How to make a wooden staircase to the second floor with their hands - instructions with drawings

storey building in the private sector are being built only for economic activity, and are used as auxiliary buildings.A full house at least - in the 2nd floor.Therefore, without such a functional element such as a staircase to the second floor, can not do.

problem moving from one level to another can be solved simple - buy a ready-made kit and install it yourself.

Many companies provide services for the production of sets of drawings of a customer, but as practice shows, such ladders cost 1.5 times more expensive.That is why often the most viable option - make a wooden ladder with your hands, with "zero".

How to do it, what to look for - the subject of this paper.

Terminology Before moving on to consider the design features should "decode" some specific definitions.The main elements are shown in the diagrams.

Types of stairs designs

most simple to manufacture self - march.For private homes, they are installed one or two transiting.Spiral staircases for self-assembly much more difficult (this is described here).In addition, production and necessary calculations for them has its own specificity.

Features of calculating the parameters of stairs

Then the general recommendations for which it is desirable to focus only in the design of the interior stairs.Since all home (or premises) different architecture, dimensions, layout, then no single pattern can not be in principle.

steepness

optimal slope flown - in the range from 35 to 450. According to a steep stairs to climb much more difficult (especially for people with disabilities, old age or young children).Yes, and carry large, heavy items from one floor to also complicated.

Width

Hardly anyone in a private house will move from floor to floor in the "group of friends", so when preparing the plan should be guided by the size of one person.Ladder width of the order of 1.2 - 1.5 m in a private home - a perfectly acceptable option.And walk on it, and even carry furniture items will be convenient enough.

steps Parameters

ladder height

defined as the distance from the floor to the ceiling of the ground floor slab + thickness.For example, 270 + 40 - 310 (cm).

number of steps

height of the structure (310) is divided by the value of the term of the riser and the tread thickness of the board, and then rounded to an integer value (up).For example, if "sorokovke" is 20 + 4 = 24 cm

Total - 310:. 24 = 13 (degrees).

Recommendation - stair steps with the number more than 18 and a slope within 450 should establish special courts.Depending on the destination, they are called differently - Rotary, inspection, intermediate.Consequently, the ladder itself will already consist of separate marches (spans).They may be of the same type, or made under various schemes, as the area is not necessarily located right on the center of the design.

ladder length

It is easy to determine, knowing the number of steps and the amount of each tread.These values ​​are multiplied.If steps have projections, they are not counted.

Sometimes calculations show that this "does not fit" design in a particular area.In such cases, the amount of increase or flights, or so-called modular stairs equip (rotary) stages.

winders - top view

height relative to the floor spans

should be guided by the height + a small margin.The optimal design, in which the distance between the end rungs and a ceiling at least 2 m. The other end of the tall person in flight have to bend down the head.

Materials

In most cases, such selected types of wood, such as pine.It is inexpensive, but it is not characterized by longevity.Larch - largely preferred.The presence in its structure makes the special resin material even stronger if absorbed moisture.And this is for the home ladder, given the specificity of its operation - is important.All other options, such as oak, pine, maple and many others can not be named budget.

Operation Installation stairs

consider on a very simple example - odnomarshevoy stairs.This option can be considered as basic as an algorithm of actions is the same, regardless of the number of spans.

Preparation structural elements

ladder assembly

Partitioning wall

In accordance with the scheme of installation and drawing.

Mounting support beams (stringers)

Fixing the top of the march is made differently (how convenient).Option №1 - in the joists are made drunk.Variant №2 - used metal supports, which are fixed on the beam anchors.In any case, the structural elements place the compound should be as reliable.

support beam mounted to mount stringers bottom floor.For wall - fixing on the anchor bolts.

Installation risers

If they are installed, then bolted to the stringers.

Laying entered

They are recorded as supporting beams, and the riser (at least at one point, in the middle).

For ease of installation steps starting from the bottom.Embodiments are shown in the diagram.

Install balusters

primarily fixed extremes - the top and bottom of the march.Between them stretched "string", focusing on that, you can mount the remaining racks.

Installing handrails

They are fixed on each of the pillars, which are located on the march.They can be made from almost any material - metal, plastic, and not just wood.

Processing

The article describes only the general procedure and gives basic recommendations.Having defined the concrete stairs construction, should explore all available access material on this subject, since different models have their own nuances and installation, and the calculations of individual components.For example, a rotary stage, which may be either rectangular or segment.

You can watch the video instructions for the manufacture of wooden stairs:

But the general rules of work is described in detail, the author hopes that this article will help the reader in an independent construct.Good luck!