Solar panels for homes with their own hands

Modern life dictates new rules, and alternative energy sources are becoming increasingly popular among the owners of their own homes or country cottages.However, such a device is usually characterized by considerable value, and not everyone will be able to buy solar panels for home .So the question autographic manufacturing design is becoming increasingly important.

Features solar

solar panel is a semiconductor structure, which is designed to convert solar radiation into electricity.Such systems perform the main task - the smooth, economical and reliable power supply at home.In particular, it is important to install the device in remote areas of residence as well as in cases where frequently occurring power outages from the main source.

alternative arrangement quite practical, because the solar panels for the home, at prices substantially different from the traditional power source.Making your own hands will allow the owner not only save money, but also to optimize the power consumption.

advantages of solar installations

The main advantage of solar panels are the following:

• easy to install, due to the lack of need for laying cables to the supports;
• minimum time required for system maintenance;
• electricity is generated with zero harm to the ecological environment;
• lightweight panels;
• no moving parts design;
• noiseless when working;
• independence of electricity supply from the distribution network;
• long lifetime of the device at minimum cost.

Disadvantages of solar panels

Despite the significant advantages of solar panels in their functionality can highlight some shortcomings:

• laborious manufacturing process;
• occupy a lot of space;
• sensitivity to contamination;
• pad does not work at night;
• overall performance depends on natural factors, ie,by cloudy / sunny days.

Constructive battery parameters

installing solar panels in private house - deal feasible.However, in order to design, made by their own labor, to bring the maximum benefit, it is necessary to take into account some of its features.Consider the main requirements for the solar panel unit:

1. Due to the fragility of the product, preferably first thing in the mounted skeleton, and only after the end of the process to establish the structural elements.
2. panel size depends on the functional load, but it is necessary to consider that a large box will have a significant weight and require more power conductors to fill it.
3. solar battery housing must be designed with low side bumpers that their shadow does not let sunlight into elements.
4. It is advisable to treat the body inside and outside waterproof paint, because the construction will be under the influence of weather around the clock.
5. In the case the substrate should be placed.
6. At the bottom of the box body is necessary to provide the small ventilation holes that allow to maintain the desired temperature in the radiator and remove the gas generated during the operation panel.

Selection of materials to create a panel

If you are not able to buy solar panels for , home then handwritten manufacture - optimal solution.Before the formation of the device, is to determine the required materials.Let us consider in more detail what to look for when buying.

1. to create geliopaneli you need high-quality solar cells.Modern manufacturers offer two types of devices:

• elements of the single-crystal silicon, which have an efficiency of up to 13%, but poorly effective in the cloud;
• solar cells from polycrystalline silicon, the efficiency of which is up to 9%, but the intensity of their work is similar in both sunny and cloudy days.

for home energy should be used polycrystals that are readily available in sets.

Important! Get everything needed to build cells from the same manufacturer as the products of different brands can have significant differences in the effectiveness of products.This may cause additional problems in the assembly, operation cost and low capacity solar cell.

1. for solar cell assembly of improvised means you will also need a special set of wires that will connect the solar cells.
2. future housing panels made of aluminum, it is desirable parts that are lightweight.Permissible construction of other materials, such as wood.But since the product will be continuously exposed to weathering, it is only reduce the service life.
3. housing Dimensions for panel determined the amount of photocells.
4. for the outer coating of solar cells suitable acrylic or clear polycarbonate.You can also use tempered glass, which will not pass infrared rays.

So, after careful selection, you need to prepare the following materials:

• solar cells in the set;
• aluminum corners;
• mounting hardware;
• Schottky diode;
• copper electric wire high power;
• transparent sheet of Plexiglas or polycarbonate;
• vacuum stand of silicone;
• set screws for mounting;
• soldering equipment.

buy all these materials can be in a store building materials or using the online store of the subject.

Guide for the production of solar

assembling the product design can be after all the necessary materials selected.Consider the stages necessary actions:

1. Gather together on the table a set of polycrystalline photocells.In our example, this set of 40 solar cells, each measuring 6x6 inches.

1. As the manufacturer claims the power of 4 watts, and the voltage of 0.5 volts, you will need 36 cell battery with a capacity of 18 watts.
2. Use the soldering tool with a capacity of 25 watts, apply photocells contours, creating a tin solder wires.The most convenient way to make solder on a flat surface of the glass.

1. After that, connect all the cells between them according to the circuit diagram. Important! Regardless of the type of connection must be provided shunt diodes are required for installation on the "plus" terminal.For this purpose, the best option will be the Schottky diode that will make a correct calculation of solar panels for homes and avoid battery discharge at night.

1. Take your cell soldered in a sunny place and test their performance.In the case of normal functionality, you can start assembling the hull.

1. To assemble the frame required aluminum corners with low bumpers and hardware.Apply silicone sealant to the inner edges of strips.
2. lay on top of this layer is prepared from a sheet of polycarbonate or other transparent material, tightly pressed to the adhesive for fixing the circuit.
3. After the sealant has dried completely, and seal it with the transparent surface of the frame by means of hardware.
4. Next, you need to place along the inside of the plane transparent solar cells with conductors, keeping a distance of 5 mm between each cell.It is advisable to do a preliminary layout.
5. After that you should fix the light barrier and sealing panel to solar panels on the roof of the house had a long life.To do this, apply to each element of the mounting silicone and close the construction of the back panel.

11. When the silicone hardens completely, seal the entire structure to all panels abut each other.

Wiring diagrams of the solar panel

There are two widespread species of the solar battery connection.Let us consider in more detail each of them.

Parallel connection

In this scheme, you need to connect the terminals of both modules on the principle of analogy: the plus to plus and minus to minus.From any module, take the terminal (+) and (-) and output ends for connection to the controller kit, or charge the battery.In the case where you need to combine the three modules in one system, the action will be the same: connect similar terminals of all the modules, and then print the ends of the (+) and (-).

Series connection

In this scheme, the connection must be connected to the terminal (+) of the first module to the terminal (-) of the second, and the remaining output ends for connection to the battery or the controller.Regardless of the number of modules, the principle will remain the same.

Conclusion

Getting free electricity - the desire of every homeowner that is easy to make real.With the help of this device and power converter, you can create an additional source of power.It is important that the solar panel is environmentally friendly, reliable and affordable solution to maintain.

Summarizing the above steps for the production of panels with their own hands, there are several key recommendations:

1. conductor connecting the solar cells in a single system, it is necessary to make sure the size of the elements.This takes into account the size of each fragment, the distance between the plates and the length of the conductor on the back surface.This is necessary in order to quickly and accurately combine all the elements and avoid cutting soldered conductor as well, you can easily break the cell.
2. Apply a small amount of tin in the solder place because it is poorly heated and provokes a strong push soldering pencil to the plate.There is a risk of injury.
3. It is desirable first of all to prepare the body for the battery, and then insert the solar cells with the conductors.So you can avoid injury when moving items.

Instructions on how to make a solar panel can be seen in his own snippet: