Calculation of the strip foundation

Examples of how to calculate this kind of important construction project, intended for those who are constructing their own dwelling or construction starts for the first time.Using the formulas and the data obtained for a durable, good-quality strip foundation settlement and durability of the entire construction mortgage.

Calculation of the strip foundation.Calculator on-line calculation

in on-line mode, the user has the right to perform complex mathematical calculations future monolith under strip footing.On the pages of the table exhibit monotonous.Learn how to use at least one of them, easily held on any other payment.This method allows you to perform an accurate count for the different types of foundation, formwork, calculate the parameters of the valve, the flow of the concrete mix.

1. Explanation of the calculation points:

• name total length of the tape.It includes data on the perimeter of the foundation.Substitute should be the real figures, which are taken after the sounding of the object;
• title belt area of ​​the sole.Determination of the reference area for future foundations.It must match the dimensions of the chosen waterproofing system or material;
• title area of ​​the side surface of the outer.Assumed equal to the insulation area for the outside;
• name Volume concrete solution.This magnitude of concrete required for the construction of the foundation for specific characteristics.It determined only in self-production of concrete solution.Number custom solution is different from the real numbers of the solution of the seal during pouring.The result is increased to 10% margin;
• name concrete solution weight.Calculated on the average density of cement-concrete solution;
• name load on the ground, produced by the foundation settlement.It shows the size of the load distribution on the total area;
• name smallest diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement bars.Select from building codes, which shows all the accepted diameters, taking into account the concentration of the reinforcement in the cross section area of ​​strip foundation;
• name smallest number of rows of reinforcement in the upper and lower zones.Estimated number of rows of longitudinal bars in one zone limenitis.Determined by reducing the real deformation of the tape from the compression or tension during the operation;
• name Minimum diameter collars.After the calculation is done select the nearest value of SNIP;

• name Step clamps.The number needed to reduce the shift of the carcass reinforcement when the concrete solution of the Gulf;
• name The value of the valve overlap.Calculated for nahlestnogo fastening rods or rod;
• full name, the total amount of reinforcement length.The value of the total reinforcement length at nahlestnoy knitting frame;
• name Total weight of reinforcement.The weight of all the reinforcing skeleton;
• name The value of the thickness of the shuttering boards.Select the characteristics of the foundation, received the support of the SNP step GOST table P 52086-2003;
• name Number of boards for formwork equipment.Is computed in linear meters or edging material in meters.

real example calculation strip foundation heaving soils:

Accept data: monoblock concrete, mounted on a granite rubble.For a better understanding of their own, make a scheme plan.

strip foundations, outdoor area which has a slope better withstand obluschivaniyu, swelling, destruction from frost.Therefore, to calculate the accepted object with such features.

1. The data for the calculation:

• foundation tape, the size of 6x3 m;
• top of the 0.2 m;
• bottom, sole 0.25 m

2. Workers dwelling characteristics for the design of strip foundation:

• walls of aerocrete 400 mm thick.
• floor of the ground floor.Bulk on the ground and crushed granite;
• full two-storey house;
• floor decks.Zheleznobetonnye plate factory;
• roof.Ramp at 45 degrees.Logs of wood, nestled tiles;
• ground.Plastic clay;
• location newbuilding.The hilly plain.

Maximum load on the strip foundation is made from the side, plots to 6 m, due to the fact that there is pressure floor slabs, roofs lag.

total load on the foundation is calculated by the sum of all loads from the snow, from the top, from the floors, the walls of the house, from the foundation material.

3. Calculation of the snow load:

• select SNIP load for a particular area.Multiply the figure from the cargo area of ​​the roof to the foundation 1 m;
• calculated area of ​​the roof, the simple arithmetic method is the total value of the roof area.The resulting figure divided by the length of the side strip foundation bases (6.0 + 6.0 = 12.0 m).It does not take into account the value of the ends;
• roof area: computed by multiplying the length of the ramp on the length of the cornice and double work;
• slope length: DSC = 3/2 = 1.5 / cos 45 = 2, 145 m;
• total roof area Skr: 2h2.145 4.29h = 6 = 25.74 m2;
• cargo area of ​​1 m ribbon of foundation: 25.74 / 12 = 2,145 m2;
• choose from temperate zone standards, such as the 2nd, the magnitude of the specific load of snow = 700 N / m2;
• value of snow load: 2.145h70 = 1500 N.

4. Determination of the roof load:

• determined by the load of one square meter in the horizontal projection of the roof;
• our data is 1.5 m tiled gabled roof, situated on a 45-degree tilt;
• factor selected from the table corresponding SNP = 800 N / m2.1.5 x 80 = 1200 N.

5. Determination of the load of floors:

• factors are selected from the corresponding tables SNIP;
• cargo area of ​​overlap = 6x3 = 18/12 = 1.5 m2.12 - is the length of the sidewall;
• load of wooden beams of the attic of the table = 300 kg / m3;
• load of concrete floors = 500 kg / m3;
• total load of overlap: 1.5 x (300 + 500) = 12000 N.

6. Load on 1 meter strip foundation from exterior walls:

• is the product of the load m2 of wall to the height and thickness of the wall of the foundation;
• SNIP table selected load of one square meter of the wall;
• for our calculation is taken from the aerated concrete wall height of 3 m thickness of 40 cm.;
• total: 3 x 0.4 x 600 = 7200 N.

7. Calculation of the load on the foundation gazoblochnogo:

• load value = volume meter basement area, multiplied by the density of the material;
• density material selected from the SNP corresponding table;
• for 2nd zone (adopted in the calculation of the snow load), on heaving soils during the laying of the foundation depth of 1 meter, you can take the volume of 0.450 m3;
• factor for concrete and rubble = 2300 kg / m3;
• total amount: 0.450 x 2300.0 = 10350 N.

