventilation pipe with a baffle.

Installation of forced ventilation is better to carry out when building a house, but in extreme cases, air ducts can be masked or gypsum ceiling boxes.

heart of the system - block ventilation, in which the air filtering, heated it, is the control system and fans.Optimally positioned it on the insulated attic - so the length of ventilation ducts will be smaller.If this is not possible, it fits any utility room connected to the mains.It should be noted that the air handling unit is very noisy, so some bedrooms to install it is not worth it.

depart from the main unit 4 of the pipe.On one of them comes from the air intake at the second - is distributed through the rooms on the third - is withdrawn from them, and the fourth - out of the house through the chimney on the roof.The air intake is mounted on an outside wall, so that the distance to the vent pipe with a baffle, fireplaces and chimneys, as well as sewer risers was not less than 10 m. It should be not less than 150 cm from the ground and not buried in snow.On the air intake give a fine mesh of dust and insects.

Then mount the actual ventilation channels.For this purpose, the same ducts as for natural ventilation.By the block they are connected through a flexible corrugated pipe, the length of which must not exceed 1 m, so the vibration of the unit will not be distributed in the room.All air ducts Thermal insulation to prevent condensation and reduce noise.The noise level decreases with increasing length and pipes that take into account in the design.Hole inflow pipe disposed in the room is closer to the window or on the opposite side of the door, the exhaust - on the other end.

All the ends of the ducts on the set of the lattice.Ventilation pipes terminate in outlets, diffusers through which air spreads out in all directions, and the flow rate can be adjusted.On the exhaust ducts mounted conventional ventilation grilles.

correctly selected and operates the ventilation system not only saves maintenance and health of residents, but also make the atmosphere really home.