Types of electric heaters

most used sources of heat for heating homes are electricity, gas, coal or wood.Despite the technical availability of each of them, the use of one or another due to some factors, such as economic viability, location and frequency of use, safety.In our time, the first two types of energy of these are the most popular.Consider aspects of the use of electricity, as well as the types of electric heaters.

advantages and disadvantages of the use of electricity for heating purposes

Immediately it should be noted that the use of electric heaters for heating - is not the cheapest option, as the cost of the equipment as well as costs of operation are too high.Therefore, it is often considered as an alternative, in the event of disruption of the gas supply, or if there are no gas supply.At the same time, heating the house with the help of electrical appliances has some obvious advantages:

• almost universally accessible.
• Very quick and simple installation.
• Convenient operation.
• Compact devices.
• complete absence of any combustion products.

Thus, for all its faults, related mainly to the economic component of the problem, electrical appliances have a mass of useful properties, which can not boast of heating devices based on the combustion of fuel.

What principles made the classification of electric heaters

all modern electric heating devices are classified as follows.

By way of device installation:

• portable or mobile, which include oil radiators and convectors different.
• installed in the same place or stationary, including boilers, air conditioners, electric heaters, fireplaces, infrared heaters.

By type of coolant, which is heated in the device:

• Air - heating of the surrounding space is carried out by means of air heating.These include heaters, radiators, electric fireplaces and many other devices.
• Liquid - coolant in them is any liquid having a good heat capacity: water, oil, anti-freeze.The most well-known devices with this operating principle are electric boilers and water heaters.Solid
• radiative or - in these devices heat is transferred from the source on any solid surface, which then heats the air in the surrounding room.These include infrared heaters and radiant.

By type of heating element (PETN):

• standard tubular elements are successfully used in many types of heaters that run on electricity.They can have a very wide range of technical characteristics, such as performance and power.Produce them from steel and titanium.

• finned tube - similar to the previous ones, but have a ribbed surface that improves heat dissipation.They are used only in devices where the coolant is a gaseous medium (air curtains and heaters).Do these elements of stainless steel or structural steel.

• Block heaters are several heaters connected into one structural unit.Such devices are mounted in equipment where power control is possible.Liquid coolants which can act or bulk solids.

• temperature controlled - are the most common type of household electric heaters for heating, having a liquid coolant.They are made of copper, steel, or nickel-chromium alloy.

All of the heating elements are only the main parts of the device, about the features of which are read on.

Air convectors

These devices operate as compact portable devices equipped with legs or wheels to be mounted on the floor or wall.Work items in them are the finned heating elements, covered with decorative metal housing with slots for air circulation.They are used in private homes or apartments, primarily as additional sources of heat.

The principle of operation of such devices is based on the fact that cold air flows freely or forced into the device and passes through the heating elements (heating elements).Then, as befits the heated gases rise up and passes through a special grill.The convectors can be equipped with built-in fans for forced air circulation.These devices do not have any restrictions for use.

radiators with heat transfer oil

Appearance and operation of such devices is completely analogous to the ordinary radiator.Once they are filled with mineral oil and heated its electrical heating elements mounted directly within the inner cavity of the device.They are successfully used in offices and homes.There are open and closed oil radiators.Ribs past protected by a metal casing.The main advantage of these devices is that they do not burn, and oxygen in the room is not heated to temperatures that are dangerous for small children.Especially the last feature concerns the closed radiator.

conditioners

We are used to connect these devices to the need to cool the air in the room in the heat.However, they are capable of producing heat and by implementing a so-called reverse cycle.Most models can not be used at ambient temperatures below - 100 C conditioners are called inverters are able to heat the room even at a temperature of - 200 ° C, however, they have a much greater value.

Electrofireplaces

These heaters have a great design, so can be used not only as a heater, but also as a decorative element.These devices can be found in high-end apartments and country houses because of their prohibitive cost.

Modern electric fireplaces do floor, imitating the classic wood and wall versions, which look like thin panels, hung on the wall.The principle of operation is similar to the fireplaces, which have convectors.

Electric boilers

Unlike previous devices, these devices are used to create a permanent heating system in the house.Used in conjunction with a liquid coolant circulating in a closed loop, binds all the rooms in the house.

In view of the main heating element electric boilers are divided into:

• TENovye - work with all kinds of liquid and have a very simple structure.They allow you to smoothly change power in steps to change the intensity of the heat by incorporating different numbers of devices.

• electrode, which have compact dimensions and are used exclusively for water systems.In this case the coolant must strictly comply with the requirements of GOST 2874-82 "Drinking water".This situation greatly affects the cost of the equipment.Thermal energy occurs according to the principle of electrolytic dissociation, whereby the electrode potential difference occurs due to dissolved salts.It heats the water beautifully.Such a device is much more economical than the previous one.

• Induction heaters are the most innovative and expensive devices.They are very reliable and durable.Heat these boilers can be any coolant due to the principle of electromagnetic induction.Such a device consumes the maximum amount of power, but simply to install, does not require a separate room and has a maximum efficiency in the smallest sizes.

All electric boilers to be grounded very firmly.

Infrared heaters

It is the most modern form of electrical devices for space heating.His work is based on the emission of electromagnetic waves of the infrared spectrum.This thermal energy is transferred from the device to those subjects that are close by.The reflected radiant energy from them rather effectively heats the air in the room.This is probably the most economical type of electric heaters.Furthermore, such devices do not desiccate air.Some of them are very beautiful decoration.

Despite the high cost of electricity, the popularity of electric heating devices is not reduced.This is due to their ease and, in many cases, mobility that is not available for gas.