Independent electricity for the house : to compare the efficacy and cost

Modern civilization depends entirely on electricity.Without it there can be no question of comfort and warmth in the house.Unfortunately, the presence of the current network in no way depends on the will of the house owner.Often the case of accidents or maintenance work, which sometimes for several hours can leave users without electricity.In harsh winter conditions, it can lead to quite serious consequences until defrosting heating system.Especially these issues are relevant for the private sector or the inhabitants of country houses.In such circumstances, it is logical seen the possibility of an autonomous system power supply unit, which can be used in case of emergency situations to temporarily maintain the health of at least the major appliances.We offer several ways to take a stand-alone house electricity: a comparison of the efficiency and cost of these models.

autonomous power of a country house: the choice of a suitable source

All the big problem of creating an autonomous power supply system for home rests in themselves sources of alternative supply electricity, which in the modern world invented yet not very much.They can be easily counted on the fingers of one hand - it is gasoline, diesel or wind power generator, batteries and solar panels.All of these alternative sources have not only advantages but also some disadvantages, which necessarily required to understand in the first place.

• Various types of generators are the most simple and cheap technical devices that can effectively provide a certain amount of household electricity.Most of them work on the internal combustion engine, gasoline or diesel.Therefore, for their effective and smooth functioning require sufficiently large reserves of gasoline or diesel fuel.To ensure the supply of electricity for at least 2 - 3 days, will require at least 100 - 200 liters.fuel.In this respect it compares favorably to the special gas power generators that run on natural gas, supplied to the house.In this case automatically solves the problem with a fuel source.Also a great option for home uninterrupted supply of electricity is a wind generator, but it has quite a big disadvantage - most often, such installations have a considerable size, and, moreover, for his effective work, they require a whole range of additional electrical equipment.But let's talk about this later, but for now consider other backup autonomous power sources for private homes.

• solar cells are able to provide "gratis" electricity is not only your home, but neighbors.In Western countries, the surplus thus obtained are buying electricity from the owners of energy companies.Control of accounting electricity sold is measured by the meter, only the owner does not pay for it and get the money.We are still far from it, but the first houses equipped with solar panels are already appearing.Such a source has a drawback - it is his size.To provide sufficient energy at home his entire roof should be covered with solar panels.In addition, they still have a large number of various additional equipment, which is designed to not only save, but also to convert the low voltage current to a suitable electrical equipment.Typically, such devices occupy an area of ​​at least 6 m2, so separate space required for them.

• batteries, which can only be used as an emergency power supply, or as storage for various types of generators.During presence in the electricity network, the battery will be charged, and in his absence they will start to give energy consumers.This process regulates the so-called inverter, which simply increases the stress in the 12V to 220V are suitable to us.It is obvious that such source need only be used to provide the vital energy devices, and in a short time.The greater the total capacity of the battery, the longer they will be able to supply power to devices.

It's all possible sources of power, if not to take into account the very very exotic like geothermal, water or working on the principle of the thermocouple.Now we look at how they work and operate.

systems to fuel generators

main task mega diesel, petrol or gas generator in the scheme of residential or non-residential facility of uninterruptible power supply system - time to connect to the work and to provide the necessary equipment autonomous power house.In addition, no less important task of the power source is the place to be timely disabling it.This is important, as the collision of two counter-charged electrons flow in conductors will at least complete burnout of some devices may expensive, and a maximum of a real fire with all the heavy consequences.

Based on these principles have long developed the concept and algorithm incorporating any fuel generators in operation.In the case when the mains voltage is present, they just sleep quiet and steadfast sleep, but as soon as for some reason it disappears, special electromechanical relay immediately closes the circuit between the battery unit and the generator, causing the latter wakes up, starts andIt begins to regularly generate electricity.The reverse process occurs when a sudden power failure in the network from the outside.Contact the controller is opened and the generator stops, the flow of electrons ceases.

According to this principle works nemudrenyh autonomous backup power supply, with the participation of fuel generators.But when it comes to the constant, not the backup power supply, there is still more elementary - instead of a single generator uses two.Here, the second is merely redundant and included only in operation when the first breaks or has run out of fuel.There are also literate circuit alternately connecting generators - this principle makes it possible not to overload too one of the units, which greatly increases their lifespan.Systems based on the fuel generators are not as expensive as fuel-free devices and less complex.Their efficiency is also much higher.However, the required fuel for their operation.

operating principle of the device and fuel-free power sources

autonomous electricity supply system with fuel-free energy sources at the present time is the most technologically advanced and complex.This is because in addition manufacturability of these devices, which are capable of "nothing" to generate electricity, and there is considerable complex auxiliary volume, but the necessary equipment.Its purpose is the accumulation and processing of electrical energy in a completely suitable for household appliances electric current.

scheme we are considering systems operate at very clear and simple principle, despite the great complexity used in its equipment.It can be divided into three main parts:

• itself a source of electricity generated, as is most often speak wind turbine, solar panels and other sources of other low-voltage current.
• Massive volume and accumulative part of which is represented by the battery unit.
• conversion system, based on the work which put the principle of action of the inverter.It is a necessary part of the system which is quite capable of converting a low voltage to a higher.

All of these components are important constituent elements of independent power supply system.The existence and operation of one without the other is impossible.

What should be a system backup power

In conclusion, I must say a few words about how you can make a very efficient uninterruptible power supply with their own hands.For this purpose, we need all three components: multiple alkaline or acid batteries, which are connected in parallel to increase their total capacity, battery charger and inverter for them.So far, the network has a default voltage, batteries safely charged from the battery charger, which is simply plugged in, and as soon as electrical energy in public networks disappear, they begin to consistently give out electricity in-house wiring by means of the inverter itself.The cost of fuel-free units are still very high, so that in our country is carried out of their massive use.However, they do not require any fuel and completely environmentally safe.

Inverters sold in stores in abundance.They are designed to work with a certain power consumers.Depending on the task, you can buy an inverter, the output of which will power just 300W, enough to light in one of two rooms or maintenance of gas heating boiler efficiency, as well as possible and to 4kW, which already provide a whole house energy.From this power depends of the number of appliances that can be fed from this source.It is only necessary to understand that the greater the number of devices you connect to such bespereboynik, the greater the need to increase the total battery capacity.If the capacity to pick up incorrectly, the battery discharge quickly and nothing will by any such system.

Here, in general, that, and all the ways in which it is possible to equip the autonomous power private house.As you can see, the choice is not particularly large, but, nevertheless, it is.As for the financial cost of such systems, the majority of people, it may seem too high, especially if we take into account fuel costs.In this respect, more attractive look are completely free and inexhaustible sources of energy, like the sun or the wind.Such systems though are much more expensive, but they pay for themselves with a margin so that there are no costs for fuel for the generator.