8. Calculation of total load per meter length of sole:

• total load: 150.15 + 120 + 1200 + 720 + 1035 = 42250 N;
• make a comparison with the estimated value of the recommended quantity for plastic clay = 15 N / cm2.The area of ​​the settlement of the foundation of 50 x 100 cm = 5000.0 cm2.4225, 15/5000 = 9 N / cm2.To build the foundation of aerated concrete for the area on the accepted parameters as possible.

To translate the value in Newton - kilogram-force, adopted the system gravitational metric system of measurement, calculated values ​​should be divided by 10.

usual pile-strip foundations.Calculation of self-construction

feature destination pile-strip foundation is poured onto unstable ground.The best material for its production - ready-mix concrete brand M300, M350 and even better.This material is designed for wet, floating, heaving soils.Well established itself when operating in adverse areas on the humidity.

1. Calculation of concrete for strip foundation:

• first calculated the amount of concrete for the foundation of the tape.Made simple arithmetic multiplication of the length, width and depth of the tape;
• further made vyschityvanie volume of concrete for piles.According to the formula: V = PI x r2 x h.Explanation P - standard value from 3.14 r - radius of the pile shaft, h - the height of the pile of the rod or the height of the pile;
• now the practical work.Take building meter and measures the actual value of its building materials;
• substitute what values ​​to the appropriate place in the formula, calculate the volume of a single unit of the pile;
• multiply unit volume of the number of acquired piles or the estimated number of products in the future construction;
• but knowing the total volume of the tape, the total value of the volume of concrete under the pile, calculate the tonnage of a concrete solution.

2. Simplified method of calculating the volume of concrete solution for piles:

• accepted standard size production of piles with a diameter of 200 mm;
• easy, pile with a length of 1000 mm, 200 mm in diameter will require just 0,125 m3 of concrete solution;
• this figure is multiplied by the actual length of the required pile;
• after the calculation of the concrete volume of the solution, do not relax.Fabricate a metal frame, it is desirable from the valve A3.

Calculation melkozaglublennogo strip foundation for novice builders

main purpose of the shallow foundation - to withstand construction of a small building on a more or less stable soil without kata seasonal climatic troubles.

Main stages of calculation:

• defining characteristics of soil at the construction site hydrogeology;
• sure to investigate the possibility of groundwater at the site, their location to the surface, seasonal deliquescence, heaving, etc.;
• for accurately determining the real owner will not spare money for a professional challenge and preparation areas hydrogeology;
• finely recessed foundation established on sandy soils or homogeneous composition;
• determine the local structure and properties of the soil;
• calculate parameters for any tape base, if desired, using the methods described above.Do not be lazy and calculate a general principle.It is more complicated, but also more reliable;
• determine the weight of all components required in the calculation formula;
• correct the size and parameters of a possible design of the data obtained from the arithmetic calculations.

calculation tape monolithic foundation

The simplest type of limenitis foundation.All that is needed is to identify specific bit values:

• b - width of the wall, h - altitude Bay, p - the perimeter of the building;
• volume ebb concrete solution is calculated: H & gt; / Z + 10 cm is clear that H - is a fundamental altitude, Z- deep column space;.
• resulting value is compared with the length of the anchorage.Deepening take more or like anchoring;
• determined volume setting low tide: b - the walls, multiplying the overall p (perimeter) of the room / building, h - the height of the casting;
• volume of domestic low tide: the usual formula for determining the volume of school course: l - length, b - width, h - height, multiply;
• calculate opalubovku.We got a side surface area (a tip for those who have forgotten) multiply twice the perimeter with the height of the tide.Calculate unit opalubnoy plank size: width, multiplying with the length;
• board units: divide the sum of the lateral surface area per unit area of ​​the product.

cut reinforcement calculation for strip foundation

deciding and drawing a sketch reinforcement, proceed to the calculation: the volume and number.Incorrect definition of force twice prepay for shipping, will suspend construction work and spoil the mood.

1. As an example, we present the calculation of the figures:

• predetermined perimeter of the house (6 + 7) x 2 = 24 units.rev.The total perimeter of the house;
• 25 + 6 = 31 units.rev.- The total length of the foundation;
• 31 x 4 = 124 units.rev.- The total length of reinforcement.

In the case of the acquisition of the rod is not of that magnitude, it is intended or required in the case of planning to connect trimming pieces in one piece, take stock of wire material from 1 meter.The connection must be done overlap, not to save on home safety.

• assume that the bars have only 1 connection.Hence, the scheme needs reinforcement rod 4, multiplied by the number of walls in the house 5 and get 20 connections.That means an additional 20 meters to the settlement;
• total yardage for armaturinami - 124 + 20 = 144 meters.

2. Example of calculation for the rods with the smoothness of the surface of 8.0 mm diameter, which will go to the uprights, horizontal beams-jumpers:

• length between elements = 50.0 cm;
• 31 / 0.5 = 62. Get the number of rings armirovochnyh units;
• grille, for example, also with a height of 50.0 cm and a distance of 25 cm, then the calculation is as follows: (50.0 + 25.0) = 150.0 x 2 - a perimeter armirovochnogo ring;
• below the total amount of the length multiplied by 1.5: 62 x 1.5 = 93.The result - the value of the entire length of the rods;
• need to take into account crop factor, re-lap, marriage.Professionals recommend to increase the arithmetic figure by 10% to get the real meaning.