The principle of operation of the washing machine and its device , scheme of work , the algorithm and the mechanism of Indesit, LG, Samsung, Ariston, Electrolux, Bosch

Regardless of the brand of automatic washing machine unitmodels with front-loading is almost identical from different manufacturers.Understand the device of such equipment should any of its owner.This will help to understand how the machine, which could be damaged at various issues, and will be possible to cope with the breakdown of their own hands.

The main sites include automatic machines:

• housing;
• tank;
• drum;
• System waters of the Gulf;
• pressure switch;
• motor;
• heater;
• drain system;
• control unit.

All elements of the washing machine, regardless of the brand - Indesit, LG, Samsung, Ariston, Electrolux, Bosch or another, are located within its metal casing.The isolated base body, a front panel with a hatch, a top cover, side walls and rear wall.

At the top of the front wall of the body is the control panel, and in the left corner of the container is to load detergent (dispenser).Typically such container is provided in the cell 3 (powder for two and one for the liquid agent), but there may be more or less depending on the model (1 to 5).Powder loaded into the dispenser through one or more nozzles inside the tank falls under the action of water jets.

At the center of the front wall is the door of the washing machine.It is isolated parts such as rubber lip of the hatch and the unit responsible for the hatch lock during washing.Inside the cuff is attached to the tank by means of a collar.Due to interlock the door can not be opened during washing.Most often, such a device has a thermocouple, so after washing the door remains closed for a while.

signal to a set of water comes from the control unit to the solenoid valve, which is connected to a hose for water filling.This hose must be connected to the water supply.

Buck considered major and most voluminous part of automatic machines.It can hold 35-60 liters of water.To during the washing machine does not vibrate too much, the tank is not rigidly connected to the housing.To support it at the top of the machine there are two or four springs, and the bottom - two or four dampers.Moreover, to avoid strong vibrations and the imbalance in the wash tank, mounted thereon concrete counterweights.With this design the housing during operation of machinery, despite fluctuations in the tank, remains stationary.

Inside the tank is a drum associated belt drive or direct drive with the engine.The laundry drum is loaded, and after the washing program has a plurality of holes through the water starts flowing detergent.Front tank connected to the drum rubber sleeve providing sealing, and at the rear of the drum shaft passes through the tank to the bearing assembly.

to manufacture the drum typically use stainless steel, and the tank can be either steel or plastic.The second option is cheaper, but is more fragile and less life.Often it has two tank halves that are joined via bolts or clamps, but there are many typewriters collapsible tanks.

main elements of the drain system machines are automatic drain pump and drain the plastic corrugated hose length of 1-4 meters.One part of the hose is attached to the pump by means of a collar, and a second output to the sewage system.

drain normally should be performed several times during the wash cycle.The device isolated motor pump, the impeller and the "snail", to which is connected hoses.The pump is often synchronous.pump is controlled by an electronic module.

This node washing machine commands all the other elements, so it can be safely called the "brain" of the machine.It is also called the programmer, the electronic board or control unit.It is because of this block is given to the team that performed the Gulf system, TAN, drum, drain pump and other components.

control unit is the most difficult and expensive part of the washing machine.It can generate a digital display, thanks to which the user knows all about the machine.In most models, when a fault indicator will show the error code.Upon learning of his transcript, you can define the essence of damage and whether it is possible to cope with it without calling the wizard.If you went down the module itself, for its repair or replacement should see a specialist.

control module is based on the control of various sensors, sending him information about all processes in the machine during washing.

These sensors are:

• pressure switch.So called sensor whose function is to monitor the water level.Another naming him a level switch.It is an electronic or mechanical, and the principle of its operation - pneumatic.As soon as the pressure switch sends a signal to the control unit of a sufficient amount of water in the tank, the machine will continue its work.
• air chamber. This item is made of plastic is located next to the spout and is important for pressure switch.When the tank is filled with water, the air pressure in the chamber increases proportionally with the water pressure.A small fitting pressure is transmitted to the pressure switch.
• thermostat. Such a sensor located at the bottom of the tank.The main function of this sensor is to determine the temperature of the water in the tank and transfer the data to the control module.
• tachosensor. His main job is to control the engine speed, which is important for the various modes of washing and dewatering process.

Located inside the washing machine heater is responsible for heating the water during the washing process.Heater power is most often in the range from 1800 to 2200 watts.It is located at the bottom of the tank and is considered one of the most vulnerable elements of this technique.His failure - one of the most common and most often caused by the accumulation of scum on the surface of the heater.

main engine function in the washing machine is a drum rotation software.The most common machine-gun mounted commutator motor, but you can find a model with a brushless induction motor.

models with direct drive motor mount is made to the drum (to the rear wall).This type of motor in a washing machine is called more efficient.Its rotation requires less energy, and the vibration and noise of the machine with direct drive will also be smaller.Furthermore, such an engine takes up less space, which allows to create machines with compact dimensions.

models with belt drive has a pulley, which is located behind the tank.It is connected to the motor via a drive belt.When the motor switch triggers the movement of the belt pulley begins to rotate and thus provides and rotation of the drum.The main drawback of such a construction machine is exposed to wear the belt friction effect.In addition, this washing machine vibrates when operating more than models with direct drive.

Pro device is a washing machine and its operating principle is well explained in the following video.