Construction melkozaglublennogo strip foundation with his own hands - instruction

During the construction not heavy and bulky structures such as bath houses, garages, cottages, on the grounds nepuchinistyh most optimal melkozaglublenny strip foundation.It is more economical and easier in the construction, although it is also durable, as well as the foundation of deep bedding.

Features

Melkozaglublennye foundations are best suited for non-frozen soils, as are located at a depth of 50-60 cm, at least -. 45 cm for clay soils with a high degree of swelling depth should be even more - 80-90 cm width.. foundation, enough to light a house or other structure - 30 cm, total height - 70-80 cm

stages erection

As with any tab strip foundation, the whole process can be divided into the following stages:

1. site preparation,
2. foundation layout (detailed here),
3. trenching and drainage,
4. construction formwork,
5. reinforcement,
6. preparation of the solution and filling the basement,
7. waterproofing and insulation.

Preparations

plot is prepared in the usual way: the vegetation is removed, withdrawn fertile soil, and the soil compacted.Partitioning is performed by means of pegs and fishing line or thin strings as in the construction of any strip foundation.

Earthwork

trenches dug under the foundation melkozaglublenny depth of 75-80 cm and a width of 40 cm. At this stage, laid inputs and engineering services in the construction of the conclusions.If the site has a bias, or close to the surface lie groundwater, it is necessary to carry out drainage (read about it here).

At the bottom of the excavated trench is filled and compacted sand.The thickness of the sand cushion shall be not less than 10 cm, it will compensate for the swelling soil when it is freezing.The sand layer is aligned with the spirit level.

formwork and reinforcement

Formwork can be collected in several ways:

1. of planks measuring 150 * 25 cm, connected by screws.Spacers are installed every 90-100 cm.
2. OSB, sawn into billets of 220 * 80 cm. It is faster, but expensive way.
3. of polystyrene elements.

squad permanent formwork is particularly suitable for melkozaglublennogo foundation, since it would still need to insulate and expense items - small.

Reinforcement Reinforcement melkozaglublennogo foundation runs reinforcing rod diameter of 16 mm on the standard scheme.For this type of foundation only two reinforcement zones: the upper of the two rods, the bottom - of the three.They should be located not less than 5 cm from the foundation.At the beginning of the frame welded rod segments, then tied him to the rods of the upper and lower zones.At this stage do not forget to lay pieces of polypropylene pipes across the foundation for its ventilation.

Pouring the concrete for the foundation

it is desirable not to use concrete grade is lower than the M350.During the construction of a residential building lightweight, for example, a frame, it is desirable to use a concrete factory production and expel air bubbles Vibroplatformy.When small amounts of building (garage, sauna), you can prepare a solution on their own and do shtykovaniem.And in fact, in both cases the concrete must be poured at once.For more information about the foundation is poured, we wrote this article.

embedded in concrete formwork carefully leveled and covered with foil.To prevent cracks on the surface it is necessary to keep moist for a week.This can be done by pouring the foundation once a day with water sprinkling wet slips or hiding a wet cloth.After 2-3 weeks, after drying, the casing is removed.From the inside of the removed soil and put a layer of waterproofing, poured a layer of sand

Melkozaglublenny 10-15 cm thick. Foundation needs insulation that is performed using polystyrene, and drainage.Blind area will also increase the life of such a foundation.Another feature - a foundation is easy to freeze, so it should not be left uncovered for the winter.Ideally - if the frost will have erected the walls, if not, it will have to take care of his shelter.