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Wires And Cables

August 12, 2017 18:07

How to run a cable under the ground - practical tips

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Most often, the need to lay an electric cable in a trench at the summer cottage there, if you want to make the street lights on poles or hold the wiring in the bath.In this case, it is very important to comply with regulations (in particular SNP and the SAE), as well as to take into account safety at electrical work.Next, we bring to your attention to cabling technology in the ground with their hands.

Contents:
  • Requirements for electrical work
  • Technology laying his hands
  • Practical tips from professionals
  • nuances while laying in the winter

Requirements for electrical work

firstthing to do is to tell you about what regulations may affect the way you perform wiring in an earthen trench.So, we are aware of the following restrictions according to the rules of the SAE, SNIP and GOST during electrical work:

  • Depth of the cable in the ground must be at least 70 cm If the underground line length is less than 5 meters and with the wiring will be further protected by the tube is allowed.to lay the conductor at a depth of 50 cm, as shown in the picture.Cake for wiring in the ground
  • Under the foundation of the line shall be prohibited to carry out at home.The minimum distance from the base should be 60 cm. If you need to run a cable from the house to the bath (or other building) through the foundation, be sure to protect the transit power line steel pipe.
  • distance between two cables in a single trench should be less than 10 cm, whereby the width and selected technological ditches.
  • From trees need to retreat at least 2 m for wiring in the trench, and from the bushes - no less than 75 cm If you are organizing an additional cable protection pipe line, this rule can be ignored..
  • Distance to water and sanitation should be more than 1 meter, and the gas from the pipe - at least 2 meters.
  • If you can not do without the intersection of cable lines in the trench that separates the layer of soil must be from half a meter.
  • itself conductor must be armored, specially designed for laying underground.Book a layer is needed to protect the wiring from rodents and mechanical damage.
  • If you decide to run a cable with a special winch that spins the drum, the mechanism should be further equipped with limiter (SNIP p.3.58).Limiting device allows you to guide the gasket with a margin (snake), that there was no tension line.
  • If you need to perform the connection of electrical cable under the ground, use the special coupling, as shown in the photo.Connection wires to ground
  • For additional protection, the power line underground (for example, with strong subsidence) can be used with asbestos cement pipe or a special cable structure of brick (laid across the trench, as in the photo below).Use hollow brick is strictly prohibited.Protecting brick wiring
  • sure over-laid in the ground conductor signal band with the inscription should be routed to: "Beware, the cable!".

Considering these requirements and rules, you can be sure that the laying of the cable in the trench did not expose the threat to you and your home wiring line!This is of course not all the limitations that exist in the rules of the EMP and SNIP, but pet Terms of requirements will be enough, even if connecting portion of the pole to the house.

Technology laying his hands

Here we come to the main issue of the article, which will consider how to lay an electric cable in the ground on its own.To guide was friendly and easy to understand, give it in stages.

  1. Draw field wiring diagram in a trench, which mark the exact distance from the house, garden buildings and plants, according to regulatory documents.If underground wiring is used to connect the street lighting in the country, be sure to include the installation location of lamps.
  2. Mark the area suburban area pegs and rope, then Dig a trench according to the markup.After the excavation of the trench, remove rocks from ready, the possible broken glass or pieces of metal, which can further damage the wiring underground.Immediately install lighting support, if required.Finished trench from the house to the site
  3. compacted on the bottom make uniform cushion of sand, about 5-10 cm.
  4. thick Route wire in the ground, as shown in the photo.For wiring, the trench is recommended AVBbShv cable with aluminum conductors, or a more expensive option - VBbShv, with copper conductors.Laying electrical wiring Armored conductor photo
  5. Check the power line finished with a megohmmeter, which will determine the short circuit, if any.
  6. Discharge from the cable, which connect the conductors with armor and close all the earth.We must act cautiously, while defending itself with rubber boots and gloves.It is advisable to invite a partner in any case.
  7. Protect the wiring (if necessary) using asbestos-cement or plastic pipe (for instance, the IPA).If you have chosen to protect the asbestos-cement pipe, cut it lengthwise, lay inside the conductor and connect the tape material.This technology allows you to quickly release the wiring when it is repaired.Electroset ripple underground
  8. Take a picture of a network of trenches to know exactly where the cable goes into the ground in the garden area.By the way, drawing the best save too, becauseit has symbols of all the distances when laying the line of houses, fences, etc.
  9. Fill the trench with sand.The layer should be uniform, about 15 cm. After filling it must be carefully compacted.
  10. On the sand lay the tape signal with the designation that the laying of wiring was done under it.Warning tape
  11. tape on top, pour the remaining land, making hill, which after a few rains settle and level off the surface.
  12. again make measurements using Megger.
Video installation instructions

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That's all cabling technology under the ground at their summer cottage.As you can see, draw a line not so difficult at home.More time and effort will be spent on earthworks - digging trenches.

Practical tips from professionals

addition to the above instructions recommend that you familiarize yourself with some tips in relation to the cable installation in the trench:

  1. Use only special armored vehicle.Such brands as KG, SPAP and AABL better not to choose.The first two cables are not sufficiently protected, and to work with the latest brand conductor requires certain skills.
  2. diameter metal tube which passes through a private house foundation (if need be) should be 2-3 times larger than the diameter of e.cable.
  3. If the depth of ground frost in your region deeper than 70 cm (trench depth), be sure to attach the protective pipe so that it is not torn or deformed.
  4. use plastic corrugated pipe (DCS) to protect wiring under the ground is prohibited.One year later, the corrugation collapse and all its protective properties, which are so weak, lost.
  5. Try not to carry out laying of the conductor under high load areas such as: children's playground, parking, garden paths.
  6. no consensus or rules of regulatory documentation in relation to the minimum cross-section of cable for laying in the ground there.In practice, most often used for the cross section 10 mm2 of copper and 16 for aluminum.Focus only on the calculation of the current capacity and the cable cross-section, and note that the line should be armored.
overview of the work done
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nuances while laying in the winter

Well, the last thing I would like to tell you - is it possible to lay the cable under the ground at low temperatures, and in particular in the winter.Electrical work in the winter time are allowed, but must take into account the following rules and regulations:

  • Before wiring the need to warm up in the trench conductor in a warm room or by a transformer.The latter method is not recommended to use, if you have not encountered before, because with himit requires certain skills.
  • After warming need to quickly make styling power line.If the outside temperature is below -10 ° you have an hour of time, from -10 to -20 ° C - not more than 40 minutes, less than -20 ° C - half an hour maximum.If in winter the temperature is lower, do not perform wiring.
  • No preheating is allowed to lay a cable under the ground in the following cases: if the temperature is below -5 ° C, and the high-pressure guide;if the temperature is below -7 ° C and protected cable insulation, -15 ° C if PVC or rubber insulation, at -20 ° C if the cores are represented by a polyethylene sheath and a rubber additional lead sheath.

That's all that I wanted to tell you how to perform the cabling in the ground with their hands.We hope our practical tips, instructions and regulations provided will help you with the installation in the home!

Also read:

  • How to do the wiring in pipes
  • schemes farmhouse connect solar
  • How to make a lightning rod with his hands
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