Concrete floor with their hands

To make your floor was durable and reliable, you must have under it the appropriate grounds for quality.The undoubted leader in this respect is the concrete floor.Because of its strength, reliability and smoothness, it is the ideal basis for any type of finish.The concrete floor is able to withstand very high loads per unit of surface area, which gives the opportunity to safely install it on heavy items of furniture or interior.Among other things, pour a concrete floor with his hands is not so difficult.

concrete floor casting technology

Concrete is cheap enough and affordable to every material that is comfortable and easy to use that does not require special skills andskills for its installation.These important qualities people prefer to build a concrete floor with his hands in the construction of town houses or repair in apartments.It is necessary to know how to properly pour a concrete floor so that it is durable and long-lasting.Therefore, anyone who wants to engage in self-pouring of concrete floor, should be familiar with this process technology.In addition, you need to prepare the required tool for the job and prepare the ground.Only you can proceed directly to pouring the concrete floor after running conditions.

whole series of works can be done alone, but it is better if there is an assistant, which is designed to perform certain types of ancillary works.This greatly speed up the task.The whole process of concrete floor unit can be divided into several stages: preparation of the base, insulation concrete floor reinforcement, construction formwork, preparation of concrete and its pouring, leveling the surface and the screed concrete floor.Consider all of them in more detail.

Preparation of the base under the concrete floor

To the floor a robust and reliable, it is necessary to conduct qualitative preparatory work, including the preparation of the base.If the repair is done in the apartment, then first of all remove the old base.It is removed by means of the punch to the overlap.The thickness of the old ties can reach 5 cm, so the concrete will be rescued pieces a lot, and have to work hard to bring all the garbage from the apartment.In conclusion, the overlap is cleaned of dirt and dust.For this we can use cleaner.

note that if after parsing finishing you find that old tie still quite normal: no visible chips, cracks or faults, it can be left by updating only the topleveling layer.As for private houses, then they make the concrete floor directly on the ground, which entails the presence of additional labor costs.

Technology arrangement concrete floor on the ground

First, prepare the ground.To do this, perform the following works:

• note the level of 1 m from the bottom of the door opening and move it to the walls around the perimeter of the room.
• obtained from each label is metered down to 1 m. Sami mark will be the zero level, which need to pour concrete.
• on labels trying to drive nails, between which pull cords.This action will always see clearly zero.
• Remove the layer of soil to the required depth.Most often it is 25 cm.
• The resulting surface is required to stamp homemade rammer or vibratory plates.
• Then you need to pour a 5-cm layer of gravel, pour it with water, and also compacted.
• pour sand on the gravel layer 10 cm and rammed it.At this stage it is necessary to check the horizontal surface.If necessary - to fill up the sand and level the surface of the horizon.
• If you want to hide under the floor of any communication, that it must be done under a layer of sand, putting them in boxes.
• top of the sand pour another 10 cm of gravel, the size of which must be from 45 to 50 mm.It needs to be sprinkled with sand and compacted.As a result, it should get a fairly smooth surface.

For convenience, each layer can be done by horizontal markings deposited previously on the walls of the basement walls.The thickness of the preliminary layer must be such that, on the very concrete floor had at least 2 cm, and preferably 5 cm.

waterproofing under concrete floor

For any concrete floor is very importantperform quality waterproofing.If this is not done properly, then the moisture will penetrate into all layers of the floor, including concrete.As a result, indoor air is moist, and get rid of it will not be possible.This situation will lead to the fact that the affected interior and people's health.

easiest way to waterproof take an ordinary polyethylene film with a thickness of not less than 200 microns.However, it is recommended to use a special waterproofing membrane, as with time polyethylene can be cracked.Suit also rolled materials.To waterproofing of polyethylene film has high quality, it is necessary to arrange it in several layers, and specially designed for this purpose only material placed in a single layer.

Whether it's film or rolled materials, they should be laid overlapping at least 20 cm and glued together with adhesive tape.The edges of the waterproofing material you want to display on the walls, so that they are slightly above the zero mark.Edges can also be glued to the wall with adhesive tape.

When laying the concrete floor on the ground is to attend and the thermal insulation.As thermal insulation materials can be used polystyrene, expanded clay, basalt wool, expanded polystyrene, mineral wool, perlite, chipboard, cork waterproof plywood, linoleum on the basis of insulated.Depending on the material layer is determined, where it is required to lay.Expanded clay is placed under the waterproofing, slab and roll materials on top of it, and such as plywood, particle board, linoleum, carpet - is already on top of the screed.

To reduce the effects of thermal expansion of the concrete monolith on the walls around the perimeter of the damper to be glued tape.Due to its elasticity, it compensates for the force of the expanding concrete.If this is not done, the concrete vspuchilis and crack.Damper tape should be glued to a thickness of the concrete layer with the rise above it by 1 - 2 cm. The excess can then be cut with a knife or hide under the baseboard.

reinforcement concrete floor

concrete floor reinforcement is performed using a special reinforcing mesh.This approach will provide greater durability and reliability of the floor, do not give him a crack, even at high loads.Mesh reinforcement is a metal and plastic.This grid is sold in stores, but you can make it yourself, welded from wire whose thickness is 3 - 5 mm.To mesh floor was inside the monolith, placed her on a pedestal height of 2 - 3 cm. When using soft options such grid, pull it to the pre-pins driven into the ground.In addition, for the reinforcement of concrete floor can be used reinforcing rods of thickness 8 - 15 mm, which are welded to each other crosswise or wire.

Installation shuttering

To a large room it was more convenient to fill, it equips the formwork, which divided the entire area into equal rectangles of this size, so that each of them could fill in at a time.These rectangles are called maps.For the construction of the formwork is placed on the floor of the guide bars or metal profile.They put on a level and is fixed with cement mortar.The upper edge of the guide should be flush with the zero level.Between all the guides set formwork and all the cards are generated.That then this guide and parts of the formwork can easily be removed from the concrete, their oiled.

Preparation of concrete solution and fill

strength and durability of concrete floors is achieved by the fact that he poured in one go.For this reason, many bought the finished concrete mixture.It is supplied in a concrete mixer directly from the factory and immediately poured into the formwork.This greatly saves time on the job.However, it is much more expensive than their own to prepare a mixture.

for self-concrete solution will require a concrete mixer, sand, gravel, cement and water.For quality concrete cement should be the brand M500 or M400.The sand must be purchased no impurities clay, preferably river origin fines.To prepare a concrete mix required 2 parts sand, 1 part cement and four parts gravel and 0.5 parts water.Concrete is very thoroughly mixed in the mixer and pour in the "map".Screed mixture shovel, do pierces motion and stretch the solution over the entire area.In this simple way the concrete is well compacted, and from the output air.

A better sex you get when you use a special electric vibrator, which is very much able to seal the concrete mass due to its penetration into all voids and cracks.Once you see that on the surface appears a concrete milk, you can stop the shrinkage and move on to the next card, which your partner is already filled with fresh solution.It should be noted that the concrete pouring it is necessary to produce, from the opposite corner of the door and move toward the door.

Alignment concrete surface and floor screed

After you complete solution of a few cards, start leveling the surface.For this purpose, it is best suited generally not longer than 1 m. It is set on two adjacent guides and attracts.To rule went easily and leaves a smooth surface, it should be wetted with water.When moving the excess of concrete will be poured through the guide to other maps, and the floor level in the manufacturing sector will tend to zero.

filling and aligning one card, proceed to the next.When the entire floor is filled, it is required to leave to harden for 3 - 4 days.Then, the guide and the casing must be removed, and emerged to fill the void with a solution and level.After drying, the concrete can crack, so it should be watered with water every day.When the work is completed, the entire surface again moisten and cover with plastic wrap.It prevents rapid moisture evaporation and allows the concrete to harden in a supportive environment for him.For complete drying of the floor will need 3 - 4 weeks.During the entire period of drying wet concrete standing water.

After complete solidification on the concrete floor, apply a layer of screed.Ties are made by depositing a thin layer on the floor of the grout with a plasticizer.It is also possible to use self-leveling mixtures which when pouring the floor itself conveyed over a thin layer to form a perfectly flat surface.

screed starts from the far corner and ends at the door.Dry screed lasts 2 - 3 days with a constant wetting.Self-leveling mixture harden in a couple of hours and do not require wetting.After completion of the screed and it dries, you can begin laying the finishing coat on the floor.

Separate installation of concrete floors is a long and painstaking process that brooked no hurry.To create a high quality, strong and durable floor, its laying technique must be maintained with high accuracy.At its violation, the floor may collapse and it will have to break the puncher, starting all over again.At the same time, concrete floors, although time-consuming in installation, but reliable and easy to use, cheap and convenient.